The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 103 (102):13Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

As a father hath compassion on his children, so hath the Lord compassion on them that fear him:

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

כְּרַחֵ֣ם אָ֭ב עַל־בָּנִ֑ים רִחַ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה עַל־יְרֵאָֽיו׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

7 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

The Creator's paternal compassion is demonstrated in His willingness to embrace those who revere Him as His own offspring. This act was not borne out of disdain; rather, the Lord, who fathoms the innermost thoughts of humanity that He Himself formed, understands what is truly beneficial for each individual. He grants us the capabilities necessary to fulfill His divine purpose, allowing us to be shaped into His children. It could be said that when the Lord assumed human form, He gained a first-hand understanding of our nature, leading Him to naturally view us as His beloved offspring.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

Bless the Lord, O my soul, and let everything within me honor His holy Name. (Psalm 101:1) It’s essential to understand that this isn’t merely about the physical components of our body like lungs or liver producing sound to praise Him. Rather, this speaks to the inner depths of a person—our hearts have a voice. A person reflects inwardly, saying, “All that is within me bless His holy Name!” What does this imply? It is your very essence, your soul. By proclaiming, “All that is within me bless His holy Name,” we echo the sentiment, “Bless the Lord, O my soul,” since the act of blessing is inherently understood. Whether you shout in praise where others can hear, or remain silent when alone, never cease to let your innermost being bless Him. We have expressed our praises with our voices during worship, but let us also ensure that our hearts continually honor Him. As we exit the church, may our souls continue to lift Him up in praise, even in our daily tasks. Whether eating or drinking, let everything we do glorify God. (1 Corinthians 10:31) Even in slumber, our souls can still celebrate the Lord. Let not thoughts of sin distract you; guard your heart, for your innocence, even in rest, praises Him.

O my soul, bless the Lord and do not forget His many benefits. (Psalm 102:2) However, to fully recognize the Lord’s benefits, one must be aware of their sins. Keep the shame of past offenses before your eyes, recognizing sin’s condemnation, but also embrace the forgiveness offered by God. For as God recompenses your past, you may find yourself asking, “How can I repay the Lord for all that He has given me?” This meditation is central to the martyrs we honor today, and to all saints who risked everything for their faith, demonstrating the perfection of love. (1 John 3:16) Our Lord emphasized that no greater love exists than that shown by one who lays down their life for their friends. (John 15:13) These holy martyrs deemed their earthly lives of little value in exchange for eternal life, in accordance with our Lord's teaching that one who clings to their life will lose it, while those who surrender it for His sake will find everlasting life. Never forget His benefits; these are rewards, surpassing what is deserved. He responds to evil with good; contemplate how you may have returned evil for His goodness. Once an enemy, yet redeemed, consider not only the good He grants but your own shortcomings and how you owe your very existence and nature to Him. Return unto Him His image, for that is all He desires from you.

Reflect on the blessings of God while acknowledging your sins, for with each offense, His goodness shines stubbornly brighter. What true gift can you offer Him? You ponder this and settle on, “I will accept the cup of salvation.” However, it is indeed the Lord who bestows the cup that heals. If you seek to offer Him something from yourself, remember that your blessings stem from His grace, not your own merit. You cannot repay Him with what is inherently His, as your existence and everything good originate from Him. As if offering an ear of grain from the field, that which is truly His, can you give back from your own? And if you were to offer a sacrifice borne of falsehood, remember that a lie comes from one’s own self. (John 8:44) However, to accept the cup of salvation is to embody the Passion of the Lord. To sips the cup of Christ means partaking in His sufferings. Be cautious, lest you falter. Yet I will call upon the Lord. Those who waver have failed to call upon Him and relied solely on their strength. Return, and remember that giving back what you have received is part of blessing Him. Therefore, let your soul bless the Lord, that you may not overlook His goodness.

Consider His gifts: He forgives all your sins and heals your ailments. (Psalm 101:3) Ponder His gifts—what would a sinner deserve if not punishment for their wrongdoings? What should await the blasphemer but a fiery hell? Yet He withholds such judgment, shielding you from fear, extending His mercy. Even in sin’s remnants still present in you, you remain in His midst, contending with temptation. Some desires entice, while others repel you, leading to conflict. Do not fear, for He heals all your infirmities. Fear not; no ailment is beyond the reach of the Divine Healer. Understand that no illness is deemed untreatable by the Almighty Physician—trust in His healing, enduring His hand even in processes that may be painful. His care for you does not waver; continue in faith, for the promise of healing is trustworthy. Unlike earthly healers, who may misjudge the body, your Creator knows you intimately—He knows even your soil and your spirit.

