The Church Fathers on this verse

Job 1:15Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And the Sabeans rushed in, and took all away, and slew the servants with the sword; and I alone have escaped to tell thee.

Douay-Rheims

וַתִּפֹּ֤ל שְׁבָא֙ וַתִּקָּחֵ֔ם וְאֶת־הַנְּעָרִ֖ים הִכּ֣וּ לְפִי־חָ֑רֶב וָֽאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה רַק־אֲנִ֛י לְבַדִּ֖י לְהַגִּ֥יד לָֽךְ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

6 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

The act of murder was accompanied by the loss of assets, highlighting the cruelty of adversaries, revealing a brutal ferocity and inhumanity—a dual calamity of death and captivity. The salvation of the survivors only magnifies the tragedy. Notice the speed of the assault, the sudden and unusual disaster: one who once lived in abundance, untouched by such misfortunes, is abruptly stripped of all he owns. Nothing remains to offer solace; rather, the remnants serve as reminders of his sorrow.

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Consider the actions of the adversary. Initially, he plunders all possessions, then takes away the children. He first seizes the herds of camels, the flocks of sheep, and the multitude of donkeys and cattle. He strips away every earthly possession and ultimately his offspring. Why this sequence? Focus intently on what transpires next. He first claimed the heritage, then annihilated the heirs, intending to bring complete ruin through the loss of his children. He commenced the dismantling of the estate while the heirs were still alive, ensuring that the loss of property would be acutely felt among his sons and daughters. The wicked one calculated that with the loss of children, the value of possessions would diminish significantly to Job. Yet, the steadfast and valiant warrior endured numerous afflictions while gaining glory for each trial. He withstood many blows, countered the arrows aimed at him with the armaments of truth, and remained unmoved. He did not lament or falter; he remained unbroken by material loss and did not waver in his piety despite bereavement. He stood resolute, like a tower firmly established and rooted in the earth while reaching toward the heavens.

Then came the first messenger to Job, proclaiming, "The oxen were plowing, and the donkeys were feeding beside them, when the Sabeans attacked and carried them away; they killed the young men with the sword, and I alone have escaped to tell you."

Observe further the intense pressure placed upon the righteous man, the arrows hurled against him. The evildoer, empowered by the Lord, donned various guises; he himself executed his malevolent acts and conveyed the news. The adversary relayed to Job, as recorded, "The oxen were plowing, and the donkeys were grazing when the Sabeans invaded, taking them, and the young men were struck down by the sword; I alone have survived to deliver this news." This marked the first temptation from the adversary, the initial assault upon the noble warrior. Yet, Job defended himself with the shield of faith, capable of extinguishing the flaming darts of the evil one. Although he lost the oxen, his spirit was unshaken. The loss of the donkeys did not lead this noble soul to abandon righteousness. He absorbed the painful news with steadfastness, remaining resolute and unwavering as a fortified tower. In his cruel malice, the adversary likely regretted delivering news to Job in this fashion. Please be vigilant against the schemes of the Evil One, whom the apostle cautions us about, stating, "We are not unaware of his schemes" (2 Cor. 2:11). When the adversary informed Job of the Sabeans' attack, he saw Job's unwavering response and might have regretted his approach, reasoning to himself that he had misfired. Job might have thought, "If men attacked me, what role does God play here? I misjudged my aim, and therefore missed the target." The adversary had announced that men had seized his cattle, but Job could have thought: "Why should I lay the injustice of men at the feet of God? One man wrongs another; I will not blaspheme my Creator."

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Job underwent a profound trial before God, demonstrating his righteousness yet not achieving triumph; his faithfulness was challenged, yet he did not gain the rewards of his virtue, which led him to be tested further in his quest for even greater glory. It’s beneficial to reflect on the nature of this intense temptation. The adversary wielded multiple tactics to bring about defeat, using both allure and exhaustion. He first attacked Job's attachment to material wealth, then his affection for family, followed by his health, assaulting both his spirit and flesh. Distinct pressures targeted various individuals: the wealthy faced loss of riches, fathers dealt with the grief of losing children, the afflicted suffered pain, and the body was beset with ailments. Such numerous strikes!

