1 Kingdoms (1 Samuel) 1:7Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Listen to what follows. The Scripture states, “from year to year,” indicating a considerable duration, during which she went to the house of the Lord and wept, expressing deep sorrow without eating. This was a profound grief, extending not just a few days but for many years; indeed, she mourned for a substantial time. Despite this lengthy period of grief and the scorn from her adversary, she did not waver in her resolve; she continually prayed and sought the Lord. What stands out, illustrating her devotion to God, is that her desire for a child was not merely for personal fulfillment but was a commitment to dedicate her offspring to the Lord, offering the fruit of her womb as a sacred gift, with the hope of receiving the blessings that come from such a vow. This is evident from the subsequent words.

The term ‘contend’ (aemulare) encompasses three distinct interpretations. Firstly, it conveys the idea of ‘being jealous’ (imitari), as exemplified by Paul’s exhortation: “Be zealous for the greater gifts” (1 Cor. 12:31). Similarly, it is noted that “It is good to be jealous of good things always” (Gal. 4:18). Secondly, it can denote ‘envy’ or ‘withholding out of spite’ (invidere), which may extend even towards foes, as illustrated by Samuel’s words to Saul: “Now the Lord has torn away the kingdom of Israel from thee, and given it to thy neighbour” (1 Samuel 15:28). Furthermore, the figure of Fennana, representing the synagogue, caused distress to Annas due to her barrenness and lack of children; her rival (aemula) deeply troubled her, provoking complaints.