The Church Fathers on this verse

Isaiah 48:17Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Thus saith the Lord thy redeemer, the Holy One of Israel: I am the Lord thy God that teach thee profitable things, that govern thee in the way that thou walkest.

Douay-Rheims

כֹּֽה־אָמַ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה גֹּאַלְךָ֖ קְד֣וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲנִ֨י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ מְלַמֶּדְךָ֣ לְהוֹעִ֔יל מַדְרִֽיכֲךָ֖ בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ תֵּלֵֽךְ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

5 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Thus declares the Lord your Savior, the Holy One of Israel: I am the Lord your God, who instructs you in valuable matters and guides you along the path you should follow to meaningful pursuits. Others interpret this as having taught you. The scripture frequently states, I am the Lord your God (Exodus 20:2), so that they may recognize His immense support. Earthly rulers may engage in righteous actions, not for a love of goodness, but for their own advantage, and even when they cultivate virtues, it is often for personal gain. In contrast, God encourages His servants to remain steadfast in virtue, urging the work of His hands to lead lives of godliness.

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

He strives once more to strengthen their faith and guide their thoughts toward the one true God, revealing His glory to them so they do not fall into the futility propagated by the misguided. This futility leads to reliance on nonexistent false deities. Hence, He proclaims, “I am your God,” indicating His existence. This was similarly revealed to Moses when He said, “I am He,” affirming that the true God is indeed He, the Creator of all, who has brought everything into being. What exists has its essence because it was created and received its origin from Him. Thus, the Lord declares, “I am thy God, who hath delivered thee, O holy one of Israel.”

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However, one might ponder, how can one of Israel’s descendants respond, “You have rescued us from fire and punishment, from bondage and slavery, and from the hand of the oppressor, showing Your omnipotence and accomplishing all by Your will? Yet, how can we, who have always relied on Your care and aid, find ourselves in such dire straits, subjugated by our enemies?” What might God respond to this? “I will instruct you, guiding you on the path you should follow. I have established a law that outlines what is right, directing you to what pleases Me, revealing the way to truth, teaching you in righteousness, and leading you along the straight path. Had you chosen to follow this path, you could have become a faithful servant, adorned with the beauty of virtue. Instead, you strayed from this straight road, deviating into paths contrary to My law. You have turned to worship the heavenly host, offered sacrifices to idols, and forgotten your Creator, neglecting the law I provided.

If you had heeded My commandments, your peace would have flowed like a river, and your righteousness would have been as abundant as the sea's waves. He points out the force of a downpour on mountains that rushes down with relentless strength, unstoppable by any obstacle. The turbulence of the sea's waves is a terror not only to sailors and their laden vessels but even to the very rocks that can be shattered by their might. Thus, He states, had you been faithful to My words and submitted your hearts, then your peace would have been like a river, impenetrable to enemies or attackers.

Alternatively, one might consider the world's abundance and permanence as a river that flows swiftly and ceaselessly or as waves that rise again and again against the shore. “The seed of your lineage will be as numerous as the sand, your offspring as countless as the grains on the earth.” It is as though He is saying, if no one raised a sword against you and enemies harmed no one, you would have flourished abundantly, with your children like countless grains. Yet because you have acted impudently toward God and insulted Him in the pursuit of what is lowly, your numbers have diminished, and you lack increase.

However, despite this situation, the remnant of Israel remains. God Himself has declared that it will not be entirely wiped out due to the promise He made to the patriarchs. He then commands, “Depart from Babylon and flee from the Chaldeans.” This is a royal decree releasing Israel from oppression, akin to how earthly rulers offer liberation with kindness and care. In the same spirit, the God of all creation extends His loving command to those burdened by enslavement, saying explicitly, "Depart," inviting them to recognize the Deliverer and the source of all joy.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Thus declares the Lord your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel: I am the Lord your God, who instructs you in what is beneficial and directs you along the path you should follow. If only you would listen to my commandments, your peace would flow like a river, and your righteousness would be as deep as the sea. Your descendants would be like the grains of sand, and the offspring of your body like its many pebbles; they shall not be lost, nor shall their name be erased before Me. God, having assured Israel of a hopeful future, explains the reasons for His previous chastisements and assures that those who heed Him will be spared similar trials.

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If you would heed my commandments, as indicated by the LXX, or perhaps as a plea: If only you would fulfill my commandments, then your peace would flow like a river, and your righteousness would plunge to the depths of the sea, symbolizing abundance and richness in all aspects of life. The statement regarding your descendants being as numerous as the sand and the offspring of your womb like countless pebbles appears to have been fulfilled among the Jewish people, who are still bearing children and grandchildren. However, how can this promise be interpreted in such a manner when they experience a lack of peace and righteousness? Either God is filled with anger towards them, or He has been appeased. If there is anger, how is their progeny continually increasing? If He is appeased, why do they suffer oppression and lack both peace and righteousness? This indicates that the text now refers to the apostolic lineage, which is supported by the earlier declaration: if the Lord had not preserved a remnant, we would have been like Sodom (Isaiah 1:9). What was not realized in that time will find fulfillment upon the return of Christ, ensuring that the seed of Israel will endure before Him.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

I am the Lord your God; I have instructed you in the path you should follow (Isaiah 48:17). The Jewish people, however, chose to ignore this guidance, finding themselves captivated by worldly desires and believing that prosperity was a mark of true fulfillment. Nonetheless, despite your disregard for My commandments, I will safeguard you, and you shall be restored to your rightful place among My people.

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

In this parable, the Lord assures the Israelites who heed His commandments of their prosperity, their liberation from Babylon, and the forthcoming arrival of the Messiah. Thus saith the Lord that redeems you, O Holy One of Israel: I am the Lord your God, who instructs you so that you may discern the path you should take. With these words, the Lord makes it clear to the captives in Babylon that He has done everything necessary for their well-being. After rescuing the Hebrews from Egyptian bondage, He did not abandon them without further counsel; He provided them with guidance to navigate the way they should go, giving them a law that outlines the principles for their flourishing and the avoidance of wrongdoing. They are now called to adhere to these instructions in order to secure their own good, ensuring that their anticipated liberation from Babylon truly benefits them.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.