The Church Fathers on this verse

Luke 2:17Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And seeing, they understood of the word that had been spoken to them concerning this child.

Douay-Rheims

ιδοντες δε διεγνωρισαν περι του ρηματος του λαληθεντος αυτοις περι του παιδιου τουτου

Greek (Byzantine text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

9 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Theophylact of Bulgaria

11th centuryChurch Father

The shepherds symbolize spiritual leaders, particularly bishops. Consequently, bishops are tasked with tending to their congregations, engaging in spiritual songs, and imparting teachings to the people. In fulfilling this calling, they will be rewarded with divine revelations and insights. Bethlehem translates to the house of bread, and the true house of bread is the church where this sacred sustenance is offered. Thus, it is the responsibility of the ministers of the Word to pursue the heavenly bread, and upon encountering it, to share it with others, just as the shepherds did when they came upon the child and shared the good news.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Do not dismiss or undervalue the words spoken by the shepherds. They provide Mary with a testimony of faith (cf. Luke 2:19); through their witness, the shepherds inspire the people to glorify God: All who heard were astonished at what the shepherds shared with them (Luke 2:18).

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

And after they had hurried, they arrived and discovered Mary and Joseph, along with the infant resting in a manger. Upon seeing them, they understood what had been proclaimed to them concerning this child. They recognized that a Savior had been born for the people.

Beda Venerabilis

7th centuryChurch Father

The shepherds shared the divine truths revealed to them by God, communicating these mysteries to all who would listen. In a similar manner, the spiritual leaders of the Church are tasked with proclaiming the sacred mysteries of God’s Word and demonstrating to their congregations that the wonders documented in the Scriptures are truly miraculous.

Innocentius of Kherson

19th centuryChurch Father

Upon witnessing such humble conditions, the shepherds quickly went to share what they had observed, almost as if trying to justify their visit in search of the Messiah within the stable. This reflects the narrative in the Gospel accounts that detail the setting of Jesus Christ's earthly existence. The reverence shown by the shepherds at the birth of Christ highlights the significance of that moment.

Philaret of Moscow (Drosdow)

19th centuryChurch Father

Who doesn't feel astonished at the proclamation of Jesus Christ's birth, despite the fact that for countless centuries, both the humble shepherds of the silent flock and the learned shepherds of the articulate sheep have spoken of this child nearly every day? What do the shepherds of Bethlehem declare about Him? They share the divine message, the angelic announcement that "unto you is born this day a Saviour, who is Christ the Lord" (Luke 2:11). And if this message stirs within you a yearning to seek Him, along with a quest to understand why you should know Him, the narrators caution you: "Behold unto you a sign: ye shall find the child lying in a manger" (Luke 2:12). Oh, what a sign! When I discover it, I feel lost, and when I come to recognize it, I struggle to comprehend!

Read more (1344 words)

