The Church Fathers on this verse

Job 1:14Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

There came a messenger to Job, and said: The oxen were ploughing, and the asses feeding beside them,

Douay-Rheims

וּמַלְאָ֛ךְ בָּ֥א אֶל־אִיּ֖וֹב וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַבָּקָר֙ הָי֣וּ חֹֽרְשׁ֔וֹת וְהָאֲתֹנ֖וֹת רֹע֥וֹת עַל־יְדֵיהֶֽם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

5 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

The act of murder was accompanied by a loss of possessions, illustrating the ruthlessness of the adversaries, revealing a profound brutality and inhumanity. This led to a dual calamity of death and captivity; however, the rescue of the survivors only deepens the tragedy. Consider the suddenness of the assault, an unprecedented disaster: a man who lived in great abundance and had never faced such devastation is abruptly stripped of all he possesses. It was not merely the destruction of one aspect leaving some consolation; the vestiges remaining only served as a reminder of his misfortunes.

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Observe the actions of the adversary. Initially, he robs Job of his wealth, then deprives him of his children. He seizes the camels, the sheep, the numerous donkeys, and the vast herds of cattle, ultimately stripping him of everything, including his offspring. Why does he do this? Pay close attention to the subsequent events. He first takes all material possessions and then attacks the heirs themselves to completely annihilate Job through the loss of his children. He commenced by ravaging the estate while the heirs were alive, ensuring that they felt the profound grief of losing their inheritance. The malevolent demon, realizing Job's loss of children, may have thought that the loss of possessions would weigh less on him. Yet the true champion, steadfast and resolute, endured numerous assaults, receiving wounds for each blow, and with the weapons of truth, he countered the devil's attacks. He did not lament, falter, or allow the loss of his possessions or children to diminish his righteousness; he stood firm like an unshakeable tower, firmly rooted and ascending toward the heavens. As the first messenger approached, he told Job, “The oxen were plowing, and the donkeys were grazing beside them, when the Sabeans came and took them, and the young men were slain by the sword; and I alone have escaped to tell you.”

Further consider what measures the adversary takes against the righteous man and what arrows he aims at him. The wicked one steps forth, disguising himself in various forms, executing his nefarious schemes while delivering the blows and announcing them. Indeed, as relayed in the Scriptures, the adversary said to Job, “The oxen were plowing, and the donkeys were grazing when the Sabeans attacked and took them, and the young men were struck down by the sword; and I alone have escaped to tell you.” This marked the initial temptation from the devil, his first strike against the valiant fighter. Yet Job countered these assaults with the shield of faith capable of quenching all the fiery darts of the wicked one. While he lost the oxen, his spirit remained unperturbed. The donkeys perished, yet this noble soul did not relinquish the reins of godliness. He absorbed the grim tidings of his losses, yet stood resolute and steadfast like an unyielding fortress. The devil, cruel and malicious, surely regretted conveying such news to Job in this manner. Be wary, I implore you, lest you too be ensnared by the schemes of the evil one, as the apostle cautioned, saying, “We are not ignorant of his designs” (2 Cor. 2:11). When he reported that “the oxen were plowing, and the donkeys were grazing, when the Sabeans came and took them,” witnessing Job receive the news without distress, the devil certainly regretted that his message had faltered. It appeared he reasoned to himself, “I missed the mark by saying that men were the attackers; Job may think, If men assailed me, what role does God play in this? I aimed poorly, and my shot went astray, the arrow did not strike its intended mark. I claimed that men captured his livestock; perhaps he will conclude, Why should I ascribe human injustice to God? One has wronged another, and I will not blaspheme God’s name.”

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Job faced a trial before the Lord, as seen in Job 1:8 and Job 2:3. Despite demonstrating his righteousness, he was not triumphant; his faithfulness was tested, yet he did not receive the reward associated with his virtue. Consequently, he was tempted, as indicated in Job 1:12 and Job 2:6, to aspire to even greater glory.

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It is beneficial to reflect on the nature of this significant trial. The adversary employed multiple strategies to bring about defeat, using both allure and exhaustion. Initially, he struck at the desire for material wealth, then at familial love, and finally at physical well-being, attacking both the spirit and the flesh, as in Job 2:7. Distinct temptations target various individuals: the affluent are assailed by loss, the parent suffers the grief of childlessness, the individual bears pain, and the body is afflicted with sores. Such a barrage of trials! However, the Lord had no interest in that which could be lost and entered the world in a humble state, as referenced in 2 Corinthians 8:9, thereby leaving the adversary with nothing to seize.