He will redeem your life from destruction. (Psalm 101:4) A corrupted body binds the soul. (Wisdom 9:15) The soul, anguished by the weight of mortality, is made to wrestle with burdens far from God. Such distress creates barriers that hinder thinking of God—merely mere distractions. The heart is overrun by the trials of corruption, swarming with sin. Acknowledge the gravity of your plight and then give praise to the great Physician. Wouldn’t the Creator, who fashioned you for health, bring restoration if you observe the principles of goodness He has laid out for you? Consider yourselves first. When trouble arises within your domicile or your being, redirect your focus. Often one is encouraged to prioritize their health, despite temptations of distraction. Heed this call: if you are well, return to Christ, who embodies health itself. Accept willingly the cup of salvation, offered by Him who mends all your sickness; it requires only your willingness to reach for it. For your existence has been redeemed—let free of the burden, your soul find rest in Him. The agreement for your salvation is set; no deceit exists, nor oppression from your Redeemer. The only Son of God shed His blood for you—let your soul awaken to acknowledge its immeasurable worth, as He redeems you from decay.

He adorns you with love and compassion. Should you feel pride arise within upon hearing “He crowns you,” remember that your strength comes solely from Him. His crowning acknowledges His gifts, not your achievements. Just like the Apostle Paul stated, “I labored more than anyone else, yet it is not I, but the grace of God within me.” (1 Corinthians 15:10) Rejoice in His grace, and maintain humility; let all glory be to God as you recall His benefactions. It is indeed a reward to be summoned to righteousness—noticing when you are uplifted and guided to stand firm in trials. It is a promise of even your very body being awakened once more, where not a single hair of your head will fade away. To be raised and praised eternally by God is the ultimate reward of His love.

After the struggle, the reward will come—every good thing He satisfies. (Psalm 102:5) Seek what is good for your soul. Each creature knows different goods; for some, it means filling their stomachs and filling their needs. Understanding that various goods contribute to the completeness of creation is crucial. Yet there is but one true good, which is God. (Matthew 19:17) Pursue what is highest and seek not the lesser goods. God provides all good, but seek the highest goodness, one that transcends mere bodily satisfaction. Can you, as a joint heir of Christ, draw joy from transient pleasures? Rather, elevate your hopes towards the highest good. Through Him we are made good, and through Him all occupy their rightful place in goodness, for God saw all that He created and declared it very good.

Your desires for goodness will be fulfilled. The renewal of your youth resembles that of the eagle. When will that occur? When your soul is fully satiated, your youth shall rejuvenate. And like the eagle, He speaks to us of a resurrection. Though eagles renew their vigor, it doesn’t speak to immortality—its transformation is a metaphor for a greater reality. The eagle, burdened with age, faces limitations due to its outgrown beak. To regain its vitality, it strikes against a stone to trim the excess—this action restores its ability to thrive and fly once more. This reflects a resurrection akin to the cyclical nature of life, like the moon waxing and waning, enduring yet ever temporary. Thus we too seek renewal, for our burdens will not weigh against us if we remember that the stone—the foundation of our faith—is Christ. (1 Corinthians 10:4) In Christ, our youth is renewed.

The Lord showcases mercy and justice towards those burdened by sin. (Psalm 102:6) Consider the woman set for judgment, brought before the Lawgiver. Christ, bowing to earth, wrote upon the ground, signifying the contrast between stone—the rigidity of the Law—and earth—the softness of grace. The woman’s rightful punishment beckoned, yet Jesus posed a different reality: “Let those without sin cast the first stone.” (John 8:7) When the self-righteous questioned their own hearts, they were forced to stand down. It was not the feeble woman who was guilty, but the sins lurking in their hearts. They sought justice but met the Rock upon which judgment crumbled.

Exhibit mercy towards the wicked, not a love born out of their wickedness. Do not accept individuals for their sins, nor offer kindness simply for their faults, yet share with those who ask in Christ’s name. This may seem contradictory, but through Christ’s lens, it becomes clear. Offer not from a heart that embraces sin, but distinguish between those who seek healing and those indulging in their transgressions. To give without understanding is to support that which is wrong. There is a call for discernment with both the righteous and the sinner. A righteous person is received in their righteousness, bearing in mind their divine call as servants of God. (1 Corinthians 4:1) Those who do so shall not lose their reward, however, if one receives a sinner with hidden intent, they may nullify their own gain.

Therefore, be not afraid to show mercy generously. Extend compassion, even towards adversaries. For those under your authority, offer guidance with humility and love, nurturing their spirits while attending to their earthly needs. Remain steadfast, for even to endure difficulties caused by those whom you cannot control reflects true courage. He will display mercy to you if you practice it; for your heavenly Father assures His justice. Reflect upon this: while offenses may go unpunished now, vengeance belongs to the Lord. (Deuteronomy 32:35)

The Lord revealed His ways to Moses. (Psalm 102:7) The Law exists to discern the sick and draw them towards the Divine Healer. His wisdom is hidden, as it serves to enlighten the sinner. Moses received the Law, which illuminated sin, revealing human infirmities. Yet the five books were meant to draw attention to our state, not just to cure us but to encourage us to seek His grace. The Law’s true purpose is to expose sin, inciting the humble to confession and healing—thus multiplying grace over sin. He has manifested His favor to Israel—those who walk in truth, the authentic Israelites without deceit. (John 1:47)

The Lord is compassionate, gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy. (Psalm 102:8) Why is His mercy so abundant? Because humanity sins yet continues to live. The sun shines equally on the righteous and the wicked. (Matthew 5:45) He calls all to repentance with the blessings of creation. The cries for correction ring out as He displays patience and compassion. However, be cautious of assuming upon His mercy to your detriment; as the Apostle warned, it may lead to wrath instead. Do not procrastinate in your return, lest you become complacent, for each day counts. Each day presents an opportunity for change, as you continually confront your failures.

