The Church Fathers on this verse

Genesis 9:29Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And all his days were in the whole nine hundred and fifty years: and he died.

Douay-Rheims

וַיִּֽהְיוּ֙ כָּל־יְמֵי־נֹ֔חַ תְּשַׁ֤ע מֵאוֹת֙ שָׁנָ֔ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וַיָּמֹֽת׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

5 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Do not assume that the sacred Scriptures addressed this matter without intention; rather, consider the self-discipline of the righteous man. Despite experiencing peace and plenty, and living many years after he exited the ark, he refrained from fathering more children during that entire period. The Scriptures only record his three sons. This serves to illustrate the profound unrepentance of Ham, who failed to learn from his father's example of restraint and instead chose to act in opposition to him. Consequently, all of Ham’s descendants were rightly sentenced to servitude to curb his malevolent tendencies.

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

After Noah had placed a curse on Ham through his son, he proceeded to bless Shem and Japheth, declaring, “May God extend Japheth, and let him reside in the tents of Shem; yet Canaan shall serve him.” The lineage of Japheth increased and grew strong in their territories to the north and west. The Lord Himself manifested in the burning bush to Abraham, a descendant of Shem. Canaan found himself subservient to both Shem and Japheth when, during the time of Joshua, the descendants of Shem laid waste to Canaan’s settlements and overcame and subjugated their leaders.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

Consider this: Noah continued to live for 350 years following the flood. This indicates that the 120 years mentioned earlier were allotted to the generation before the flood as an opportunity for repentance, rather than being defined as the normal lifespan of humanity.

Dimitri of Rostov

17th centuryChurch Father

In the nine hundred and thirtieth year of his life, as well as from the creation of the world (according to George Kedrin) in the year 2572, Saint Noah, following God’s directive, summoned his sons—Shem, Japheth, and Ham—and allocated the portions of the earth to them. Shem was instructed to inhabit Asia, Japheth was to occupy Europe, and Ham was assigned Africa, so that each would dwell in their respective lands with their own people. He also urged them to respect one another's territories to avoid hostility, conflict, and discord, encouraging each to be satisfied with their own inheritance. George Kedrin notes that Noah documented this pact and entrusted it to his eldest son, Shem, who was then 431 years old.

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However, the tribes that emerged from these brothers failed to honor Noah's covenant, as they began to torment and provoke one another, resulting in bitter disputes, as will be revealed later. The righteous Noah survived 350 years after the flood, living a total of 950 years. He imparted fatherly wisdom to his sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons, teaching them to acknowledge their Creator, have faith in Him, and to act in accordance with His will through good works while avoiding wickedness that could incite God’s wrath. He also encouraged them to foster love among themselves, refrain from causing each other harm, and to coexist in harmony and gentleness. After blessing them all, he passed away in the year 2592 from the world’s inception (according to George Kedrin), and the entire human race that had multiplied after the flood mourned for him. Those interested in the questionable calculations of years in our Russian Bible may refer to Genesis 9:28-29 and 11:10-11. Noah lived 350 years post-flood before he died; Shem, having become father to Arphaxad in the second year after the flood, lived for 335 more years before passing away, thus Shem died thirty years before his father Noah. The ‘Word about the Court and the Serpent’, attributed to Saint Chrysostom and printed in the great Moscow Sobornik, recounts that in ancient times, both before and after the flood, no son died before his father except for Lamech, son of Methuselah, who lived before the flood. After 3,300 years from the creation of the world, Arran died before his father Farrah because God had been displeased with Farrah due to his idolatry, resulting in the death of his third son, Arran. This account is also supported by Saint Chrysostom and Saint Epiphanius. Therefore, it is thought that the calculations in Russian Bibles regarding the years are erroneous, suggesting that it was not Noah who died before his son Shem, but rather Shem who passed away before his father. Nevertheless, it is clear that Shem was alive at the time of Noah’s death and burial, receiving his father’s final blessing and the covenant mentioned earlier. After Noah's death, Shem continued to live for many more years, witnessing the birth of grandchildren and great-grandchildren before departing from this life into eternity. Accounts supporting this can be found in the Bibles written in various languages as well as in Jerome's translation from Hebrew, which states that Shem lived another 500 years after the birth of Arphaxad, during which he had more sons and daughters, thus his demise occurred many years after Noah’s. Those interested can verify this for themselves by examining the relevant texts. If our Russian Bibles’ calculations are correct, then the statement attributed to Chrysostom in the Sobornik is inaccurate, as is the interpretation of the above-mentioned Epiphanius regarding sons not dying before their fathers until the case of Arran, son of Farrah. Similarly, we would need to consider the account from the ancient Greek historian George Kedrin, who claimed that Shem lived 150 years after Noah’s death, as dubious. Nonetheless, Kedrin’s accounts of Shem’s lifespan, alongside the interpretations of Saint Epiphanius and Saint Chrysostom, deserve serious consideration.

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

Instances of such extended lifespans are not observed following the flood. The Lord chose to extend Noah's life prior to the flood to safeguard the ancient righteous traditions and divine truths through him, ensuring their complete transmission through oral tradition to future generations. The teachings he received before the flood from Maleleel—who still recalled Adam—were likewise conveyed to Salah, the father of Eber, after the flood, from whom the chosen people derived their name.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.