Psalm 119 (118):15Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Now listen to what follows: "Blessed are they that keep His testimonies and seek Him with all their heart" (Psalm 117:2). It appears that this statement highlights the same group of blessed individuals discussed previously. To engage with the Lord's testimonies and to earnestly seek Him is to embody blamelessness on the path, essentially living in accordance with God's law. He continues, "For they that do evil shall not walk in His ways" (Psalm 118:3). Yet, we recognize that those who commit wrongdoing may examine the Lord's testimonies, favoring knowledge over righteousness; we also see others who study the testimonies, not because they lead virtuous lives, but rather to learn how they ought to live. Such individuals do not yet walk blamelessly in the Lord’s law, and thus, they have not attained blessedness.

The Scriptures affirm the truth stated in this Psalm: "They that do evil walk not in His ways" (Psalm 118:3). Nevertheless, we must strive, with God’s aid, who holds both us and our words in His grasp (Wisdom 7:16), to clarify what is rightly expressed to prevent confusion for the reader or listener. We must be cautious to not conclude that all the saints, whose writings include "If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us" (1 John 1:8-9), are incapable of walking in the Lord's ways, as sin is indeed evil, and those who do evil do not follow His paths. Conversely, since it is irrefutable that they walk in the ways of the Lord, it cannot be claimed that they are without sin, as that would undoubtedly be false. This statement is made not simply to ward off arrogance and pride; if that were the case, it might have said, "Humility is not in us." The subsequent verses illuminate the meaning more clearly and dispel any doubts, as blessed John asserts, "If we confess our sins, He, being faithful and just, will forgive us our sins and cleanse us from all unrighteousness" (1 John 1:9).

The psalm further states, "You have accused us of keeping Your commandments too strictly" (Psalm 118:4). Have we taken on too large a burden? Or perhaps left too much undone? However, regardless of how we interpret this, the implication seems to contrast with the profound wisdom esteemed by both Greek and Latin philosophers who advocate moderation. Yet, the Latin language sometimes employs the term 'nimis' in a manner that resonates with Scripture and encapsulates meaningful dialogue. In this context, expressing, "you have accused us of holding your commandments too strictly," indicates a deeper understanding; indeed, when we tell a cherished friend, "I love you too much," we do not mean to imply an excess beyond measure, but rather an abundance of affection.

"Oh, if," he says, "my ways were made straight that I might keep Your decrees" (Psalm 118:5). You, O Lord, have indeed taken upon Yourself this duty. Upon hearing this, recognize the words of a willing heart, and having discerned the expression of desire, set aside the arrogance of presumption. For who would profess to yearn for what is in their power to accomplish without divine assistance? Therefore, if one desires what God commands, they ought to pray for His aid in fulfilling those commands.

"I will not be put to shame as long as I keep all Your commandments" (Psalm 118:6). We should regard God's commandments as one would examine a mirror when they are recited or recalled, as the Apostle James notes (James 1:23-25). The individual aims to see themselves in the reflection of God's commandments without confusion, for they do not merely hear His words but actively pursue them. This desire for straight paths and to uphold God’s statues reveals a profound truth: one cannot achieve straightness apart from the grace of God. Otherwise, they will find in God’s law not inspiration but bewilderment if they take a glance into the commandments without the intent to obey.

"I will confess to You, O Lord, with the intent of my heart; in this, I shall know the judgments of Your righteousness" (Psalm 117:7). This is not a confession of sin, but rather an act of praise, similar to the acknowledgment of the One who "had no sin. I confess to You, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth" (Matthew 11:25), and as expressed in Ecclesiasticus: "So confess all the works of God that they are very good" (Sirach 39:15-16). When he says, "I confess to You according to the guidance of my heart," it is an affirmation that if my paths are made right, it is You, O Lord, who have accomplished this, thus eliciting praise for Your work and not mine.

Moreover, he continues, "I will keep Your decrees" (Psalm 118:8). But what follows? "O leave me not even too much!" or, as some manuscripts put it, "even too much, not even excessively." Yet, considering that God forsook the world amid the wilderness of its sins, He would have completely abandoned it were it not for the powerful remedy of grace, bestowed through our Lord Jesus Christ; however, through the prayer of Christ's body, He has not entirely forsaken it, for God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself (2 Corinthians 5:19).

