THEOSISWlastow G.K.
The mountain associated with God is identified as the entire northern region of the Sinai range, including both Sinai and Horeb. It is here that the Lord's initial revelation to Moses occurred; from this rock, the life-giving spring emerged for the people of Israel. In this sacred setting, Israel achieved its first triumph over its adversaries, a victory granted by God yet realized through their own efforts, cultivated during their time in the wilderness into a robust nation. Israel camped here for several days, and it is likely that Jethro arrived with Moses' family during this time.
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As previously mentioned, the path from Shermah, situated at the peninsula's southern tip, to Horeb was familiar to the Midianite shepherds seeking summer pastures. This route passed near the steep southern peak of Sinai, known as Jebel Muzah, and ascended the eastern slope of the Sinai range. The timing of Jethro's arrival was aligned with circumstances: while the Amalekites held the eastern and northeastern sections of the mountains, there was no connection between Shermah and Horeb. Once the Amalekite threat was fully defeated, and after Israel had settled in the elevated pastures and gorges surrounding Horeb, Jethro was able to travel safely along the path he knew.
The references to Exodus 16:1 and 19:1 suggest the duration spent in the wilderness of Sin before reaching the wilderness of Sinai. According to Holland, Rephidim is in close proximity to the wilderness of Sinai, not requiring a span of fifteen days for the journey. Thus, we surmise that there was a brief stay at Rephidim, close to Horeb, located in a gorge on the eastern side of Sinai.