The Church Fathers on this verse

Matthew 26:25Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And Judas that betrayed him answering, said: Is it I, Rabbi? He saith to him: Thou hast said it.

Douay-Rheims

αποκριθεις δε ιουδας ο παραδιδους αυτον ειπεν μητι εγω ειμι ραββι λεγει αυτω συ ειπας

Greek (Byzantine text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

16 Church Fathers comment on this verse · 34 commentaries

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

The Evangelist relates how as they sat at meat, Jesus declares Judas’ treachery, that the wickedness of the betrayer may be more apparent from the season and the circumstances.

I rather think that Christ did this out of regard for him, and to bring him to a better mind.

This He said to comfort His disciples, that they might not think that it was through weakness that He suffered; and at the same time for the correction of His betrayer. And notwithstanding His Passion had been foretold, Judas is still guilty; and not his betrayal wrought our salvation, but God’s providence, which used the sins of others to our profit.

Though the Lord could have said, Hast thou covenanted to receive silver, and darest to ask Me this? But Jesus, most merciful, said nothing of all this, therein laying down for us rules and landmarks of endurance of evil. He saith unto him, Thou hast said.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

And if it be contended that there is a life before this life, that will prove that not only not for Judas, but for none other is it good to have been born. Can it mean, that it were better for him not to have been born to the Devil, namely, for sin? Or does it mean that it had been good for him not to have been born to Christ at his calling, that he should now become apostate?

Jerome of Stridon

5th centuryChurch Father

The Lord had above foretold His Passion, He now foretels who is to be the traitor; thus giving him place of repentance, when he should see that his thoughts and the secret designs of his heart were known.

O wonderful endurance of the Lord, He had said before, One of you shall betray me. The traitor perseveres in his wickedness; He designates him more particularly, yet not by name. For Judas, while the rest were sorrowful, and withdrew their hands, and bid away the food from their mouths, with the same hardihood and recklessness which led him to betray Him, reached forth his hand into the dish with his Master, passing off his audacity as a good conscience.

Judas, not withheld by either the first or second warning, perseveres in his treachery; the Lord’s long-suffering nourishes his audacity. Now then his punishment is foretold, that denunciations of wrath may correct where good feeling has no power.

We are not to infer from this that man has a being before birth; for it cannot be well with any man till he has a being; it simply implies that it is better not to be, than to be in evil.

His question feigns either great respect, or a hypocritical incredulousness. The rest who were not to betray Him, said only Lord; the actual traitor addresses Him as Master, as though it were some excuse that he denied Him as Lord, and betrayed a Master only.

Judas acts in every thing to remove all suspicion of his treachery.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

Ah, the audacity! He attempts to conceal himself, at least from the disciples. Initially, when Jesus said, ‘I am one of you,’ he did not inquire further, believing he was still hidden from the Master. However, upon receiving the signal, Judas recognized that he had already been exposed. When the others questioned him, he too asked, clinging to the hope of the Master’s compassion, yearning that He would not chastise him publicly. Thus, he addressed Him as Rabbi, meaning Teacher. Observe the intensity of Jesus’ rebuke, which presents us with an illustration and principles of forbearance. He states: You are the one bearing witness that it is you. If we disregard the food, what remains is: I am, Rabbi, signifying both confession and denial.

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Consequently, Jesus Christ left nothing unaddressed in his attempts to guide Judas; He reminded him through countless means, employing actions, words, fear, care, and other approaches. Yet, since none of these remedies healed him and he remained completely ailing, Christ departed to proceed with what was to come.

Origen of Alexandria

3rd centuryChurch Father

Or, He spoke generally, to prove the nature of each of their hearts, and to evince the wickedness of Judas, who would not believe in One who knew his heart. I suppose that at first he supposed that the thing was hid from Him, deeming Him man, which was of unbelief; but when he saw that his heart was known, he embraced the concealment offered by this general way of speaking, which was shamelesness. This also shews the goodness of the disciples, that they believed Christ’s words more than their own consciences, for they began each to say, Lord, is it I? For they knew by what Jesus had taught them that human nature is readily turned to evil, and is in continual struggle with the niters of the darkness of this world; (Eph.

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6:12.) whence they ask as in fear, for by reason of our weakness the future is an object of dread to us. When the Lord saw the disciples thus alarmed for themselves, He pointed out the traitor by the mark of the prophetic declaration, He that hath eaten bread with me hath wantonly overthrown me. (Ps. 41:9.)

Such is the wont of men of exceeding wickedness, to plot against those of whose bread and salt they have partaken, and especially those who have no enmity against them. But if we take it of the spiritual table, and the spiritual food, we shall see the more abundant and overflowing measure of this man’s wickedness, who called to mind neither his Master’s love in providing carnal goods, nor His teaching in things spiritual. Such are all in the Church who lay snares for their brethren whom they continually meet at the same table of Christ’s Body.

