THEOSISCyrill of Alexandria
The priests, along with Aaron, serve as a representation of the sacred and esteemed presence of the holy Apostles, as if they were ‘co-workers with God’ (1 Cor. 3:9), guardians and ‘builders of the mysteries of God’ (1 Cor. 4:1), and ‘only ministers’ in whom we have faith (1 Cor. 3:5). Anyone wishing to examine the hierarchy of the Church would find it remarkable how the law foreshadows this structure. The bishops, who hold the position of leaders, along with the lower-ranking presbyters, are entrusted with the altar and the sacred space behind the veil.
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It is appropriate to affirm, ‘and let them keep their priesthood,’ regarding them, while to the deacons, it is said, ‘Let them be vigilant for him and for the entire congregation of the people.’ They have the responsibility to instruct, encouraging the congregation to sing and stand in order, and often to maintain silence and guide them in prayer. Furthermore, during the offering of the unbloody sacrifice, they carry the most revered vessels and ensure that all necessary actions are performed with precision. Indeed, the high priests fulfill their priestly roles while the Levites provide assistance; this illustrates how the text of the law foreshadows the order of the ecclesiastical priesthood. Meanwhile, the laity is prohibited from engaging in sacred duties, and the gravest consequences await those who take pleasure in this honor: for it is stated, ‘whosoever shall die,’ it is said, ‘shall die,’ who approaches it without divine appointment.