The Church Fathers on this verse

Song of Songs 3:11Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Go forth, ye daughters of Sion, and see king Solomon in the diadem, wherewith his mother crowned him in the day of his espousal, in the day of the joy of his heart.

Douay-Rheims

צְאֶ֧ינָה ׀ וּֽרְאֶ֛ינָה בְּנ֥וֹת צִיּ֖וֹן בַּמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה בָּעֲטָרָ֗ה שֶׁעִטְּרָה־לּ֤וֹ אִמּוֹ֙ בְּי֣וֹם חֲתֻנָּת֔וֹ וּבְי֖וֹם שִׂמְחַ֥ת לִבּֽוֹ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

6 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

The gold represents a spiritual union that is both magnificent and divine. The ark in the wilderness was adorned with gold both inside and out, symbolizing this sacred union. The color purple corresponds to the vast number of those invited into the kingdom. When anyone places their faith in Him, they welcome Christ into their heart, who is likened to a precious pearl. He declares that for the daughters of Jerusalem, He has established one profound love: For God so loved the world, that He sent His only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have everlasting life (John 3:16).

The Church, emerging from the Gentiles, proclaims, Go and see (Song of Songs 3:10). However, the day signifying His marriage is, in fact, the day of His suffering, when He united Himself with the Church through His blood.

Gregory of Nyssa

4th centuryChurch Father

The following segment presents a call from the bride to the daughters of Jerusalem. Just as the Apostle Paul regarded it as a personal loss if he did not share all his blessings with others, stating, “Be ye as I am: for I also” was once like you, and encouraging them to, “Be ye imitators of me, as I am of Christ,” so too does the loving bride, having partaken in the Divine Mysteries of the Lord herself, urge the young women (representing the souls of the redeemed) to escape the confines of this earthly existence. She implores them to emerge from the shadows of the natural world and witness a wondrous reality.

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As daughters of Zion, they are invited to behold the crown fitting for the King's head, which His mother placed upon Him in accordance with the Prophet’s proclamation: “Thou hast laid on His head a crown of honest stone.”

Indeed, a discerning individual reflecting on the divine will recognize that the reference to the mother rather than the father carries the same significance, as God transcends gender. How could we conceive of such distinctions in the Godhead when, in humanity, these differences are put aside, and in Christ we all become one, with the markers of the old self being shed? Every title ultimately points towards an incorruptible essence, as neither male nor female can tarnish the essence of pure divinity. Thus, the Gospel speaks of the Father hosting a marriage feast, while the prophet states that a crown of pure gold is placed upon His head—attributing this act to the mother of the Bridegroom. Since there exists but one marriage, one bride, and one crown adorning the Bridegroom, it remains inconsequential whether we refer to the Only Begotten as the Son of God or, as Paul notes, the Son of His love, for either label conveys a singular divine authority to dwell among us.

Encouraging the young women, the bride calls out: “Come forth and be ye daughters of Zion,” so that from the heights of this stronghold, they may witness the magnificent spectacle of the crowned Bridegroom. The Church, which is the crown for Him, encircles His head adorned with living stones. Love is the entity that bears this crown, and to call it mother or love is to speak truthfully, for, as stated in John, “the God of Love is” (1 John 4:8). The bride proclaims that with such a crown, the Bridegroom rejoices in this matrimonial adornment, for He has chosen to take the Church as His companion, crowned with the virtues of the most noble. It is fitting to conclude with these esteemed words: “Daughters of Zion, come forth and see King Solomon in the crown with which His mother crowned Him on the day of His betrothal and the day of the gladness of His heart.”

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

When the bride is led into the chamber of the bridegroom, a joyful wedding song emerges from the daughters of Jerusalem, proclaiming, "Come and behold King Solomon adorned with the crown his mother placed upon his head on his wedding day." They sing this marriage hymn and invite the heavenly hosts or souls to witness the profound love Christ holds for the daughters of Jerusalem. Thus, it is fitting for Him to receive a crown from His Mother as the Son of love. As the Apostle Paul indicates, God has rescued us from the dominion of darkness and transferred us into the kingdom of His beloved Son (Col. 1:13).

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Therefore, He is indeed the Son of love and embodies love itself, not merely possessing it as an incidental quality but encompassing it within His very essence, which He describes as a kingdom for which He proclaims, "I was born for this purpose" (John 18:37). Hence, the call is made, "Come"—that is, shed the burdens and distractions of this world, free yourselves from physical constraints, escape the allure of worldly vanity, and witness the magnitude of the love of the King-Maker on His day of union. Observe His glory, as He has granted resurrection to the bodies and united souls to Himself. This crown represents the ultimate struggle, the magnificent gift of marriage that Christ offers—His blood and suffering. What greater gift could He, who did not withhold Himself but willingly embraced death for our sake, provide?

Cyrill of Jerusalem

4th centuryChurch Father

Every monarch is recognized as a champion, and Jesus was destined to wear the crown of a champion. This is why the Scripture declares in the Song, ‘Come and see, O ye daughters of Zion, King Solomon wearing the crown with which his mother crowned him’ (Song 3:11). The significance of the crown lies in its mysterious power, as it grants liberation from sins and freedom from the sentence of death.

Rufinus of Aquileia

5th centuryChurch Father

It is recorded that they placed a crown of thorns upon Him (Mark 15:17). In support of this, listen to the voice of the Father in the Song of Songs, lamenting the sin of Jerusalem while reflecting on the disgrace of the Son: Come and see, O daughters of Jerusalem, the crown with which His mother adorned Him (cf. Song 3:11).

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

Solomon's bridal procession unfolds. Following the trail of delightful incense, the splendid royal litter emerges, where King Solomon is seated alongside his beloved, flanked by his attendants. The citizens of Jerusalem call upon the daughters of Zion to witness this glorious event.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.