The Church Fathers on this verse

Job 12:14Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

If he pull down, there is no man that can build up: if he shut up a man, there is none that can open.

Douay-Rheims

הֵ֣ן יַ֭הֲרוֹס וְלֹ֣א יִבָּנֶ֑ה יִסְגֹּ֥ר עַל־אִ֝֗ישׁ וְלֹ֣א יִפָּתֵֽחַ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

The just individual slowly unveils the teaching of Divine Providence to his fellow seekers of truth. While they too discussed Providence, their views were inconsistent. He inquires, Who can resist His decree? One person may experience poverty, another may encounter hardship, yet another may suffer from illness, and in general, one can observe numerous individuals facing different adversities, all according to God’s purpose, with no one able to alter this divine decision. This is further supported by numerous well-known instances.

Philippus

5th centuryChurch Father

It is evident that if God, in His infinite wisdom, desires to overturn or obliterate something, no one can stand against His purpose. Just as He brought down the tower and the empires of various nations, He also forewarned that Jerusalem, where His commandments were inscribed on stone, would be laid waste under the veil of His grace. In accordance with Job's prophecy, the barrier of hostility, or the commandments of the law, is dismantled by Christ so that from two, He might form one new creation within Himself, establishing peace (See Eph. 2:14-15). Through Christ, God vanquished death and shattered the gates of hell, stripping the devil of his dominion over death. God triumphed over death when He willingly embraced it. By destroying the body of sin on the cross, He rejected the old self within us, putting it to death in order to restore our access to eternal life.

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

If He brings destruction, no one can rebuild; if He confines a person, no one can set them free. The Almighty Lord 'destroys' the heart of an individual when He withdraws His presence, and He restores it when He fills it with His grace. However, He does not annihilate the soul of a person like men might devastate a structure during warfare; rather, it occurs when He simply removes Himself, leaving a man to his own devices, leading inevitably to his own destruction. Consequently, when the heart of a sinner remains empty of the grace of Almighty God, any warnings delivered by a preacher are in vain. Regardless of the speaker, the words will hold no weight unless He, who instills these words in the heart, also gives them voice.

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As the prophet declares, Unless the Lord builds the house, the laborers build in vain (Psalm 126:1). Solomon also asserts, Consider the work of God; who can rectify that from which He has turned away? (Eccl. 7:13). It is not surprising that a preacher struggles to reach the forsaken soul, especially when the Lord Himself has departed from them; the words spoken will be even more disregarded by those who have spurned Him. Take Cain, for example; even though God exhorted him directly, he remained unchanged because God's presence had already departed from his wicked heart, although he continued to hear divine words that served as a testimony against him.

Likewise, if He confines a person, no one can release them, for each individual, through their own wrongdoing, constructs a prison of guilt within their conscience. This self-imposed confinement weighs heavily on their soul, even in the absence of external accusations. When faced with divine judgment, if one remains blinded by a wicked heart, they are enclosed within themselves, unable to escape a fate they do not merit. Often, those who seek to abandon their vices find themselves gravitating back, ensnared by the chains of bad habits. Others may grow weary of their transgressions and become even worse offenders, believing they are acting rightly. This misconception leads them further into captivity. For instance, Judas, consumed by malice for his sin, ultimately inflicted death upon himself, leading to the punishment of eternal separation from God, with his sins compounding in severity.

Thus, it must be asserted, if He confines a person, no one can liberate them. Just as no individual can thrive in His favor apart from His presence, no one can endure His justice in their abandonment. When God shuts someone up, no escape exists. This is illustrated in His words to Moses regarding Pharaoh: I will harden his heart (Ex. 7:3). God 'hardens the heart' as an aspect of justice, choosing not to soften the heart of the ignorant by granting them grace. Therefore, He 'shuts up' those left in the shadow of their own deeds. Isaac attempted to reverse this 'shutting up' for one of his sons by seeking to elevate him above his brother through a blessing. Yet the son favored by the father was rejected by the Lord, while the one chosen by God was blessed despite Isaac’s preferences. Thus, Esau, who traded his birthright for mere sustenance, was not allowed to inherit the first-born blessing that he had scorned due to his indulgence and pursuit of worldly matters. Though he sought repentance with tears, he found no pathway back (Hebrews 12:17), as tears born from regrets over what is destined for loss yield no spiritual fruit. Consequently, Isaac was unable to discern even his son, whom the Almighty had justly confined in the depths of an evil heart.

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

Job feels wronged by his friends who claim exclusive wisdom and reject his belief that joy does not always accompany righteousness in life. He highlights that the lives of all beings and the destinies of humanity are under God's authority, and emphasizes that even the elders whose experiences the friends rely on have written a song acknowledging God's providential guidance over all people, including the strong, the noble, and the wise.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.