He said not, By whom the Son of Man is betrayed, but through whom, (John 13:2.) pointing out another, to with the Devil, as the author of His betrayal, Judas as the minister. But woe also to all betrayers of Christ! and such is every one who betrays a disciple of Christ.

After all the Apostles had asked, and after Christ had spoken of him, Judas at length enquired of himself, with the crafty design of concealing his treacherous purpose by asking the same question as the rest; for real sorrow brooks not suspense.

Or, out of sycophancy he calls Him Master, while he holds Him unworthy of the title.

Leo the Great

5th centuryChurch Father

He shews that the conscience of His betrayer was known to Him, not meeting his wickedness with a harsh and open rebuke, that penitence might find a readier way to one who had not been disgraced by public dismissal.

Rabanus Maurus

9th centuryChurch Father

For this reason also, because in Christ’s Passion, wherein the true sun hasted to his setting, eternal refreshment was made ready for all believers.

This might have been so said by Judas, and answered by the Lord as not to be overheard by the rest.

What Matthew calls ‘paropsis,’ Mark calls ‘catinus.’ The ‘paropsis’ is a square dish for meat, ‘catinus,’ an earthen vessel for containing fluids; this then might be a square earthen vessel.

Remigius of Auxerre

9th centuryChurch Father

With the twelve, it is said, for Judas was personally among them, though he had ceased to be so in merit.

And it is beautifully said, When even was come, because it was in the evening that the Lamb was wont to be slain.

It belongs to human nature to come and go, Divine nature remains ever the same. So because His human nature could suffer and die, therefore of the Son of Man it is well said that he goeth. He says plainly, As it is written of him, for all that He suffered had been foretold by the Prophets.

Woe also to all who draw near to Christ’s table with an evil and defiled conscience! who though they do not deliver Christ to the Jews to be crucified, deliver Him to their own sinful members to be taken. He adds, to give more emphasis, Good were it for that man if he had never been born.

Which may be understood thus; Thou sayest it, and thou sayest what is true; or, Thou hast said this, not I; leaving him room for repentance so long as his villainy was not publicly exposed.

Philaret (Gumilevski)

19th centuryChurch Father

How then did the other disciples address Him, saying, “Eat, dear Lord”? While Judas referred to Him as “Rabbi.” The former clearly reflects deep respect; the latter does not convey the same reverence: “Rabbi” is a term of honor given to every teacher, but Judas employs it merely from a sense of propriety. Moreover, while the other disciples were anxiously inquiring about the Lord’s identity, Judas remained silent, even as the Lord acknowledged that the betrayer partook of the sacred meal alongside Him. Yet when the Lord proclaimed the grave misfortune awaiting the traitor, it stirred something within him, although it did not lead to true repentance. Soon, he composed himself, wanting to avoid arousing suspicion regarding his betrayal.

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Mimicking his fellow disciples, he asked, “Is it I?” Judas presented himself among the disciples as a traitor. But what weight did this carry in his own soul? How deeply painful it must have been for the Compassionate One to hear this brazen inquiry! How could He respond to such a wretched heart without righteous indignation? Yet in His divine goodness, O Lord, He replied gently to Judas, “You have spoken,” meaning you are aware of your own actions. In this, the Lord reveals to us the example and principles of enduring offenses. Glory to Your patience, O Lord!

Abbot Panteleimon about the Trinity

19th centuryCommentator

Ultimately, already marked as a traitor, ‘and to avoid being among those who questioned one another without thought,’ Innocent, Archbishop of Kherson, observes that ‘this unfortunate individual had the audacity to speak up and was not ashamed to inquire, “Am I not I, Rabbi?”’ To this, St. Chrysostom reacts with astonishment, exclaiming, "He inquires when he already knows the answer.