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Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

The Creator and Artisan was compared in His compassion to a father, exhibiting the same gentle affection toward His servants as a father does for his children.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

The earthly father demonstrates generosity and compassion towards his children; when they err, he nurtures them, bearing with their faults, offering guidance, and interceding on their behalf. He has a genuine concern for their well-being, exhibiting patience, administering discipline, providing healing, and employing every means necessary for their correction and salvation. Consequently, just as an earthly father shows mercy to his children, so God extends His compassion and mercy even more profoundly to those who revere Him and adhere to His commandments. This comparison is not merely arbitrary but signifies the depths of divine compassion.

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The prophet Isaiah illustrates this further by highlighting the tender care of a mother, stating, “Would a woman forget her child, that she should not have mercy on the children of her womb? If she were to forget, yet will I not forget thee,” declares the Lord, demonstrating that divine mercy surpasses even a mother’s natural love for her offspring. Moreover, Jesus spoke to the Jewish people, saying, “If ye therefore, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask Him.” This indicates that just as there is a stark contrast between good and evil, there is an equally significant distinction between God's care and that of any earthly father.

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

In this passage, along with the two subsequent verses, the Prophet elucidates the third name of God, which is patience, drawing a fitting analogy from earthly parents. No beings exhibit such grandeur and forbearance as parents do when it comes to their children. Their love, whether paternal or maternal, drives them to labor tirelessly and selflessly to bring joy to their little ones, enduring even the most trying behaviors with grace. Just as earthly parents are filled with compassion for their infants, supporting their weaknesses with unwavering love, our Lord extends His mercy to those who revere Him, viewing their failings not as transgressions but as the frailties of young ones.

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He understands our nature; He is fully aware that we were formed from dust, that we possess mortal bodies, and that we are susceptible to many weaknesses, all of which elicit His sorrow. I will recall that we are like feathers—created from fragile material, thereby inherently weak and perishable. To further illustrate our susceptibility, he offers another comparison:

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

Psalm, inspired by the Holy Spirit and penned by David, serves as a heartfelt expression of praise and gratitude to God for His immeasurable goodness that abundantly flows onto humanity across the ages through the Source of all goodness, our Lord Jesus Christ. Inwardly, we employ the faculties of our soul—reason, will, and memory—to extol God in the unity of the Holy Trinity. Through holy baptism and genuine repentance, our sins are cleansed. Christ bore the infirmities of sin on His body and suffered greatly for our sake, and by His wounds, we are healed (Isaiah 53:5). With Christ's incarnation, humanity is liberated from the decay of death.

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The compassion and generosity of Christ manifest in the outpouring of His pure blood, which enables humanity to attain the honor of the heavenly crown. In the Holy Church, He bestows upon believers His divine mysteries through the grace of the Holy Spirit. The ultimate fulfillment lies in the Body and Blood of Christ. Just as an eagle is renewed by its nature, so too will humanity be revitalized by God's grace, rising from the dead. In the future, the bodies of the righteous will be resurrected like the glorified body of Christ, which was revealed after His resurrection and the descent of the Holy Spirit. The Lord will redeem humanity through His suffering, vanquishing the demons who have opposed Him. Instruction given to Moses revealed the deeper meanings behind the symbols of the law, foreshadowing future blessings: the sea symbolizes the baptism, manna represents the Body of Christ, and water from the rock signifies the Life-giving Blood of Christ (Chrysostom). The New Testament unveils the complete truth and righteousness within His Church and the Gospel, which presents the way, the truth, and the life of the one true God. God is compassionate, patiently awaiting the sinner's repentance, ready to accept the contrite. Humanity was fashioned in the divine image to inherit God's likeness through a life of asceticism. Though God cast Adam from paradise, He restored him to it. Likewise, God shows mercy to those who repent, cherishes the righteous, and even bestows gifts of foresight and miracles to His faithful on earth.

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

The Lord approaches us with compassionate mercy and paternal kindness, fully aware of our vulnerabilities, which are intrinsic to our being, as we are formed from delicate material. In our state before the fall, our fragile existence was safeguarded from death solely by God's grace, through the tree of life. However, following the fall into sin, as represented by Adam, it has been declared to each of us, ‘Thou art the ground, and into the ground thou shalt depart (Genesis 3:19).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.