The Church Fathers on this verse

Isaiah 10:9Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Are not my princes as so many kings? is not Calano as Charcamis: and Emath as Arphad? is not Samaria as Damascus?

Douay-Rheims

הֲלֹ֥א כְּכַרְכְּמִ֖ישׁ כַּלְנ֑וֹ אִם־לֹ֤א כְאַרְפַּד֙ חֲמָ֔ת אִם־לֹ֥א כְדַמֶּ֖שֶׂק שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

He will declare, ‘Are not all rulers my vassals? Is not Halneh equivalent to Carchemish? Is not Emath akin to Arpad? Is not Samaria on par with Damascus?’ This reminds us that the Assyrian king faced divine punishment to manifest the might of the Lord: reflecting on the past reveals the future. Restraining your bravado, will you not now recognize the immense strength of God? He spoke in this manner to illustrate God’s power: He who, like a torrential downpour or a swift current, inundated numerous lands, divided nations, and laid waste to fields, will be confined by God within a small, despised city, as if he were non-existent.

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

It becomes clear that God, who is perpetually invested in His own glory, experiences great indignation when He observes individuals neglecting and striving to undermine what pleases Him, while pursuing the most disgraceful actions. The blessed David illustrates this by stating, "With reins and bridles thou shalt grip their jaws, those who come near thee. Many are the wounds of the sinner" (Psalms 31:9, 10). God administers punishment to those who sin, expressing His wrath as if He were placing a rod into the hands of cruel men, allowing them to carry out the discipline intended for the wicked. However, those selected for this task often hold an inflated view of themselves concerning the punished and even toward God, who has assigned this role to them.

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They fail to recognize that their perceived triumph over others stems from God's will and the decree that those individuals should endure such hardships; instead, they believe they have outdone Him, who seeks their salvation. Hence, God justly turns His wrath upon them. As He opposes the arrogant, He humbles their pride and subjects them to the penalties they merit, aiming to instill in them the understanding that their success over the punished is not due to their own power, but rather His authority.

This scenario unfolded with the king of Assyria, who, after conquering Judah and ravaging its cities, became conceited and believed he had seized the holy land against God's intentions, who both ruled it and promised its redemption. Therefore, it is stated that God's wrath remains unappeased, threatening calamity upon the Assyrians. Why is this so? He asserts, "For, saith he, the rod of my fury is given into their hands, signified by me, that they may strike those who are ungodly against me; for I have commanded my own people to be made lucre and captivity, and to trample down the cities, and to lay me in the dust." He continues, claiming that if he had not withdrawn his salvific hand and withheld his usual aid from them, they would never have been captives but would have prevailed over their adversaries with His support.

The Assyrian, however, failed to understand this truth; instead, he imagined that he would annihilate numerous nations. He believed that no one could oppose his might, and he would easily vanquish all and reign over all peoples without resistance. If someone with an insatiable appetite for dominion over everything approached him, claiming, "Are you the only ruler? Can you truly claim sovereignty over the universe? I will take all the kingdoms. Halah, where the ancient tower was erected, lies in the farthest eastern reaches, across the land of Babylon." He would boast that he had extended his kingdom to these limits and had taken Damascus and Samaria, with their gods providing no assistance, and therefore he would conquer other lands beyond.

It is worth noting that Rabsak, while conveying the king of Assyria's message to those on the wall, warned them, stating that the king said, "Let not Hezekiah entice you with words which cannot deliver you; and let not Hezekiah speak unto you, that God will deliver us." He then questioned, “How shall the Gentile gods deliver any man from the power of the king of Assyria? Where is the god of Emath and Arphath? And where is the god of the city of Seppharim? Is it possible to rescue Samaria from my grasp? Which of the gods of all these lands will save his territory from my power, as the God of Jerusalem will save Jerusalem from my hand?" (Isaiah 36:14, 18-20). Therefore, God proclaims that He will punish the Assyrian who held himself in high esteem and dared to ridicule divine wrath. Likewise, we should shun the sin of pride; if it should rise up defiantly against the divine glory, woe to those who dare to do so.

Basil the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

He responds, seemingly with a chuckle, "Have you not taken possession of the land that surpasses Babylon and Halani?" What he implies is that he has not yet attained complete dominion; the region that is above Babylon and Halani does not belong to his realm, where the ancient pillar stands. This pillar, erected in the plain of Shinar, was established during the time when they declared, "Come, let us build for ourselves a city and a tower whose pinnacle will reach into the heavens" (Genesis 11:4). The term Halani is not mentioned elsewhere in Scripture; however, I suspect that this territory lies close to Babylonia, given that Babylon gets its name from the confusion of languages that the Lord caused, thus breaking the unity of wickedness. For Scripture indicates that this location is referred to as the mixture (cf. Gen. 11:9), known in Hebrew as Babel.

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

Assur declared, Look at Carchemish, which remains unconquered; it will be akin to Halneh, which I have subdued and laid waste. Similarly, Emath, still standing, will be regarded as Arpad that surrendered to me. In my eyes, Samaria equates to Damascus. Jerusalem, which relies on her Lord, will be viewed by me as Damascus and Samaria, both of which placed their trust in idols and fell to my forefathers.

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