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Why did he not ask earlier?” Judas believed he was not seen when it was mentioned, “one of you”; however, once Christ disclosed the truth, he then felt emboldened to question, trusting in the Master’s gentleness, hoping for compassion and not rebuke.’ It is noteworthy that when the other disciples asked, "Is it not I, Lord?" Judas instead poses, “Am I not, Rabbi?” The former shows profound reverence, while the latter lacks spiritual depth; the title he uses is merely respectful courtesy owed to any teacher, demonstrating that Judas speaks only out of superficial propriety,’ notes Philaret, Archbishop of Chernigov. Judas questions: ‘Am I not?’ He plays the hypocrite in front of his fellow disciples. Yet, what was he confronting within his own conscience? How difficult it must have been for the Heartbreaker to endure such a brazen inquiry! How could one respond to such a dreadful heart without righteous indignation? Yet, Thy divine grace, O Lord, responds to Judas with gentleness: “JESUS SAYS TO HIM: YOU SAY,” meaning he acknowledges within himself that he is indeed a traitor. Though one might have exclaimed, “O wicked and covert, vile and defiled one!”—having prepared yourself for evil for so long, rejecting Me, entering into dark dealings, agreeing for the pieces of silver, and having faced reproach from your wife—how dare you still inquire? Yet Christ spoke no such words. What did He declare? "Thou hast said," thereby exemplifying patience and restraint,’ according to St. John Chrysostom. The Lord’s response to Judas was given so quietly and gently that it seems none heard Him, or comprehended except for Judas, as evidenced in the ensuing events, remarks Innocent, Archbishop of Kherson. The traitor bore the weight of reproach in silence, fearing greater disgrace if his betrayal were unveiled. The other disciples ceased their curiosity, having perceived that the Master was not inclined to expose the traitor outright. Only Peter remained unsettled, tormented by the possibility that the traitor whom the Master had mentioned might sit alongside him, or by the darker thought that perhaps he himself could be the one under suspicion or that he could soon face some grave temptation (he had already been called Satan once). This unsettling contemplation disturbed him. To unveil the truth, he signaled to John, who reclined close to the Savior, urging him to ask quietly, “Who is this man about whom He speaks?” John, bending toward Jesus' breast, immediately asked, “Who is the betrayer?” No one heard or took notice of his question, except Peter and likely Judas himself, who, feeling guilty, was wary of everyone. “The one,” Jesus replied softly, “to whom I will give a piece of bread after I have dipped it” (John 13:26). He dipped a piece into the dish and offered it to Judas Iscariot. This act of sharing food was the last opportunity for repentance for the doomed apostle. Yet within Iscariot's heart, the opposite unfolded. Following the bread, as John noted, Satan promptly entered him. The façade of gentleness and friendship was consumed by the fire of rebuke blazing within him, and the traitor's demeanor darkened grievously. Holy companionship became intolerable for a person possessing a heart filled with evil; an unseen force began to draw him away. He perceived all that transpired within the soul of the son of perdition and chose not to endure longer in the futile presence of the traitor: “What you must do, do it quickly” (John 13:27), He instructed, providing a justifiable reason for Judas to depart without raising the suspicion of the others. In the meantime, this gentle rebuke to one abandoned by grace must have struck him as profound censure. “I will not delay in my deeds,” he resolved, and thus departed. “And it was night,” St. John notes, indicating it was not before nine in the evening by our reckoning. The disciples believed Judas had been dispatched to acquire provisions for the feast or perhaps to give to the poor in observance of the feast. While shopping late at night posed challenges, believing he was in search of trim people during such a sacred time was easier than confronting the horrific reality that Judas of Iscariot had gone directly to Caiaphas from the Passover supper, after the washing of the Master’s feet, to collect the silver pieces. Reflecting on Judas’ betrayal, St. John Chrysostom remarks, “‘Some may argue: if it was foretold that Christ would suffer, why is Judas condemned? He merely fulfilled what was prophesied.’ However, he did not act with the intent of realization, but from malice. If one were to disregard the broader context, they would absolve the adversary of culpability. But that cannot be the case. Both are deserving of endless torment, even if all else were redeemed. It is not Judas’ treachery that achieved our salvation, but rather the wisdom of Christ and His profound providence, turning the ill intentions of others to our benefit. You may wonder: if Judas had not betrayed Him, would not someone else have done so? If all had acted righteously, wouldn’t the fulfillment of our salvation come to pass? Let it not be! For the Wise One knew precisely how to orchestrate our redemption, even without betrayal. His wisdom is immeasurable and unfathomable. For this reason, lest anyone believe that Judas played a role in the architecture of our salvation, Jesus refers to him as the most wretched man…’”

Alexander Gorsky

19th centuryCommentator

Feeling uncomfortable about Jesus' private discussion with John, Judas boldly questioned, “Is it I?” The Lord responded, “You have said so.”

Bogolepow D.P.

19th centuryCommentator

In the account of identifying the traitor Judas, there is a distinction between the Hebrew version of Luke, who presents the story very concisely, noting that after Christ foretold the betrayal, the disciples began to ask one another which among them would be the traitor. This moment of inquiry is also highlighted by the Evangelist John, who describes how “the disciples looked at one another, puzzled about whom He was speaking” (John 13:22).

