The Church Fathers on this verse

Isaiah 5:30Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And they shall make a noise against them that day, like the roaring of the sea; we shall look towards the land, and behold darkness of tribulation, and the light is darkened with the mist thereof.

Douay-Rheims

וְיִנְהֹ֥ם עָלָ֛יו בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא כְּנַהֲמַת־יָ֑ם וְנִבַּ֤ט לָאָ֙רֶץ֙ וְהִנֵּה־חֹ֔שֶׁךְ צַ֣ר וָא֔וֹר חָשַׁ֖ךְ בַּעֲרִיפֶֽיהָ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

He speaks of the sea, expressing that there will be a great uproar and disarray, akin to the tumult that arises when the ocean roils and surges. In doing so, he employs various methods to amplify their dread, so they might avoid the suffering of experiencing such calamities firsthand. Even more alarming, he states, there will be no refuge from either the earth or the heavens; stripped of both mountainous shelter and worldly assistance, they will fall prey to their adversaries. He refers to the "darkness" that has engulfed them due to their suffering, not as a physical absence of sunlight, but rather as a state in which the afflicted will perceive shadows instead of illumination at noon, reminiscent of those who struggle with sorrow and despair. To emphasize that this darkness arises not from the conditions of the atmosphere but from their own inner turmoil, he adds, “The darkness is cruel in their need.”

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

In all these matters, His wrath has not subsided; His hand remains elevated. He will lift a signal among the nations for those who are distant, and they will respond from the ends of the earth—swiftly they will come. They will not complain, tire, slumber, or rest; their attire will remain fastened, and their steps secure. Their arrows will be sharp, and their weaponry will be precise. The hooves of their steeds will be as firm as rock, their wheels like tempests, fierce as lions and resolute like lionesses. They will make their voices heard like wild beasts, and there will be no shadow to obscure them. On that day, He will cry out as the tumult of the sea rises, and they will survey the earth, realizing that a harsh darkness pervades their confusion.

Read more (424 words)

The consequences of the righteous Judge's fury will not end with mere turmoil; rather, this will be illustrated by what follows. Despite enduring great desolation, experiencing hunger and thirst, and suffering from wartime devastation, these troubled souls remained estranged from God, remaining under His wrath. This appears to be what he means when he states that 'His hand is lifted high against those who have sinned’; indeed, the hand of the stricken is ever raised high. How severe, then, will be the distress faced by the mountains who execute this wrath, and how fiercely will they approach, emboldened by a determination uncommon to humanity? This is clarified by the prophecy that He will raise a banner among those far away. Those who ravaged Judah, burned Jerusalem, and destroyed its cities were not nearby but came from far-off lands. The signal will be raised as is customary in warfare; it is the practice of commanders to elevate flags when assembling their troops. The prophet Isaiah similarly conveys this by stating that 'He will be like a flag on a mountain and a banner upon the hill’ (Isaiah 30:17). The banners placed on high points are made to be visible to the warriors, aiding them in recognizing their leader's intent. He will raise a sign, and they shall respond to it. This concept can also be compared to how beekeepers call their bees with a whistle, leading them from their hives to the fields and bringing them back home again. So too will they respond to His call. They will come swiftly and effortlessly, unperturbed by hunger, shunning weariness, fully prepared for battle, mounted on indomitable steeds. They will advance like a storm, fierce as lions and consuming as wild beasts, so formidable that they will conquer without opposition, for none will withstand them or offer sufficient aid. In that time, cries of despair will blend together, resembling the raging sea overwhelming the land of Judah. There will be a terrible darkness—not simply from mist or night—but a darkness born from fears and confusion, for overwhelmingly harsh tribulations cloud the mind. Thus, the Almighty benefits us in all things; it is not without purpose that He reveals future predictions and the severity of impending trials. He does this so that, often deaf to His guidance and indifferent to His call to repentance, we may, driven by the anxiety of such dire consequences, cultivate a fear of God within ourselves. In doing so, we may turn from our wicked ways and ultimately redirect our hearts towards righteousness.

Basil the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

This term appears to foreshadow the Roman legions that besieged Jerusalem in its final struggle. During this period, the ranks of the army were bolstered by men from various regions, including Syria, Arabia, and other neighboring nations drawn into service for Rome. A sign was lifted among the Gentiles, specifically the sign of the Cross, which emerged. The Gentiles are called to belief, while Jerusalem faces impending ruin. Their haste and fervor for battle are so intense that they overlook their provisions, do not wait for reinforcements, feel no need for rest, and remain clad in their battle garments (see Isaiah 5:27). They resemble a solid rock, and their chariots strike forth like a tempest (cf. Is. 5:28). They exhibit the strength and agility of lions, and their roar echoes like the roaring of the sea. Consequently, the people encamped with the army will witness only a profound darkness enveloping the land (cf. Is. 5:29-30).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.