Christ is indeed the true and perfect Anointed One of God, yet His sign does not consist of a crown or royal garments. Rather than gold for honor and glory, it is a simple veil. He is the Lord, yet instead of a regal throne, He rests in a humble manger! He is the Saviour of humanity, though men deny Him even the smallest place among them to preserve His infant life, pushing Him away into silence. Do you still wish to hear more of what the shepherds convey about Him? He is not only a guiding figure but also the embodiment of reason and teaching. He is an infant and yet exists before all time; a child, yet the Father of the coming age; the Son of man, yet also the Son of the Virgin, always the true Son of the Virgin, and now and forever the true Son of God. Recently, He took His place among earthly beings, even as all things were created through Him in the beginning, both in heaven and on earth. Today, He lies mute among the voiceless, yet He daily speaks and sustains all creation through His powerful Word—the man Christ Jesus—who reigns alongside Him, God blessed forever! Yet, how futile it would be to fill pages with endless words attempting to encapsulate His single Word. After the declarations of Him have spread to the ends of the earth, they remain ineffable; after the glory that has been proclaimed from heaven to the depths, it stays cloaked in mystery. Blessed are those who, purifying their senses and calming their passions, can transcend mere words to hear the Word that speaks to them in the quiet of contemplation! Not daring to speak with eloquence about what the Holy Child embodies in Himself, I will return, addressing the simplest among us with an intelligible glimpse of what this Holy Child signifies for humanity. The angel announces "great joy," and the shepherds share that "the Saviour is born to you today." He is the one who, as the angel clarifies, "will save His people from their sins" (Luke 2:10-11; Matthew 1:21). How joyful and marvelous this news is! What could be more troubling than sin, the origin of all misfortunes? Sin robs the soul of peace, blinds the mind, corrupts the body, curses the earth, and deprives every creature of goodness. It begins by instilling hell within man and concludes by casting man into hell. Thus, it is indeed a great joy that He who "shall save His people from their sins" has finally come. And how does He bring salvation to sinners? He is born! From the immortal, divine realm, He enters into mortal human existence. He relinquishes glory, forsakes bliss, obscures holiness, and takes upon Himself all the burdens of sin—except for sin itself. "Unto Him that knew no sin, by us sin was made sin," as ordained by His Father, "that we might be the righteousness of God concerning Him" (2 Cor. 5:21). Because we chose not to remain blessed children of God in paradise, He now becomes a poor infant on earth; because we invested our strengths in wickedness, He is born without power or might. As our feet ran toward evil and our hands committed unrighteous acts, the feet of Him who walks upon the stormy waters, and the hands of the Almighty are wrapped in swaddling clothes. Our mouths often utter vanity, and our tongues weave deceit, blessing "the name of God and Father" while using the same tongue against humanity created "in the likeness of God" (James 3:9). Due to our reckless cursing and empty speech, the blessing Word becomes silent. As humanity, in its honor, lacks understanding and behaves like beasts devoid of comprehension (Ps. 48:21), "He who is in the image of God" not only "diminished Himself, taking the form of a servant in the likeness of men" (Phil. 2:6-7), but is also made a companion to the voiceless. Furthermore, "that we may be the truth of God concerning Him," He fulfills "all righteousness" (Matt. 3:15), complying with the entirety of God's law, breaking not even human law, yet was numbered among the lawless (Is. 53:12), so that we might be "redeemed ... from the curse of the law," which condemns our deeds to destruction. He who is forever blessed will become "a curse for us" (Galatians 3:13) so that He might raise us from ruin. Our Saviour will descend into perdition; He is born on earth, not to live—such a birth was unnecessary for His life—but to die, so He might bring the heavenly birth into the very depths of hell; ultimately, to usher forth life from death, to draw the sons of heaven from hell, and to save the lost from destruction. Thus, He will redeem "His people from their sins." Believers, how do you respond to such truths about the Christ Child, no matter who conveys them? Is it not akin to how those who heard the shepherds' words about this child responded? "And all who heard marvelled at the words spoken by the shepherds" (Luke 2:18). Truly, it would be daunting and shameful if our response to the clear and powerful proclamations of the Apostles and teachers about our Saviour were less attentive than others were to the obscure utterances of the prophets. If we engage with less fervor in the very work of our salvation than our forebears did upon receiving whispered reports. "Lord, hear Thy hearing, and be afraid: Lord, I perceive Thy works, and I am terrified. Thou hast gone forth for the salvation of Thy people," for salvation comes with Thy Christ (Habakkuk 3:1-2, 13). "Let us confess unto Thee, how fearfully Thou hast marvelled: marvelous are Thy works, and my soul knows this very well" (Ps. 138:14). "How shall we not marvel," sings the Church, "at Thy God-bearing nativity, O Most Holy One?" But let us also reflect on how deeply we are in awe of the great mystery of the incarnation of the Son of God. All who listened to the shepherds of Bethlehem were filled with astonishment at the child resting in the manger. The shepherds departed; the miracle of the child became hidden; wonder faded; and those who learned of the infant Saviour yet failed to grasp this mystery or follow the truth soon felt the devastating force of the persecutor, even leading to the destruction of their infants. Pay heed to these words, all who listen, and "watch ...how you hear" (Luke 8:18). I know your shepherds shall not abandon you; rather, they will continually pursue you with the glory of the Bethlehem child. Yet, the world will make noise to overshadow their voices, distracting you from the awe of Christ's miracles toward trivial pursuits, shallow pleasures, and unworthy actions. Beware lest Christ, known to you not only through His teachings but also through the sacramental communion with Him, should conceal Himself once more in His profound mystery, permitting the enemy to seize His Word sown in your heart and thwart the heavenly birth within you, using subtle yet potent tactics. Strive not to be mere forgetful hearers of Christ’s message, but active participants in the work of salvation. Emulate the shepherds who, upon hearing the angelic announcement, did not remain merely astonished but "came in haste, and found Mary and Joseph, and the child lying in a manger" (Luke 2:16). Imitate Mary herself, who "kept all these words, pondering them in her heart" (Luke 2:19). Embrace the voice of the child Jesus within your heart; and as she, who bore Him, walks and acts with care to nurture the life conceived within her, let each of you, as you navigate through the world among men, remain vigilant in imparting and communicating so that nothing extinguishes the sweet remembrance and love we have received from the child Jesus, along with the spirit of salvation He has awakened within us, which He will fulfill in all by His grace, indwelling our hearts through faith and residing there eternally. Amen.

