The Church Fathers on this verse

Isaiah 32:15Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Until the spirit be poured upon us from on high: and the desert shall be as a charmel, and charmel shall be counted for a forest.

Douay-Rheims

עַד־יֵ֨עָרֶ֥ה עָלֵ֛ינוּ ר֖וּחַ מִמָּר֑וֹם וְהָיָ֤ה מִדְבָּר֙ לַכַּרְמֶ֔ל וכרמל וְהַכַּרְמֶ֖ל לַיַּ֥עַר יֵחָשֵֽׁב׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Until the Spirit is generously bestowed upon us from on high, signifying a heavenly visitation. The wilderness shall be named Hermel, and Hermel shall be designated as the oak. The wilds and the cities, where conflicts rage and struggles thrive, are not fundamentally distinct. What assistance can be found from judges and verdicts when all iniquity reigns? Once unrighteousness is put to rest, the earth will experience tranquility. It is foretold that acts of righteousness shall flourish in peace. Yet, how can tranquility be attained in the midst of strife and discord? Listen to the one who declares, “The flesh desires what is contrary to the spirit, and the spirit what is contrary to the flesh” (Galatians 5:17).

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When our will aligns with the truth, we inhabit the realm of peace, devoid of strife, for just as unrighteousness sparks discord, peace is born from truth. Rather than focusing on physical oppression, consider the blessings that arise from it: for conflict and rivalry can often lead to peace. Just as warriors engaged in battle can bring about peace for cities and nations, when they falter through cowardice and refuse to confront their foes, peace will vanish, and thus it is in this scenario.

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

The text serves to illuminate the moment when the disobedient people of Israel will experience a barrenness of mind. It appears to refer to those who have honored Jesus Christ through their obedience, who have been cleansed by their faith in Him, and who have become beneficiaries of the Holy Spirit. He prophesies that what has been foretold will indeed unfold, leading to Israel’s desolation due to its recklessness, until a spirit from the Most High descends upon us. As noted in the Book of Acts, the holy Apostles were gathered together during the days of Pentecost. Suddenly, there was a sound from heaven, like a mighty wind, filling the place they were gathered in.

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Divided tongues of fire appeared and settled upon each of them, enabling them to speak in various languages as the Spirit enabled them to do so (Acts 2:1-4). Thus, when the Spirit of God manifests among you believers from on high, it is proclaimed that the barren land will become like Hermel. Hermel or Carmel, a prominent mountain in Judea, is lush with forests. This mountain symbolizes Jerusalem and its surrounding areas, filled with countless inhabitants. However, it is foretold that a desolate land will be termed oak wood—a wild forest suited only for burning, where wild trees are cut down to feed the flames. Once Hermel is cleared and the wild forest is established, judgment will rest upon the wilderness. The prophet Isaiah mentions the land of the Gentiles elsewhere, stating, "Rejoice, thirsty wilderness; let the wilderness be glad and let it blossom like a rose" (Isaiah 35:1). He compares it to a desert, highlighting its barrenness and utter lack of vegetation. Nevertheless, it becomes spiritually enriched and flourishing with beautiful trees due to Christ’s presence within it. Similarly, Isaiah proclaims, "I will create rivers in the wilderness and fountains in the waterless land; I will plant cedar, acacia, myrtle, and olive trees" (Isaiah 41:18-19). This imagery signifies the souls that have honored their faith in Him and have ascended to the heights of various virtues. Judgment shall rest in the wasteland, and righteousness will dwell in Carmel, indicating that goodness shall inhabit both the wilderness and Carmel. Hermel and Carmel refer to the same mountain under different names. How can it then be both desolate and filled with oak trees, while truth also inhabits it? We maintain that Israel has not completely severed its relationship with God; rather, a remnant remains—those who have faith among them are united with those who believe from the Gentiles, and it is among these believers that Christ, the embodiment of truth and judgment, resides. We are justified in Him, as sin has been eradicated through righteous judgment, leaving Satan powerless. What Christ, the embodiment of truth, achieved in the wilderness is made clear: there will be works of righteousness and peace. When our Lord Jesus Christ came, Paul notes, He preached peace to those who were far off and peace to those nearby (Eph. 2:17), referring to both the Gentiles and the Jews. The truth has bestowed rest upon us, as we have been reconciled to God and have dismantled enmity, finding ourselves in a city of eternal rest and joy. We have placed our trust in Him for eternity and dwell within the city of peace, which is the church of the living God, where Christ, the source of peace, resides. We now enjoy abundance, having previously lacked goodness and virtue, surrounded by ungodliness and despair (Eph. 2:12). Through Christ, we have become enriched and shall continue to thrive, having received an overwhelming supply of gifts from above.

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

When the Spirit of the Most High descends upon us, the desolate places will become like Hermon, and Hermon will take on the stature of an oak tree. The territory of the Jews will lie in ruin like Carmel, while Carmel, representing the Assyrians who were once prosperous, will be consumed by flames.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.