THEOSISTheodoret of Cyrus
God instructs that the priests are to receive areas of land on the outskirts of the city, extending ten thousand cubits from east to west and from north to south, with a total of twenty-five thousand cubits. This provision allows them, as it is written, to utilize the tithes and the offerings of the firstborn, ensuring their sustenance from the land, fostering a life of contentment, a love for righteousness, and a desire for moderation, while protecting the community from offense. The Lord God declares, Ezekiel 45:9, that the elders of Israel must reject wickedness and malevolence; instead, they are to pursue justice and righteousness, removing violence from among the people.
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He then establishes regulations about weights and measures, emphasizing that fairness and equity must prevail in these practices. He decrees that there should be uniformity in measurement for both receiving and giving. He clarifies that a kor consists of ten homors, where each homor contains ten quinixes, resulting in a total of one hundred quinixes per kor, and indicates that an ephi is equivalent to one quinix. Additionally, it is ordained that fifty shekels equal a mina, with each shekel divided into twenty ovols.
He designates ten kotyls of oil as one homor, determining it to be a tenth of a korah. Furthermore, he commands that the offerings of wheat and barley should be one-sixth of the homor, which equates to half of the medimn—since there are thirty medimn in a korah, making the homor a tenth of the korah, thus necessitating that the homor contains three medimn, with one-half of three medimn equating to one-half of the medimn. It is mandated that from ten kotyls, one kotyl is to be offered, and similarly, from a flock, a tenth of a sheep.
All these donations, it is stated, should be given to the elder for the necessary sacrifices so that he can perform them during feasts, new moons, and sabbaths, interceding for the people before God. Subsequently, he instructs what is to occur in the new month of the tenth month, on the fourteenth day, and in the seventh month, referring to the offering for the seventh month as a sacrifice. As it is recorded: "The sacrifice of unleavened bread to the calf, and of unleavened bread to the ram, and of oil to the unleavened calf"; in the translation found, it equates to gemina.