The Church Fathers on this verse

Amos 1:8Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And I will cut off the inhabitant from Azotus, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ascalon: and I will turn my hand against Accaron, and the rest of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord God.

Douay-Rheims

וְהִכְרַתִּ֤י יוֹשֵׁב֙ מֵֽאַשְׁדּ֔וֹד וְתוֹמֵ֥ךְ שֵׁ֖בֶט מֵֽאַשְׁקְל֑וֹן וַהֲשִׁיב֨וֹתִי יָדִ֜י עַל־עֶקְר֗וֹן וְאָֽבְדוּ֙ שְׁאֵרִ֣ית פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

2 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

He notes that Gaza, along with other cities, will face destruction by fire, and the Azotians along with the tribe of Ascalon will meet their end, while Akkaron will fall under the authority of the conqueror. Additionally, the rest of their fellow countrymen will also suffer the same fate, for it is likely that some nearby tribes received compensation from them and were called upon for assistance. Thus, it is indeed a serious and perilous matter to form alliances with the wicked, to take up arms alongside them against God's chosen ones, and to persecute the saints. Although we may endure hardships due to our transgressions and receive correction from God, He will not totally forsake those He has claimed as His own.

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After providing them with necessary guidance, He will bring an end to those destined for wrath—those filled with unchecked rage against His people. This aligns perfectly with the poignant declaration made about Babylon regarding the children of Israel: “I have brought my people into your hands, but you have not shown them mercy” (Isaiah 47:6). For it is truly displeasing to God and stirs His anger to witness the cruelty exhibited by those tasked with carrying out His will.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Thus declares the Lord, "For the three transgressions of Gaza, and for the four, I will not relent, because they have taken a complete captivity, imprisoning my people in Idumea. I will ignite a fire upon the walls of Gaza, consuming all its structures. I will eradicate the inhabitants of Azotus, and the one who holds the scepter in Ascalon. I shall direct My hand against Akkaron, and the remaining Philistines will be destroyed," says the Lord. The Lord threatens in the law to visit the sins of the parents upon the children to the third and fourth generation not due to a lack of fairness in His judgment, but rather because of His immense mercy; He always longs for repentance and only disciplines in these later generations the iniquities committed in earlier ones.

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The Apostle Paul echoes this sentiment to the Romans, "Or do you despise the riches of His goodness and tolerance and patience, not knowing that the goodness of God leads you to repentance? But because of your stubbornness and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of God's wrath, when His righteous judgment will be revealed. God will repay each person according to what they have done" (Romans 2:4-6). The essence of these words conveys that I have awaited their repentance for a long time, not wishing to punish their sins, so they might ultimately turn back and be healed. Yet, since they continue in their transgressions for the third and fourth time, I am compelled to act in judgment.

Let us now contemplate the sins of the Philistines and their cities, who are consistently referred to as foreigners in the LXX translation. Throughout the Old Testament where 'ἀλλοφύλους' appears, it specifically denotes the Philistines, now known as Palestinians. What actions did Gaza take that provoked the Lord’s wrath? She led away the complete captivity of the people of Judah, selling the captives to the Idumeans. While LXX translates 'perfect captivity' as 'the captivity of Solomon,' understanding the Hebrew word 'salma,' which means perfect or complete, as referring to Solomon. Aquila translated it as 'fully furnished,' while others like Simmachus and Theodotion used 'perfect,' suggesting there was no captive left who had not been handed over to the Idumeans. Thus, He declares His intent to unleash fire upon the walls and structures of Gaza, which will consume all that exists.

As we read about the five cities of Palestine being judged for their offense against the ark (1 Sam. 5), the Lord progresses to Azotus, referred to as 'Esdod,' and then to Ascalon, threatening to obliterate the inhabitants of Azotus and the one who wields the scepter in Ascalon, ensuring none shall remain, not even the elderly who rely on staffs for support. Again, He raises His hand against Akkaron. Having recounted these four cities, He encompasses the other Philistine cities by stating, "the rest of the Philistines shall perish," which may refer either to the city of Geth or to all the dependent villages of those cities.

In an allegorical interpretation, Gaza, known as 'Aza' in Hebrew, symbolizes strength or power; Solomon signifies peace; Idumea represents bloodshed and earthiness; Azoth, or 'Esdod,' symbolizes the fire of lineage; Ascalon connotes “man-killing fire,” while Akkaron implies barrenness and eradication. Thus, Gaza, boasting of her knowledge and authority, is charged with having imprisoned the captives of Solomon's lineage in Idumea. Such teachers of the Jews and their followers cling to the dead letter, refusing the life-giving Spirit, interpreting all things in an earthly sense. They disregard the call of the Lord alongside the apostles, who explain the parables, saying, "He that hath ears to hear, let him hear" (Matt. 11:15). The Apostle contrasts the historical with the two covenants: one pertaining to Mount Sinai, representing bondage, and the other to the free Jerusalem, mother of us all (Gal. 4).

Therefore, it is declared that He will send fire on Gaza’s walls, aimed at all her arguments that attempt to defend her falsehoods. This consuming fire will undermine all that she has built upon human reasoning. He will likewise bring destruction upon the inhabitants of Azotus, part of the foreigners, for they who cling to the letter will find their hopes unfulfilled, filled instead with fury, as they falsely lay claim to lineage while facing the flames of judgment. The Lord will dismantle the power or tribe of Ascalon, where man-killing fire prevails, as the divine fire saves those whose hearts it touches, while the fire that descends from heaven will ignite the arrows of the adversary, annihilating those it ensnares. He will also raise His hand against Akkaron, a place of barrenness and annihilation, for those who neglect the spiritual essence will hear the words of Hosea, "Give them, O Lord. What shall You give them? Give them a barren womb and dry breasts" (Hosea 9:14). In summary, He proclaims the destruction of all that remains of the Philistines—be it the city of Geth, representative of the devil's furnace, or all other Philistines, whose name signifies a fall from grace; intoxicated, they are destined to collapse and lie in their disgrace.

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Passages read together with this verse.