THEOSISCyrill of Alexandria
The priests, along with Aaron, symbolize the sacred and revered presence of the holy Apostles, akin to being ‘co-workers with God’ (1 Cor. 3:9), stewards, and ‘builders of the mysteries of God’ (1 Cor. 4:1), and they are acknowledged as ‘only ministers’ whom we have come to believe in (1 Cor. 3:5). Anyone who seeks to understand the hierarchical structure of the Church would find it remarkable to see its foreshadowing in the law. The responsibility of overseeing the altar and what lies behind the veil is given to the bishops, the leaders, while presbyters of a lesser order share in this duty.
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To them it would be apt to say, ‘and let them keep their priesthood,’ while to the deacons it would be appropriate to advise, ‘Let them be vigilant for him, and for the entire congregation.’ They frequently direct the congregation during church services, at times encouraging them to sing and maintain order, and often leading them in prayer. When the unbloody sacrifice is offered, they handle the most sacred vessels with care and ensure that every necessary detail is attended to. Indeed, the high priests fulfill their priestly duties, while the Levites provide assistance; through this, the letter of the law anticipates the hierarchy of the clerical priesthood. It is made clear that the laity are prohibited from undertaking any sacred duties, and severe consequences await those who pursue this honor without divine calling: for ‘whosoever shall die,’ it is stated, ‘shall die,’ if they approach it without being divinely appointed.