Alexander Gorsky

19th centuryCommentator

This moment served as a clear affirmation of everything that had been proclaimed about the Messiah up to that time, but the question remained: how would it come to pass? This inquiry weighed heavily on Mary's heart, and she was uncertain about how it would be answered. It prompted her to reflect deeply on the grand design of Divine Providence. In her current situation and that of Joseph, she saw no indications that would illuminate the significant moment when the kingdom of the Messiah would be established. Nevertheless, this did not shake her faith that it would indeed be realized one day.

Read more (152 words)

She reminded herself of the messages from the angel who had heralded the birth of the Son of the Most High, recalled the miraculous events that had transpired, and looked to the future with an optimistic spirit.

As Mary contemplated the existing conditions in Judah, she might wonder about the many monumental changes needed before her Son's kingdom arrived. With prayerful consideration, she could also reflect upon the ancient prophecies and promises frequently shared in the synagogues, particularly those prophetic verses that directly signified or closely resembled what had occurred in her life. How rich her thoughts must have been when the words of the prophet Isaiah surfaced in her memory: "Behold, a virgin shall conceive and bear a Son, and shall call His name Immanuel." How many additional prophetic scriptures aligned with the messages delivered to Joseph, her, and the shepherds! Mary treasured all these words, pondering them within her heart.

Bogolepow D.P.

19th centuryCommentator

Once the vision concluded, the shepherds set out to witness the sign that had been revealed to them by the angel. Upon discovering everything exactly as the angel had announced, they shared with Joseph and Mary all that the divine messenger had conveyed concerning their child. At this moment, there were individuals present near the holy family. These individuals, upon hearing the shepherds' account, were filled with wonder, while Mary treasured all these sayings in her heart. The shepherds then glorified and worshiped God for everything they had heard and witnessed.

Lopuchin A.P.

19th centuryCommentator

After the heavenly choir fell silent and the shepherds, astonished by their experiences, regained their composure, they promptly resolved to travel to Bethlehem to witness the events that had unfolded and the revelation the Lord had given them. As they journeyed, they stopped at a local inn, where they discovered a cave nearby. Within that cave, they ‘found Mary and Joseph and the child lying in a manger,’ just as had been foretold to them. They became the first to honor the newborn Christ, and also the first of humanity to proclaim His arrival. Soon after, they began sharing with everyone the news they had received about this child, and all who listened were filled with wonder at the shepherds’ accounts.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.

The original text

Greek text, 13 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.

  1. ἰδόντες
    idontes
    I know
    G1492 · εἴδω
  2. δὲ
    de
    but
    G1161 · δέ
  3. ἐγνώρισαν
    egnōrisan
    I make known
    G1107 · γνωρίζω
  4. περὶ
    peri
    about
    G4012 · περί
  5. τοῦ
    tou
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  6. ῥήματος
    rhēmatos
    a thing spoken
    G4487 · ῥῆμα
  7. τοῦ
    tou
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  8. λαληθέντος
    lalēthentos
    I speak
    G2980 · λαλέω
  9. αὐτοῖς
    autois
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  10. περὶ
    peri
    about
    G4012 · περί
  11. τοῦ
    tou
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  12. παιδίου
    paidiou
    a little child
    G3813 · παιδίον
  13. τούτου
    toutou
    this
    G3778 · οὗτος