The Church Fathers on this verse

Judges 7:6Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And the number of them that had lapped water; casting it with the hand to their mouth, was three hundred men: and all the rest of the multitude had drunk kneeling.

Douay-Rheims

וַיְהִ֗י מִסְפַּ֞ר הַֽמֲלַקְקִ֤ים בְּיָדָם֙ אֶל־פִּיהֶ֔ם שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת אִ֑ישׁ וְכֹל֙ יֶ֣תֶר הָעָ֔ם כָּרְע֥וּ עַל־בִּרְכֵיהֶ֖ם לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת מָֽיִם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

Dogs should be appreciated rather than scorned. They loyally serve their masters and protect their homes from adversaries with their barks. The sixty-seventh Psalm speaks of "thy dogs," which have licked the blood of their foes (Psalms 67:24). Notably, it is the dogs' tongues that receive commendation, not their teeth. It was significant that the Lord instructed Gideon to bring only those three hundred men who drank water like dogs. These three hundred were chosen from among the people based on how they lapped water from their hands. This act symbolizes the cross, as the Greek letter 'tau' signifies the number three hundred.

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The reference to dogs isn't always negative. If it were, the prophet would not rebuke them, stating that their watchmen are blind and oblivious; they are mute dogs that cannot bark, indulging in slumber (Isaiah 56:10). The dogs referenced would indeed be commendable if they could bark and remain vigilant. Also, these three hundred men barking are a sacred figure, as their number signifies the meaning of the cross. It is essential for the victory of those who bark, as this would connect profoundly to the greater mystery. Good dogs are vigilant and vocal to safeguard their homes, their masters, their flocks, and their shepherd. Ultimately, even in the church's praises, which draw from prophecy, it is the tongues of the dogs that are highlighted, rather than their teeth.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Ultimately, he selected three hundred soldiers for the conflict, illustrating that it would not be through a vast army, but rather through the power of the cross, that the world would be freed from the assaults of powerful foes.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

Why did God dictate that only those who, like a dog, lapped up the water should be confronted? The reason for this was revealed by the Lord Himself. He stated, “Many men who are with you, for this cause I will not deliver Midian into their hand, lest Israel should boast against Me, saying: My hand shall save me.” Thus, when the majority of the people were dismissed, God instructed those who remained to be brought to the river. Among them, many fell to their knees and drank directly, but three hundred men did not act out of carelessness; instead, they scooped water into their hands to drink. These were chosen by God as unyielding and negligent, to confront the enemies, so that God's power could be made evident to all.

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In this manner, through the twelve fishermen, tax collectors, and one tanner, the Lord defeated the forces of evil and redeemed humanity. Hence, the Prophet Isaiah drew a parallel and proclaimed, “the rod of the unrepentant scattered Lord, as in the day, and on Midian” (Is. 9:4).