The Church Fathers on this verse

Genesis 25:6Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And to the children of the concubines he gave gifts, and separated them from Isaac his son, while he yet lived, to the east country.

Douay-Rheims

וְלִבְנֵ֤י הַפִּֽילַגְשִׁים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאַבְרָהָ֔ם נָתַ֥ן אַבְרָהָ֖ם מַתָּנֹ֑ת וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵ֞ם מֵעַ֨ל יִצְחָ֤ק בּנוֹ֙ בְּעוֹדֶ֣נּוּ חַ֔י קֵ֖דְמָה אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ קֶֽדֶם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

5 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

The offspring of concubines also possess certain gifts. However, neither heretics nor those who are fleshly in nature will enter the promised kingdom, as there is only one heir, Isaac. It is not the children of the flesh who are regarded as the children of God, but rather the children of the promise (Romans 9:8). It is stated, "In Isaac shall your seed be called" (Genesis 21:12). I see no reason why Hittura, who married after the passing of her wife, is referred to as a concubine, except for this specific mystery. Even those who refuse to acknowledge this symbolism should refrain from criticizing Abraham. Might it be that this serves as a caution to future heretics, who oppose second marriages, by illustrating through the father of nations that remarrying after the death of a spouse is not sinful?

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Hittura translates to 'bound' or 'joined' in Hebrew. Consequently, the Jewish tradition suggests that Hittura refers to Hagar, who altered her name. Following Sarah's passing, she transitioned from being a concubine to becoming a wife. Additionally, the advanced age of the elderly Abraham likely alleviates the notion that, after the loss of his long-time spouse, he chose to pursue a new marriage for amusement. However, setting aside uncertainties, it can be stated that Abraham's sons, born of Hittite, according to Jewish historical records, inhabited regions including Τρωγλοδύτην and Arabia, presently known as Εὐδαίμων, extending as far as the Red Sea's boundaries.

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It is also noted that one of Abraham's descendants, named Afer, commanded an army against Libya and established a settlement there following his victory over adversaries. His descendants subsequently named the land Africa in honor of their forebear. This account is corroborated by historians such as Alexander, known as Polyhistor, and Cleodemus, referred to as Malchus, who chronicled the history of the barbarians in the Greek language. Regarding the biblical declaration, ‘The sons of Dadan were Asurim, Latusim, and Laomim,’ some interpret Asurim as 'traders,' Latusim as 'metalworkers of copper and iron,' and Laomim as 'leaders of many tribes and nations.' Others contend, based on this scripture, that the term Asurim pertains to the Syrians and that the majority of Abraham's line through Hittite made their homes in the territories of India.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Israel celebrated the fact that their treasures were not material wealth but the teachings of virtuous living. We shall adopt these virtues as our legacy, much like St. Abraham did with his son Isaac, establishing him as a wise and righteous steward of all he possessed, leaving no legacy to maidservants or their offspring, aside from gifts. Only the exemplary virtues are granted the full inheritance of glory, while the average virtues receive meager provisions. Therefore, Hagar, whose name signifies "foreigner" and "neighbor," along with Hittura, which means "fragrant," did not inherit. Those who engage in commonplace learning may be acquainted with wisdom yet do not immerse themselves in it.

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To merely appreciate a fragrance does not equate to feasting on the fruit; it is sustenance that imbues strength, for the scent serves only as a herald of the fruit. Thus, we understand that the foundational virtues should be prioritized over the secondary ones and the eternal over the temporal, in line with sensible interpretation. From a mystical viewpoint, Abraham, the father of many nations, bequeathed the entirety of faith’s inheritance to his rightful heir, Christ.

Dimitri of Rostov

17th centuryChurch Father

Following the passing of Sarah, Abraham acquired another wife named Hittura. The Sovereign Lord, wishing to increase the lineage of His servant, astonishingly restored to him the ability to father children, despite his advanced age. Abraham had sons with Hittura. When they grew up, he granted them gifts and sent them away, so they would not claim inheritance alongside his son Isaac. Abraham eventually passed away at a ripe old age of 175 years, and his sons Isaac and Ishmael laid him to rest in a cave, sweetened by the memories of the righteous Sarah's burial. Hittura, whom Abraham married after Sarah's death, is sometimes thought to be Hagar, his former concubine, whom he had sent away along with her son Ishmael during Sarah's lifetime. However, upon Sarah’s death, it appeared as though he took Hagar back, formalizing her as his wife once more under the name Hittura. There is no specific mention of this in Holy Scripture.

Philaret of Moscow (Drosdow)

19th centuryChurch Father

Concubines, specifically Hagar and Hittite, are notable figures. It is important to mention that Hittura, who became Abraham's wife upon Sarah's death, is referred to solely as a concubine since Abraham had no other spouse at that time. This distinction honors the principle of monogamy. He separated them from his son Isaac while he was still alive. In doing so, the Patriarch safeguarded the purity of tribes and inheritances, ensuring that the land assigned to Isaac by God remained untouched by his other brothers. The phrase "to the land of the East" does not indicate a worldly location; rather, it signifies a distinct region mentioned in scripture (Judg. 6:3, 3 Sam. 4:30, Job 1:3, Is. 11:14, Jer. 49:28).

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The inhabitants of this area are later referred to in Arabic as שוקויך Sharqiin, meaning Eastern or simply Saracens, although there are varying interpretations of this term's origin. Flavius notes that they were known for their industriousness and cleverness (3 Kings 4:30, Matthew 2:1).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.