Should you seek affirmation of this truth, listen to the Lord’s own words: “The prince of this world cometh, and shall find nothing in Me” (John 14:30). He desired not to be the father of a select few, as noted in Job 29:16, but aimed to be the father of all. It would be futile to test the One who disregarded all physical afflictions with corporeal injuries. Simultaneously, He intended to reveal that the ultimate victory belongs to Him, as He triumphed over the foe of the body. While Job, as a human, was tempted by his possessions, Jesus was tempted with dominion over creation; one man’s wealth was stripped away, while the other was offered sovereignty over all. The adversary was cunning, well aware of the consequences of inciting the Son of God’s wrath; he provoked Job through offenses, and Jesus through enticing rewards. The dire news relentlessly came one after another, as found in Job 1:14-17, amplifying the suffering, yet the valiant warrior remained steadfast and undeterred.

Zeno of Verona

4th centuryChurch Father

Now, dear brothers, an extraordinary battle has commenced. On one side stands the adversary, brandishing his weapons, summoning his followers with the blare of a daunting trumpet, igniting the desires of those who prey on the vulnerable, and with a thunderous impact, he unleashes chaos upon all that once enriched the life of the faithful servant of God. In an instant, he is stripped of his possessions, enveloped by fire and sword.

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In contrast, we observe Job, overwhelmed by distressing news, as messengers approach him one after another, like relentless, crashing waves. Before the first bearer of misfortune departs, another arrives with additional calamity. The cruelty of these afflictions is strikingly calculated, their dreadfully loud and heart-wrenching impact intensifying with each report. The initial messenger brings word of the theft of his oxen and donkeys, along with the slaying of the servants who tended them; the second speaks of a heavenly fire that has consumed a flock of sheep, together with their shepherds; the third declares that a herd of camels has been stolen, and their caretakers slain; finally, the fourth messenger proclaims that a mighty wind from the wilderness struck the house where Job's children were gathered with their elder brother, causing it to collapse upon them, resulting in their demise.

Through this swift and total loss of all his children, the enemy deprived Job, who cherished them dearly, of the chance to gradually express and ease his sorrow. Upon receiving the devastating news of his children's death beneath the crumbled structure, Job faced the unbearable burden of grief, unsure of whom to mourn first or whose remains he might locate amidst the ruins, each child subjected to the irrevocable debt of burial. The depth of his anguish surged within him, leading him to resist the confines of composure and voice his lament against God.

Job's children were lost to the wrathful devil, just as the children of our Lord, the prophets, faced persecution from the deranged Pharisees.

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

In the land of Absitidia (Heb. Utz), there lived a man named Job, renowned for his devoutness and the abundant blessings of his household. Unexpectedly, he encountered severe tribulations. This dramatic shift in Job's circumstances was allowed by God, prompted by Satan, who sought to tarnish Job's righteousness during the divine assembly and claimed that Job's faith would falter under intense suffering. Initially, raiders and a firestorm stripped Job of his livestock and servants; following this, his children were tragically lost beneath the debris of a fallen home. Despite these overwhelming losses, Job maintained his composure and praised the Lord. Alongside the faithful angels, the adversary, Satan, came into the presence of God.

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The compassionate Lord, who desires not the death of the sinner, demonstrated through the devil's admission to His presence that He would welcome the repentance of the first transgressor should he choose to turn back. The reminder of the devil's former glory and relationship with his Creator was intended to provoke feelings of remorse within him and, more significantly, to strip him of any justification for his obstinacy. The Lord employs all means for his salvation, yet the devil persists in misleading humanity and opposing God.

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

The captors, prompted by the devil, seized Job's oxen and donkeys and murdered the young men, which included both the servants tending the oxen and the shepherds watching over the donkeys. They were members of a nomadic Arabian tribe neighboring Absitidia. Among the servants and shepherds, only one was left alive, spared by the devil solely to deliver the news of these tragedies to Job. The Russian Synodical translation replaces the term "captives" with "Sabeans," a wild tribe of shepherds descended from Sheba (Gen. 21:3), who was a grandson of Abraham and a Hittite. This tribe roamed north of Idumea.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.