THEOSISJerome of Stridon
When they stumble, they will find themselves supported by only a small measure of assistance, and many will join them outwardly. Among the wise, some will succumb to trials, undergoing purification and guidance until the appointed time arrives, for a future moment awaits. Porphyry suggests that the meager support refers to Mattathias from the village, or mountain, of Modinus, who opposed the rulers of Antiochus and sought to serve the one true God. It is deemed minimal support because Mattathias perished in battle, and his son Judah, known as Maccabeus, also fell in combat, while his other brothers were ensnared by the tactics of their foes. One may reference the Maccabean texts for further details.
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This, he states, was for the testing and selection of the saints, as well as their conviction until the destined moment arrives, since victory is postponed until that time. Some of our scholars interpret this small help as concerning the period of the Antichrist, where the gathered saints will stand against him, yet will find little assistance, and many learned individuals will falter. This will serve to refine them as if in a furnace, leading them to conviction and selection until the designated time, for the true triumph will coincide with Christ's return. Certain Jewish traditions associate this with the emperors Severus and Antoninus, who had a favorable disposition towards the Jews, while others link it to the emperor Julian, who would emerge after the Jews suffered oppression under Gaius Caesar and endured numerous tribulations of captivity, feigning affection for them and vowing to perform sacrifices in their temple. In him, they will possess scant hope for aid, and many Gentiles will ally with them, albeit deceitfully. Instead of genuine worship, they will outwardly display favor toward him. This behavior will reveal those who have endured the trial, for their true salvation and support will be found in Christ, whom they will mistakenly identify as coming at the moment they accept the Antichrist.