The Church Fathers on this verse

Leviticus 17:4Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And offer it not at the door of the tabernacle an oblation to the Lord, shall be guilty of blood. As if he had shed blood, so shall he perish from the midst of his people.

Douay-Rheims

וְאֶל־פֶּ֜תַח אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵד֮ לֹ֣א הֱבִיאוֹ֒ לְהַקְרִ֤יב קָרְבָּן֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י מִשְׁכַּ֣ן יְהוָ֑ה דָּ֣ם יֵחָשֵׁ֞ב לָאִ֤ישׁ הַהוּא֙ דָּ֣ם שָׁפָ֔ךְ וְנִכְרַ֛ת הָאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמּֽוֹ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

For this reason, at the outset, God decreed that a temple should be established, so that all forms of wickedness and idolatry could be eradicated among His people when they were united in one location, rather than wandering in a disorganized manner through groves and springs, on hills and mountains, seeking opportunities for sin, offering sacrifices, and pouring out libations in high places. Consequently, the law prescribed death for those who offered sacrifices outside the temple—for “if he bring not to the entrance of the tabernacle of the congregation, or if any man slay outside the camp, the blood shall be imputed to that man.” Therefore, the prophet calls them together to this place so that they may receive instruction and be safeguarded from straying by heeding the message. Psalm 134

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

The Lawgiver and Judge established that sacrifices should be made solely within the sacred tabernacle by those who desired to perform them, thereby steering them away from the erroneous practices once prevalent in Egypt. In that land, the worship of countless absurd false gods created a farcical scenario where even the worshipers were unsure of the deities they revered. Individuals could offer sacrifices to whichever god they pleased, following the foolish suggestions of certain Greek philosophers, who endorsed the idea of sacrificing to different gods arbitrarily.

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In contrast, the Lord pointedly rejected such impious customs, as conveyed in the book of Leviticus, where it is stated: "Declare to Aaron and his sons and all the children of Israel, and say to them, 'This is what the Lord commands: If any man of the house of Israel shall slay a bullock or a sheep or a goat in the camp, or if any man shall slay outside the camp, and shall not bring it to the entrance of the tabernacle of the congregation, to present it as a sacrifice to the Lord before the dwelling of the Lord, blood shall be imputed to that man: 'He hath shed blood, and that man shall be destroyed from among his people’" (Lev. 17:4). Thus, shedding blood outside the tabernacle leads to the shame of unlawful murder, as it turns one’s soul away from the true God and towards inanimate objects like stones and trees, offering sacrifices to the illusions of demons. The requirement was not for every type of sacrifice to be brought to the tabernacle, but specifically for those offerings dedicated to God. This was further clarified with the instruction: "That they henceforth do not bring their sacrifices to idols, after which they go fornication. This shall be an everlasting ordinance for them in their generations" (Lev. 17:7). Consequently, no one is permitted to offer sacrifices frivolously, as the Lord explicitly commands that worship must be directed to the one true God.

How profound our discourse is! I believe it is essential to further understand the significance of offering sacrifices and performing sacred rites solely within the holy tabernacle. Did we not mention that the bullock offered in the holy tabernacle served as a foreshadowing of Immanuel and atoned for the people's sins of ignorance? Thus, Christ's sacrament must be practiced in the holy tabernacles of God’s churches. This is illustrated when the Lord instructed how the Israelites, emerging from Egypt, were to sacrifice the lamb as a symbol of Christ, saying: “In one house ye shall eat it... ye shall not take the meat out of the house” (Ex. 12:46). Consequently, heretics disregard the divine will, establishing other places of worship separate from the true tabernacle and mishandling the sacrificial lamb by taking it far from the designated house, thus fracturing the unity of Christ, who is one and perfect in all things. Furthermore, the wise and holy Moses cautioned us in Deuteronomy: "Beware of offering your burnt-offerings in every place that thou seest; but in that place only which the Lord shall choose..., in one of thy tribes, offer your burnt-offerings, and do all that I command thee.... But whenever thy soul desires, thou mayest slay and eat, according to the blessing of the Lord thy God, the meat which he hath given thee, in all thy dwellings: the unclean and the clean may eat it as a chamois, and as a deer: but the blood thou shalt not eat: thou shalt pour it out upon the ground as water" (Deuteronomy 12:13-16). Hence, it is the sin and condemnation of the wicked soul to offer sacrifices anywhere other than in the house of God while failing to faithfully perform the sacrament of Christ.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

Question 23: What is the reason the law prohibits the slaughter of animals for consumption outside the tabernacle (Leviticus 17:3-6)? God understood the depravity of certain individuals and recognized that some made offerings to demons. Accordingly, He ordained that anyone wishing to sacrifice a bull, sheep, or goat must bring it to the entrance of the tabernacle, where the blood would be shed, and the meat consumed at home. Those who neglect this requirement are to be tried and deemed guilty of murder. As stated, "It shall be imputed to that man for the blood that is shed, and his soul shall be consumed from his people" (Leviticus 17:4).

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The intent behind this law is elucidated further in the following scripture: “Let the priest offer the fat in the stench of fragrance unto the Lord: and let not their sacrifices thereby be devoured with vanity, whereby they themselves commit fornication after them: the everlasting law shall be unto you in your generations” (Lev. 17:6-7). This legislation remains applicable among the Jews, as the animals consumed are to be slaughtered by the priest.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.