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Meanwhile, both Matthew and Mark report that the disciples were deeply saddened and began to respond to the Lord individually, asking, “Is it I, Lord?” to which they received the reply, “He that putteth his hand in the dish with me, this one shall betray me.” Only Matthew adds that Judas later posed the question, “Rabbi, is it I?” and received an affirmative answer. John, however, does not recount the questions from each disciple but shares that John, leaning against Jesus, asked Him who the traitor was, and received the answer, “The one to whom I will dip a piece of bread and give it” (John 13:26). This aspect of the story is told solely by John.

The Hebrew accounts portray different details of this occurrence: Luke offers a brief version, mentioning only the prophecy of the betrayer and Christ’s warning, alongside the disciples' initial confusion and discussions among themselves. Matthew and Mark, on the other hand, recount the subsequent questioning by each disciple and the initial general reference to the traitor, including the warning directed towards Judas. It is reasonable to assume that the fulfillment of the Lord’s instruction to identify the traitor concurrently occurred with John’s inquiry. In an attempt to appear bold, Judas inquires, “Is it not I, Rabbi?” receiving a quiet confirmation, “Yes, you are.” Likely, the other disciples did not hear this last exchange, but they understood the Lord’s words—that the one who dipped his hand in the dish alongside Him was someone among the twelve, thus making a broader implication (Luke 22:21). Peter then gestures to John to ask Jesus who the betrayer is. If this inquiry arose during the part of the Supper when the host was breaking bread and serving it to the attendees, the revelation of Judas as the traitor may have unfolded as follows: Jesus indicated to John, “It is he to whom I shall give a piece of bread after I have dipped it.” This would have occurred at the moment He was serving Judas. Judas, in his state of agitation and his effort to conceal it, prematurely moved his hand toward the dish while the Lord was just placing His hand into it with the bread destined for him.

Gladkow B.I.

19th centuryCommentator

When Judas, unwilling to conform to the others, audaciously inquired, “Teacher, am I the one?” - Jesus responded softly, ensuring that the other disciples did not overhear his reply: “You have said so.” This phrase typically represented an affirmative response, akin to stating, “Yes, it is indeed you.”

Lopuchin A.P.

19th centuryCommentator

To avoid exposing his own wrongdoing among the other disciples, Iscariot hesitantly inquired, “Am I not the Master?” to which he was told, “You have said so.” However, the apostles overlooked this explicit response, and Peter, ever the impulsive one, pressed for clarification on the identity of the betrayer (refer to the explanation of Mt. 26:23).

Michail (Lusin)

19th centuryCommentator

"Is it I, Rabbi?" Despite having been condemned by the Lord, Judas has the audacity to inquire if he is the one who will betray Him. Why did he not ask this earlier? He believed he was undetected when it was mentioned, "one of you." However, once Christ exposed him, Judas ventured to question again, perhaps hoping for the gentleness of the Master to spare him from rebuke. Observe the profound gentleness in this admonishment. Even at this moment, Christ engages the traitor not with threats but with great grace. "You have said so." Although He could have characterized Judas as wicked, deceitful, and unclean, Christ chose not to do so. Instead, He simply affirmed, "You have said so," illustrating for us the essence of patience.

Paul Matwejewski

19th centuryCommentator

Judas, maintaining his façade in hopes of diverting any suspicion from the other disciples, approached Jesus with audacity typical of a hardened criminal, asking, “Is this what I am, Rabbi?” St. John Chrysostom observes that one could just as easily respond, “Oh, wicked and depraved man, who has long plotted evil, conspired in secret meetings, agreed to betray for silver, and even faced reproach from his wife, you still have the audacity to inquire?” Yet Christ refrained from uttering such words. Instead, with gentle humility and in a manner discernible only to the betrayer, the Lord replied, “You have spoken.”

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.

The original text

Greek text, 15 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.

  1. Ἀποκριθεὶς
    apokritheis
    I answer
    G611 · ἀποκρίνω
  2. δὲ
    de
    but
    G1161 · δέ
  3. Ἰούδας
    ioudas
    Judah
    G2455 · Ἰούδας
  4. ὁ
    ho
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  5. παραδιδοὺς
    paradidous
    I hand over
    G3860 · παραδίδωμι
  6. αὐτὸν
    auton
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  7. εἶπεν
    eipen
    to say
    G2036 · ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον
  8. Μήτι
    mēti
    if not
    G3385 · μήτι
  9. ἐγώ
    egō
    I
    G1473 · ἐγώ
  10. εἰμι
    eimi
    I am
    G1510 · εἰμί
  11. ῥαββί
    rhabbi
    Rabbi
    G4461 · ῥαββί
  12. Λέγει
    legei
    I say
    G3004 · λέγω
  13. αὐτῷ
    autō
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  14. Σὺ
    sy
    you
    G4771 · σύ
  15. εἶπας
    eipas
    to say
    G2036 · ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον