The Church Fathers on this verse

Revelation 14:13Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And I heard a voice from heaven, saying to me: Write: Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord. From henceforth now, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labours. For their works follow them.

Douay-Rheims

και ηκουσα φωνης εκ του ουρανου λεγουσης λεγουσης μοι γραψον μακαριοι οι νεκροι οι εν κυριω αποθνησκοντες απ αρτι λεγει ναι ναι λεγει το πνευμα ινα αναπαυσωνται εκ των κοπων αυτων τα δε εργα αυτων ακολουθει μετ αυτων

Greek (Byzantine text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

8 Church Fathers comment on this verse · 9 commentaries

Andrew of Caesarea

6th centuryChurch Father

The heavenly voice does not call all blessed, but only those who, having put themselves to death to the world, die in the Lord. They bear in their body the death of Jesus and suffer together with Christ.

For them, departure from the body is truly rest from labors. The results of their struggles are the cause of crowns and rewards of glory, surpassing all they endured in battle against the opposing powers.

For the apostle says: "The sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory that shall be revealed in us" (Rom 8:18).

Hoping to be counted worthy of such glory, we also must ceaselessly cry out to God: "Incline our hearts to Your testimonies. Turn away our eyes from seeing vanity" (Ps 118:36-37).

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And again: "Enter not into judgment with Your servants, for no living man shall be justified before You" (Ps 142:2). But by the wealth of Your compassions look upon us.

For to You belong mercy and dominion, and the Kingdom, and power, and glory of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, now and ever, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.

Oecumenius

6th centuryChurch Father

God blesses those who chose not to worship the image of the beast and not to receive his mark on their forehead and hand, and who were killed for this. For, having been counted worthy of the crown of martyrdom, they received the same lot as the martyrs.

Primasius of Hadrumetum

6th centuryChurch Father

Those are said to have died in the Lord who were found worthy in faith and life. Therefore they deserved to be called.

Then it follows: "Yes, says the Spirit, they will rest from their labors." As he said that sinners will find no rest day or night, so here he says that the blessed have merited rest from their good works.

He must have mentioned sinners in order to emphasize the fullness of the blessed one's happiness. Because they consist of leaders and people, he mentions both together here, first speaking indefinitely: "Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord."

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But concerning those who labored in the vineyard, he says that they will rest from their labors. He so clearly gives the promise of blessedness that he promises those who labored in the vineyard a special fruit of rest after labor.

Therefore the apostle says: "We ask you to respect those who labor among you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish you, and to esteem them very highly in love because of their work" (1 Thess 5:12-13).

And again of himself: "I labored more abundantly than all of them" (1 Cor 15:10). It is said: "And their works follow them." Of this the prophet says: "And direct the works of our hands for us" (Ps 89:17).

Beda Venerabilis

7th centuryChurch Father

Beautiful is the harmony of the preachers. One announces the coming of the Kingdom of the Lord, another the fall of the devil's city. This one announces flame to the impure, that one rest to the blessed.

The last utters a voice from heaven, commanding that what is worthy of eternal memory be entrusted to letters. "Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord."

I thank You, O Christ, who glorify in heaven those who have died in You on earth. How much more do those thank You who happily lay down their souls in Your faith and for it.

As John had already said that the impious will not obtain eternal rest, so on the other hand he teaches concerning the faithful. By the help of their former works, from now on, that is, from the time of death, they will rest.

For "He gives sleep to His beloved. Behold, the inheritance of the Lord" (Ps 126:2-3). Yet "the sluggard does not plow in winter. He will seek in summer, and there will be nothing" (Prov 20:4).

Dimitri of Rostov

17th centuryChurch Father

Who is blessed when he dies? The one who dies in the Lord. And who dies in the Lord? The one who is well pleasing to God and never sins mortally.

Who is well pleasing to God and never sins mortally? The one who keeps the thought of death before his eyes. For Scripture says: "Remember your end, and you will never sin" (Sir 7:39).

Nothing restrains a man from evil deeds and teaches him good ones so powerfully as the remembrance of death. It was not without reason that holy Chrysostom called death a teacher.

When Saint Paul was preaching the word of God in Troas, he prolonged his discourse until midnight. "During Paul's long discourse, a young man named Eutychus, sitting at the window, sank into sleep, and while asleep fell down from the third story and was taken up dead" (Acts 20:9).

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Saint Paul, before finishing the sermon, rose and went to the dead man. Someone might have said: "Holy Paul, you have the prophetic spirit and knew that this youth would live and rise. Leave him, then, and do not interrupt your preaching of the word of God until you finish it, until you conclude it with amen. When you say amen, then go to the dead man."

But Saint Paul, before finishing his words, stops the sermon and goes to the one who had fallen. Reflecting on this, Saint Chrysostom says: "This fall took the place of a teacher. The death of the fallen youth served as a teacher for the people."

And truly death is a teacher for all. A skillfully woven speech, a sweet-sounding word, or a lengthy sermon does not teach as the sight of death before men's eyes teaches.

Death becomes a teacher. Though its mouth is closed by deadness, its tongue unmoving and decayed, and its throat voiceless, still it cries louder than a trumpet, and its voice penetrates every heart. It cries with these words of Scripture: "Remember your end."

Therefore we shall not err if we call death a universal teacher, for it cries to everyone in the world: "You will die, you will die. By no devices will you escape death. Look at the dead corpse in the grave and heed what it tells you, if not by word, then by the very fact: I was as you are now. But as I am now, so you will soon be. What is mine today will be yours tomorrow. Remember your end, so that you may not sin. Remember death, so that you may not sin mortally."

Such a teacher death is for us. Death becomes a teacher.

Pharaoh, the enemy of God, once fell into grievous sins and did not wish to release the people of Israel from Egypt. Yet even unwillingly he released them. Who persuaded one so hardened? Who softened his stony heart? Who taught him to let them go? The death of the Egyptian firstborn, slain everywhere in one night by the hand of the angel. Death was his teacher (see Ex 12).

Saul also was hardened. But when he heard from the prophet Samuel about death, "Tomorrow," he said to him, "you and your sons shall die," he immediately fell to the ground and was afraid. Who taught such a proud and fearless sinner humility and fear? Death was his teacher (see 1 Sam 28:19-20).

Hezekiah fell ill, burdened by many sins. Isaiah, the prophet of God, came to him and said: "You shall die." And Hezekiah turned his face to the wall, wept, and prayed (2 Kgs 20:1-2). Who taught him such heartfelt contrition and compunctionate prayer? The prophetic word, "You shall die." Death was his teacher.

One may marvel at the wedding feast in the Gospel, which those invited refused, one excusing himself with a field, another with the purchase of oxen, and a third with marriage. But afterward many came from the crossroads, evil and good, without excuses or refusal, and "the wedding was filled with guests" (see Lk 14:16-24).

Who persuaded them? Who taught them not to refuse, but immediately to accept the invitation? They were taught by seeing the corpses of those who had been slain. For, as the Gospel narrates, the king was angry with those who did not come and, sending his servants, destroyed them. The others, seeing this, immediately went to the wedding. Their teacher was death.

You, my pious hearers, always remember the words of Scripture: "Remember your end, and you will never sin." Amen.

Borodin P.M.

19th centuryChurch Father

Whoever acquires Grace so that the Holy Spirit may rest within him, the Spirit will also give him rest from his labors. The fruits of this labor will enter eternity.

But whoever lays his soul into wood, hay, and straw (1 Cor 3:12) risks being harvested together with the earth to which he so diligently tried to cling.

Ivanov A.V.

19th centuryChurch Father

"Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord." The martyrs for Christ are glorified and called blessed, together with all the pious who die with faith in Christ and hope in God.

Philaret of Moscow (Drosdow)

19th centuryChurch Father

"Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord" (Rev 14:13).

It seems to us that nothing is more fearful than death, and nothing more terrible than the grave. Yet the word of God does not call the living blessed. It calls the dead blessed: "Blessed are the dead," the Spirit of the Lord Himself bears witness.

They are blessed already because, while we still sojourn in the land of exile, they have reached the heavenly Fatherland. We are cast upon the ever-tossing sea of life's cares, but they have already entered the quiet harbor of rest. We are in the bonds of the flesh, but they are in the freedom of the spirit.

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Look closely at the one lying in the grave. See how nothing of ours, nothing earthly, disturbs his mortal repose. Neither our joys nor our tears, neither our pleasures nor our sorrows, neither our prosperity nor our misfortunes disturb him. He is a stranger to all, above all, inaccessible to everything.

"Blessed are the dead."

But alas, this visible repose of perishable flesh, common to all the dead, is not always a sign of undisturbed spiritual peace in the soul loosed from the flesh. The dead no longer have our joys and sorrows. Yet joys or sorrows meet them in another world, when they stand before the throne of the all-knowing Judge and God.

Oh, what fearful sorrows and pains, unimaginable to us, will there surround the soul burdened with sins, bound by fleshly desires, and chained by passions to earthly delights. And what unspeakable joys the soul finds when it appears in the other world beneath the shelter of the Lord's grace, in the embrace of the mercy of the heavenly Father, and under the guidance and protection of the holy angels and the spirits of the righteous made perfect.

For this reason the Spirit of God calls only those dead blessed who die in the Lord: "Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord."

That is, blessed are those dead who during life were united to the Lord by living faith in Him. They preserved this faith until their last mortal breath, crossed the dust of death with it, and appeared with it before the throne of the Lord.

Blessed are those who, knowing the will of the Lord, strove to fulfill it throughout their whole life. They walked, according to the word of Scripture, blamelessly in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord.

Blessed are the dead who, lying upon the bed of death, could say with Samuel to all among whom they had passed their life: "Behold, answer against me before the Lord. Whose calf have I taken, or whose donkey? Whom have I wronged, or whom have I oppressed? From whose hand have I received a bribe?"

Blessed is the one of whom even an enemy can say nothing except what Saul, David's bitterest enemy, said to him: "You are more righteous than I; for you have repaid me good, whereas I have repaid you evil."

Blessed are the dead who bore with good courage the cross laid upon them by the providence of God. With equal love they received from the hand of the Lord both the consolations of joy and the cup of sorrow.

Blessed are those who, during their earthly pilgrimage, however pleasant it may have been through an abundance of earthly goods and joys, did not forget their heavenly Fatherland. They directed their thought toward it, sighed for it in their heart, and fixed their expectation and hope in it. In it they sought the inexhaustible treasure of their heart, and for the sake of acquiring it they were ready to sacrifice all the treasures of the world.

Blessed are those who, with all their striving for righteousness and piety, did not rely on their own righteousness. They sought justification in Christ Jesus, Whom God the Father set forth as propitiation through faith in His blood. Therefore, to the end of life they did not cease to be contrite over their voluntary and involuntary sins, to confess them before God, and to expect justification and mercy from Him alone.

"Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord."

To them the Lord Himself will say at His last Judgment, before the face of the whole world: "Come, you blessed of My Father, inherit the Kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world."

It is therefore clear that, in order to pass beyond the grave with good hope, one must dispose and prepare oneself for this on this side of the grave.

How is this to be done? As far as possible, one must detach and free oneself from attachment and passionate inclination to what is earthly, carnal, and sensible.

For "flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God" (1 Cor 15:50).

Since "according to His promise we await new heavens and a new earth, in which righteousness dwells" (2 Pet 3:13), we must seek righteousness, so that it may dwell in us.

Then we, together with it, may live after death in the kingdom of God. We must be animated by love for the good. We must do good works.

Perhaps some will think: how will the good works we have done in earthly life be useful to us beyond the grave?

Will they not remain on earth, like everything we have and do here?

No, brethren. Those who know the mysteries and judgments of God do not think so. They hold that good works pass beyond the grave with us.

A voice from heaven called those "blessed" who "die in the Lord," and promised them "rest." It gave this reason: "for their works follow them" (Rev 14:13).

Even if the material of some good works, for example alms that are given, belongs to the earth and remains upon it, the spirit of good works belongs to the soul, the heart, the will, and the conscience.

Therefore it is carried into eternity and manifests itself as peace of conscience, as holy strength of will, as joy of heart, and as blessedness of soul.

Yet we would deceive ourselves if we said: let us do good works, and this will be enough for our preparation for a hopeful death and blessed eternity.

The word of God says of God's law and of good works according to it: "The man who does them shall live by them" (Gal 3:12).

But it also says: "Whoever keeps the whole law, yet stumbles in one point, has become guilty of all" (Jas 2:10).

Who among us has not sinned in some "one point," and in more than one? Consequently, who has not damaged, more or less, even his own good works?

Who has not become guilty before the eternal justice of God? Guilt leads not to rest and blessedness, but to judgment and punishment.

Therefore in our preparation for the future there remains another important concern. We must seek to cleanse even our good works from sinful admixture, and to free ourselves from guilt.

But if our good works do not sufficiently help us, and even themselves require help, where shall we find sufficient help?

Can heaven and earth, and the angels themselves, make the guilty righteous and the sinner holy?

Certainly they cannot. What, then, will become of us?

Must we already confess that, because of the sinful corruption of our nature, we are lost beings?

In truth, we are lost beings. Only let this confession be without despair, and not without hope. From here the true path of salvation is revealed.

"For the Son of Man came to seek and to save what was lost" (Mt 18:11).

The incarnate Son of God frees us from guilt before eternal justice, since He is "the Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world" (Jn 1:29).

He grants strength, purity, and perfection to our good works, since "God sent His Son, that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit" (Rom 8:3-4).

He speaks to us, and His "words are spirit and life" (Jn 6:63).

He commands, and with the commandment joins blessedness and the kingdom of heaven: "Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven" (Mt 5:3).

He commands us to believe and promises: "He who believes in Me, though he die, yet shall he live" (Jn 11:25).

He calls us to follow Him and promises: "Where I am, there My servant will be also" (Jn 12:26).

He suffers on the Cross, and gives us the pattern and the power "to crucify the flesh with its passions and desires" (Gal 5:24).

He dies and rises, and He opens for us an easily passable path through the realm of death to eternal life.

Do you now see, Christian, what is most necessary for hopeful preparation for death and the life to come?

Believe in the Lord Jesus and call upon Him. Follow His teaching and example. Cleave to Him with memory, mind, and heart.

Then you will be able, without stumbling, to say with Saint Paul: "For me to live is Christ, and to die is gain." Amen.

On the day of the Last Judgment this hidden treasury will be opened. Or, in another expression of the Seer of Mysteries, "the book of life" will be opened.

It is written not with letters, but with moral deeds and thoughts.

Then man, whether he wishes it or not, will read in his opened conscience the deeds and thoughts of his past life.

Thus "men will be judged by what was written in the books" (Rev 20:12). In their opened conscience they will find for themselves either the judgment of eternal rest and blessedness, or the judgment of eternal rejection and torment.

There was a voice from heaven. The Seer of Mysteries heard it and lets us hear it also.

"Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord from now on. Yes, says the Spirit, that they may rest from their labors, for their works follow them" (Rev 14:13).

Hear this: "Blessed are those who die," but not all, only those "who die in the Lord."

Those who die "rest," but not all. Only those rest to whom the Spirit of God promises this, those whose "works follow them."

Who, then, are those who die in the Lord? Without doubt, they are those who lived in Christ the Lord.

They were clothed in Him by faith and baptism. They were mystically nourished by His life-giving Body and Blood. They prepared a dwelling for Him within themselves by love for Him.

What are the "works" that "follow those who die"?

Certainly they are not works of the flesh, which decay and corrupt. They are not works of earthly gain and sensual self-love, dead and death-bearing.

They are living works of the spirit: works of repentance, faith, and love for God and neighbor.

Therefore whoever does not wish to kill his own hope for the future must attentively examine and arrange his life and works in due time.

He must do this so that he may die in the Lord, pass beyond the boundary of the grave accompanied by the works of life, and so be able to hear the voice of the Spirit of God.

Rest from the labors of temporal life in the hope of eternal blessedness.

Let us observe more carefully, hearers, in the words of the Spirit, the nature of this blessed death.

"Blessed are the dead who die." Who are these dead who die?

They are those who "were buried with Christ by baptism into death" (Rom 6:4). Against the universal mortal disease, inevitable after sin, the only remedy is to graft oneself into the saving death of Christ.

They are those who "have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires" (Gal 5:24).

They are those who no longer "live," but in whom "Christ lives" (Gal 2:20).

To the extent that their "outer man is wasting away," the "inner man is being renewed" (2 Cor 4:16). Therefore the complete putting off of the death-bearing remnants of the first will be the perfect triumph of the latter.

With joyful submission to the will of the Lord, they will put off the garment of the body and rest in peace.

They will rest until He, having washed it in the stream of corruption, returns it to them incorrupt and radiant.

"Yes, says the Spirit, that they may rest" (Rev 14:13).

O blessed Sabbath for those who have not wasted the days of labor.

They have borne the heat of day and the cold of night. They have labored to the point of sweat, fought to the point of blood, and kept vigil to the point of exhaustion.

Now they will no longer bear any burdens imposed by the world and the flesh.

They will not go out to gather food for themselves, but will eat of the manna prepared by the Lord.

No passion will kindle a fire in them, except the fire that burns before the Lord. No enemy will reach them.

"That they may rest from their labors" (Rev 14:13).

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Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.

The original text

Greek text, 34 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.

  1. Καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  2. ἤκουσα
    ēkousa
    I hear
    G191 · ἀκούω
  3. φωνῆς
    phōnēs
    a sound
    G5456 · φωνή
  4. ἐκ
    ek
    from out
    G1537 · ἐκ
  5. τοῦ
    tou
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  6. οὐρανοῦ
    ouranou
    the sky
    G3772 · οὐρανός
  7. λεγούσης
    legousēs
    I say
    G3004 · λέγω
  8. Γράψον
    grapson
    I write
    G1125 · γράφω
  9. Μακάριοι
    makarioi
    happy
    G3107 · μακάριος
  10. οἱ
    hoi
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  11. νεκροὶ
    nekroi
    dead
    G3498 · νεκρός
  12. οἱ
    hoi
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  13. ἐν
    en
    in
    G1722 · ἐν
  14. Κυρίῳ
    kyriō
    lord
    G2962 · κύριος
  15. ἀποθνῄσκοντες
    apothnēskontes
    I am dying
    G599 · ἀποθνήσκω
  16. ἀπ᾽
    ap
    from
    G575 · ἀπό
  17. ἄρτι
    arti
    now
    G737 · ἄρτι
  18. Ναί
    nai
    yes
    G3483 · ναί
  19. λέγει
    legei
    I say
    G3004 · λέγω
  20. τὸ
    to
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  21. Πνεῦμα
    pneuma
    wind
    G4151 · πνεῦμα
  22. Ἵνα
    hina
    in order that
    G2443 · ἵνα
  23. ἀναπαήσονται
    anapaēsontai
    I make to rest
    G373 · ἀναπαύω
  24. ἐκ
    ek
    from out
    G1537 · ἐκ
  25. τῶν
    tōn
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  26. κόπων
    kopōn
    trouble
    G2873 · κόπος
  27. αὐτῶν
    autōn
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  28. τὰ
    ta
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  29. γὰρ
    gar
    for
    G1063 · γάρ
  30. ἔργα
    erga
    work
    G2041 · ἔργον
  31. αὐτῶν
    autōn
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  32. ἀκολουθεῖ
    akolouthei
    I accompany
    G190 · ἀκολουθέω
  33. μετ᾽
    met
    with
    G3326 · μετά
  34. αὐτῶν
    autōn
    he
    G846 · αὐτός