From this, we learn that the only way to truly understand God's ways is through the practice of His commandments. Hence, this concept of deepening (αδολεσχιαν - hanging) leads to the testing of His commandments, indicating that such meditation is commendable, as also illustrated when it is stated, And Isaac went out into the field to meditate (Gen. 24:63).

The equivalent Hebrew term signifies a process of inquiry, evaluating past and present circumstances, reasons and actions, means and ends, to the extent that one becomes wholly absorbed in the task. This highlights the importance of thoughtful meditation that true followers of God often dedicate time to solitary reflection, clarifying their understanding of fulfilling divine commandments or engaging in God-pleasing work, utilizing Scripture, writings of the Church Fathers, and the counsel of wise individuals for guidance.

Who is free from questions and uncertainties? Who can claim to have considered every possible scenario and predetermined their actions? To partially address arising inquiries, to prevent new ones, and primarily to nurture the spirit through theological reflection, one should take the time, when possible, to study God’s truths, either through the Bible or writings of the Fathers. The most suitable moments for such activities are in the morning and evening, approached with a spirit of prayer. Begin with prayer, maintain a prayerful attitude, and conclude with prayer. The guardian angel will provide insights that are essential to you and your circumstances. Some individuals set strict quotas for reading, dividing their time among various texts; while refreshing thoughts can occur, this method may not always lead to meaningful understanding, and the reading can easily become an unproductive exercise.

A more fruitful approach is to select a single verse or passage, immerse yourself in it, and dissect it for deeper meanings. This is the initial step. In the insights gained, identify aspects that resonate with the heart and captivate its attention; this is the second part. Then, extract lessons from these reflections to apply in daily life, noting areas for action. This way, the content of the verse will permeate your entire being, becoming applicable in appropriate moments. This method of contemplation is genuinely productive; it is not rushed and yields more profound insights than mere reading and superficial thinking.

“Do you have enough time to read and contemplate extensively?” – Not necessarily much, but certainly enough. Some verses may require two or three readings, while others might take a week to grasp fully. However, the insights gained through this process become an essential nourishment for the spirit. Certain verses radiate such light and warmth that they sustain the spirit for many days. The focus here is not on academic reading but on delving into Scripture to strengthen the spirit and clarify the intricate pathways of life. Scholars have an obligation to engage in extensive reading, but those desiring spiritual edification should refrain from excessive reading.

One might contend, “I cannot contemplate; it’s not my habit.” Yet, who among us does not engage in reasoning to some degree? The simplest person reasons within the scope of his daily life. The activity described is intended for those who have embarked on the path of obedience to the commandments and are familiar with its landscape. Thus, they are not strangers in this domain and are capable of reasoning, albeit in simplicity. The issue lies not in inability but often in a sluggish mind or a desire for swift gains. The former leaves the mind stagnant, while the latter stifles it. Those who avoid both pitfalls approach the work of contemplation with humility, and gradually, progress is made, enriched by practical wisdom and experience.

The prophet’s expectation from such engagement is fulfilled: "and I will understand Thy ways." One who lives thoughtfully amasses spiritual wisdom bit by bit, growing in understanding of God's commandments and eventually arrives at a clear grasp of the divine order of life, acquiring the ability to instruct others, even if the unlearned have not studied extensively. Such experiences are reflected throughout the history of God’s people within the Church of Christ.

As an inexperienced youth, desiring to walk before You in a good and upright manner, it is essential for me to faithfully observe Your commandments; this is my earnest wish; please do not withdraw Your favor from me. Your commandments serve as a remedy against sin and occupy my heart; teach me, O mighty God, to understand them ever more deeply. I speak of them willingly because they mean more to me than anything else; I will joyfully meditate on them always.

The term “to keep straight” means to make, maintain, or uphold a pure path and not to deviate. Your commandments are the means by which I can avoid the deficit of grace that supports my adherence to them; I ask that I may not stray from Your directives. The testimonies are the laws given by You, revealing Yourself to Israel and outlining Your holy will; following these commandments leads to life. I find joy in the principles of life contained within Your teachings. I will ponder them with zeal and dedication.