The Church Fathers on this verse

Deuteronomy 21:20Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And shall say to them: This our son is rebellious and stubborn, he slighteth hearing our admonitions, he giveth himself to revelling, and to debauchery and banquetings:

Douay-Rheims

וְאָמְר֞וּ אֶל־זִקְנֵ֣י עִיר֗וֹ בְּנֵ֤נוּ זֶה֙ סוֹרֵ֣ר וּמֹרֶ֔ה אֵינֶ֥נּוּ שֹׁמֵ֖עַ בְּקֹלֵ֑נוּ זוֹלֵ֖ל וְסֹבֵֽא׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

2 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

It is not merely instructed that a son who has wronged his parents ought to face death, nor that the executioners should take him from the court, escort him through the public square, and behead him outside the city. Rather, it is the father himself who should bring him into the heart of the city, standing as a credible witness without needing evidence: this is entirely just. A father who is prepared to sacrifice his wealth, his life, and everything he possesses for his son can never rightfully accuse him, unless it is an unthinkable affront.

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

It is written, "Honour thy father and thy mother... that thy days may be long in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee" (Ex. 20:12). In establishing life and longevity as a reward for those who honor their parents, while imposing death as punishment for the disrespectful, the law employs fear as a means of guiding individuals toward righteousness. Additionally, it commands, "Whoever strikes his father or his mother shall be put to death. Whosoever shall speak evil against his father or his mother shall be put to death" (Ex. 21:15, 17). Clearly, all forms of wrongdoing against parents are met with equal consequences, highlighting the sacredness of the parental role, akin to the responsibilities owed to God.

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Just as transgressions against God—like slander—invite death and divine wrath, so too do offenses against one's parents. Those who reject God's commandments and provoke the source of moral direction fall to merciless judgments; similarly, one who disdains parental guidance meets a harsh fate as decreed by the Divine law.

In Deuteronomy, it is stated, "If any man has a son who is violent and disobedient, disobeying the voice of his father and the voice of his mother, and they have chastised him, but he does not heed them, let his father and his mother take him and bring him to the elders of his city and to the gate of his residence, and say to the elders of his city: ‘This son of ours is rebellious and disobedient, does not hearken to our words, a glutton and a drunkard’; then all the inhabitants of his city shall stone him to death; and so destroy evil from among yourselves, and all Israelites shall hear and fear" (Deut. 21:18-21). Can one doubt that respecting God inherently leads to honoring father and mother? It is affirmed by the wise adage that states, "Remember that thou art born of them" (Sir. 7:30), and by the patriarch Jacob, who modestly remarks, "If not... the fear of Isaac my father were I" (Gen. 31:42). The implication that we are born of them reveals that they represent the image of the Creator, the One who brought forth existence from nothingness. Therefore, our obligation to honour them with reverence elevates them, placing them in a dignity closely associated with the Lord.

This is supported by the observation of a writer who warns, "The eye that mocks the father and despises the mother shall be pecked out by the ravens of the valley" (Proverbs 30:17).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.