The Church Fathers on this verse

Deuteronomy 21:18Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

If a man have a stubborn and unruly son, who will not hear the commandments of his father or mother, and being corrected, slighteth obedience:

Douay-Rheims

כִּֽי־יִהְיֶ֣ה לְאִ֗ישׁ בֵּ֚ן סוֹרֵ֣ר וּמוֹרֶ֔ה אֵינֶ֣נּוּ שֹׁמֵ֔עַ בְּק֥וֹל אָבִ֖יו וּבְק֣וֹל אִמּ֑וֹ וְיסְּר֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמַ֖ע אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

2 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

It is not merely mandated that a son who has wronged his parents face death, nor that executioners should remove him from the court, escort him through the streets, and execute him outside the city. Rather, it is the father who must bring him into the heart of the city, bearing witness without the need for evidence, which is entirely fair. A father who is prepared to sacrifice his wealth, life, and everything he possesses for his son cannot justly be the one to accuse him unless it constitutes a severe affront.

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

It is stated, "Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the Lord your God gives you" (Ex. 20:12). Thus, the law establishes life and longevity as a reward and a selected gift of respect for those who honor their parents, while it decrees death for the arrogant and disrespectful, guiding them toward the right path through a healthy fear. The scriptures further declare, "Whoever strikes his father or his mother shall be put to death. Whoever speaks evil of his father or his mother shall be put to death" (Ex. 21:15, 17). It is evident that all sins committed against parents are met with severe punishment that underscores their rights, akin to those owed to God.

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Just as speaking against God is punished with death and great wrath, so too are offenses against parents. One who disregards God's commands and chooses to provoke the ultimate Judge faces a merciless end; likewise, one who scorns their parents' guidance shall meet a harsh fate as prescribed by Divine law. In Deuteronomy, it states: "If a man has a son who is stubborn and rebellious, who does not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his mother, and when they have chastened him he does not heed them, then his father and mother shall take hold of him and bring him out to the elders of his city at the gate of his home, and they shall declare to the elders of his city: ‘This son of ours is stubborn and rebellious, he will not listen to our voice; he is a glutton and a drunkard.’ Then all the men of his city shall stone him to death with stones; so you shall put away the evil from among you; and all Israel shall hear and fear" (Deut. 21:18-21). Can one still doubt that immediately following reverence for God comes the respect owed to parents? Palladius. No. The imperative to honor them is reinforced not only by the wise words, "Remember that you were born of them" (Sir. 7:30), but also by the patriarch Jacob, who humbly stated, “Unless the fear of Isaac my father had been with me” (Gen. 31:42). Cyril. Therefore, when we say that we are born of them, does it not clearly indicate that they reflect the likeness of the Divine Companion, the one who brought forth what did not previously exist? And the necessity of honoring them with reverence elevates their status almost to that of the Lord Himself? P. Indeed, it does. For this reason, a wise author declares, "The eye that mocks a father, and despises obedience to a mother, shall be pecked out by the ravens of the valley" (Proverbs 30:17).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.