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Nevertheless, the Lord did not desire anything that could be lost, coming into this world in a state of need, ensuring that the enemy had nothing to take from Him. If you seek affirmation of these truths, heed the Lord's own words: ‘The prince of this world cometh, and shall find nothing in Me.’ He did not wish to have a few as His children but longed to embrace all. It would be futile to test Him, who disregarded all physical anguish, with mere bodily injuries. Simultaneously, He aimed to reveal that complete victory belongs to Him as He overcame the adversary of the flesh. Job faced temptation linked to his earthly possessions, whereas Jesus faced temptation regarding universal authority; one man's wealth was stripped away, while the other was offered dominion over all creation. The devil, fearing the fury of the Son of God, did not lack in cunning; he provoked Job with insults and presented Jesus with appealing rewards. A series of calamities struck (see Job 1:14-17), compounding his suffering, yet the steadfast warrior remained unperturbed.

Zeno of Verona

4th centuryChurch Father

And now, dear friends, an incredible battle has commenced. On one side, the adversary, wildly brandishing his weapons, summons his followers with the piercing sound of a mighty trumpet, kindles the hearts of the ruthless with a thirst for looting, and swiftly descends upon all that had beautified the life of God’s servant with a resounding crash: in an instant, theft, fire, and violence are snatched away from him. On the other side, we witness Job, overwhelmed by sorrowful news that strikes him like relentless, crashing waves. Hardly does one messenger convey the misfortune that has befallen him before another arrives with yet more tragic tidings.

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The severity and anguish of the calamities raining down upon him were intentionally orchestrated: their frightening, deafening, and soul-crushing power intensified with each report. The first messenger reveals the plundering of his oxen and donkeys, along with the slaying of the servants tending them; the second, the devastating fire from heaven that consumed his sheep and their shepherds; the third, the theft of his camels and the deaths of those who cared for them; finally, the fourth announces that a mighty wind from the wilderness has struck the house where his sons and daughters were feasting with their elder brother, and it collapsed, claiming all their lives. Through this sudden loss of all Job's children, the malicious foe deprived his loving heart of the chance to gradually express and ease his sorrow; for, upon receiving the dreadful news of their simultaneous death amidst the ruins, Job found himself at a loss as to whom to grieve for first, who he would excavate from the rubble, and to whom he would extend the somber tribute of burial. All his anguish and torment, so to speak, became imprisoned within his heart, leading him to the unbearable realization of their presence, driving him to surpass the bounds of restraint, and utter complaints against God. - Job's children were taken by the rage of the devil. The children of our Lord, the Prophets, faced persecution from the zealots (Luke 13:34; Acts 7:52).

Agathangelus (Solowjew)

19th centuryCommentator

The Sabeans were a wandering pastoral community residing in blessed Arabia, originating from Shaban, the grandson of Abraham.

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

In the land of Absitidia, known in Hebrew as Utz, there was a man named Job, renowned for his devoutness and the abundant blessings of his household. Out of the blue, he faced overwhelming adversities. This drastic change in Job's circumstances was allowed by God in response to Satan, who, during a gathering of angels before the Lord, sought to tarnish Job's righteousness and claimed that he would forsake his faith if faced with extreme hardships. Initially, bandits and a rain of fire ravaged Job's livestock and servants; thereafter, calamity struck when his children were entombed beneath the debris of a fallen house. Nevertheless, Job endured his tragic losses without uttering a word of complaint, instead choosing to bless the name of the Lord.

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Alongside the benevolent angels, the accuser of righteousness appeared before God. The compassionate Lord, who desires not the demise of the sinner, permitted Satan's presence before Him to demonstrate that He would not reject the possibility of redemption for the very being who first committed evil, should he ever wish to repent. This gathering among the heavenly host served as a poignant reminder to the devil of his earlier glory and his relationship with the Creator, intended to evoke a sense of remorse in him. More importantly, it served to deny him any rationale for his obstinacy, for the Lord employs every opportunity for his salvation, while he persists in leading others astray and opposing God.

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

The captors, motivated by the adversary, seized Job's oxen and donkeys, killing the young men—namely, the slaves who tended the oxen and the shepherds who watched over the donkeys. They were members of a wandering Arabian tribe neighboring Absitidia. Among the slaves and shepherds, only one escaped, whose life the adversary spared to ensure that someone could bring news of the disaster to Job. The Russian Synodical translation replaces the general term for captives with "Sabeans," a fierce clan of shepherds descended from Sheba, the grandson of Abraham and a Hittite, who roamed north of Idumea.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.