THEOSISTheodoret of Cyrus
What is the significance of the ‘dividing hoof and the belching chewing’? The term ‘dividing hoof’ can be understood as a symbol of discernment between righteous actions and those that are contrary, indicating a way of life that transcends this current age, focusing also on the age to come. It reflects a commitment to provide for both dimensions: allocating what is necessary to this life while investing in the eternal, encompassing both the spirit and the physical needs. Meanwhile, ‘belching chewing’ represents the continual absorption and meditation on the Sacred Scriptures. Just as sheep and similar creatures ruminate their sustenance, the devoted follower expresses a deep love for God’s commandments, declaring, ‘I love Thy law, O Lord; all the day long it is my instruction’ (Ps.
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118:97).
In the animal kingdom, certain species exhibit both the division in their hooves and engage in thorough chewing, while others like donkeys, elk, horses, and beasts lack these traits entirely. Some, such as pigs, have the divided hoof yet do not ruminate; others, like camels and hares, belch their food but do not possess divided hooves. Similarly, among humanity, we observe individuals who embody spiritual perfection, ardently pursuing the knowledge of God’s teachings and striving for virtue. In contrast, there are those who may verbally express God's truths but lack true understanding and spiritual discernment, akin to the camel. There are also individuals who, although they may not have yet encountered genuine faith, actively engage in commendable deeds, and others who entirely lack faith and are devoid of every good work.