THEOSISCassiodorus the Senator
Regarding its literal interpretation, the psalm’s title refers to the period following the Babylonian exile, during which Zerubbabel, the son of Salathiel, oversaw the reconstruction of Jerusalem's temple, which had been devastated by the invading Chaldeans. However, since the text that follows does not mention this historical context and the titles of the psalms consistently reflect their content, we are prompted to consider it from a spiritual perspective. The restoration of the devastated temple symbolizes the healing of a soul previously held captive by sin that, with divine assistance, begins to embrace the truth.
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This temple (representing the Universal Church, where Christ resides) is constructed of living stones and is continually expanded through the witness of confessors, and its building will persist until the full number of appointed martyrs at the end of time is reached. It is also important to note that this is the second psalm within the collection that discusses both the first and second advent of the Lord.