The Church Fathers on this verse

Hosea 7:16Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

They returned, that they might be without yoke: they became like a deceitful bow: their princes shall fall by the sword, for the rage of their tongue. This is their derision in the land of Egypt.

Douay-Rheims

יָשׁ֣וּבוּ ׀ לֹ֣א עָ֗ל הָיוּ֙ כְּקֶ֣שֶׁת רְמִיָּ֔ה יִפְּל֥וּ בַחֶ֛רֶב שָׂרֵיהֶ֖ם מִזַּ֣עַם לְשׁוֹנָ֑ם ז֥וֹ לַעְגָּ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

Their leaders will fall by the sword due to their failure to restrain their words. The divine anger will not only target those beneath the authority of the rulers but will also severely impact those who enjoy the highest honors. Such leaders shall face calamity because of the arrogance of their speech; it is indeed folly to declare to a tree, “You are my god,” and to a rock, “You have given me birth” (Jer. 2:27). Immanuel could have made the same accusation against the scribes and Pharisees, who unleashed their reckless words upon Him, despite His efforts to instruct and uplift them spiritually. However, disregarding this, they strayed into emptiness by clinging to human teachings, becoming like a bow drawn back in the wrong direction, unjustly launching arrows at their Master. Instead of opposing Him, they should have boldly fought against His adversaries, like His true disciples did among those who put their faith in Him.

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

The rebuke they received while in the land of Egypt could be attributed either to their worship of cattle and sheep or to their dependence on Egypt for garlic, onions, and meat.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

In the beginning, as noted in verse 13, their focus was solely on grain and wine; they drifted away from Me. I chastised them and fortified their strength, yet they committed wrongs against Me. They reverted to a state of being without a yoke, resembling a deceitful bow. Their leaders shall perish by the sword due to the recklessness of their speech; this shall be their punishment in the land of Egypt. The Septuagint states they were divided due to grain and wine; they were educated by Me, and I fortified their strength, yet they devised wickedness against Me; they returned to a state of nothingness, becoming as a bow drawn back. Their leaders shall fall by the sword on account of the impulsiveness of their speech, and such shall be their punishment in Egypt.

Read more (622 words)

They fell, as He says, due to their abundance in all things. A similar fate befell Sodom and Gomorrah, which, as Ezekiel recounts, focused only on food and luxury. The Septuagint translated this as they cleaved for grain and wine, akin to the prophets of Baal, who, in Elijah's presence, made cuts on their bodies while praying for rain (1 Kings 18). To show their resemblance to beasts, it is noted they did not merely eat but chewed, illustrating their departure from the Lord. For He declared, I taught them, I strengthened them, and they rose up against Me, not because they could harm their Creator but because they schemed every form of wickedness they could devise against Me. Just as in the beginning, before I called them through Abraham, and later through Moses and Aaron, they were untethered and ignorant of the Law, mingling with other nations, now they have reverted to that prior condition. Freed from every obligation and constraint, they have been cast into the abyss, becoming a deceitful bow—a bow that God intended to direct against their adversaries, but they turn it towards their Lord, launching arrows of blasphemy at Him. Hence, their leaders, who misled the unfortunate people, shall be struck down by the sword due to the wildness of their speech, as they dared to declare golden calves as gods and worshipped the apis of Egypt in the promised land, repeating what they had learned in Egypt. In the wilderness, they mocked the Lord by declaring, These are your gods, O Israel (Exodus 32:4), and lamenting for the meat pots in Egypt (Exodus 16:3). Because of their craving for grain and wine and the false doctrines regarding the body and blood of Christ, who proclaimed in the Gospel, Unless a grain of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains alone (John 12:24), and further states, I am the true vine (John 15:1), and, Unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood (John 6:53)—because of these desires, heretics divide themselves into factions, establishing their own gatherings and distancing themselves from the body of the Church, all while claiming to ponder the Law of God. In doing so, they abandon the Lord, who has provided them with guidance in the Church and the strength to battle their adversaries. They have conspired against the Lord, fabricating impious heresies, returning to a state like that of the Gentiles, devoid of righteousness and without a yoke, or reverting to nothingness—not in the sense of non-existence, but in comparison to the One who spoke to Moses, declaring, I AM who I AM (Ex. 3:14). All who think contrary to the Lord are considered non-existent, as indicated in the text of Esther, where it is stated, You shall not betray your scepter, for you are not (Esther 4:17)—a clear indication of idols. For if God embodies truth, then anything contrary is falsehood, labeled as non-existent. This applies directly to heretics, who, despite being instructed in the Holy Scriptures, speak against the Lord of the Law, the Prophets, and the Gospel, acting as a deceitful bow. A bow is treacherous when it injures the one who wields it, or they become like a bow drawn back, ever prepared to conjure fortunes leading to the destruction of those who hear them. Thus, their leaders, the heresiarchs, are struck down by the sword of the Lord for their foolish speech, by which they blaspheme Him, repeating in the false church the actions they engaged in while still in the Egypt of this age, while they were Gentiles. Indeed, the reasoning of heretics and pagans is identical, for both reject the authority of Scripture in favor of human reasoning.

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