Psalm 40 (39):10Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Likewise, ensure that your speech reflects the sincerity of your heart, acting against any pretense that may arise. At times, fear can restrain you from voicing your beliefs; other times, pretense can lead you to speak contrary to what you really feel. Strive for unity between your speech and your innermost beliefs. Seek peace from God, and be at peace within yourself: ensure that there is no discord between your heart and your words.

This great assembly is not comprised of those who merely sat down to feast and then rose to revel (Exodus 32:6), but rather includes a steadfast multitude that remains faithful to God, never swayed or faltering, firmly rooted in Christ through love, confident that nothing—neither death, nor sword, nor suffering—can separate them from the love of God in Christ Jesus (Romans 8:38, 39). A preacher speaking to a large assembly does so unreservedly, openly sharing the truth of God with fervor, not afraid to declare Christ before the crowd, nor ashamed of His cross, taking pride in the afflictions endured by his Lord. He transcends the mere letter of the law, revealing profound mysteries that highlight the glory of the Lord Jesus. The law affirmed that the Lord was set to arrive at a church destined for greatness, thus illustrating that faith embodies righteousness. Just as Abram believed the Lord, and it was counted to him for righteousness (Genesis 15:6). I shall not conceal my voice. You, O Lord, are aware of all (Psalm 39:10). Furthermore, as it is written: You know when I sit and when I rise (Psalm 138:2).

Some interpret the great church to mean the assembly of Gentiles, which is larger than the Jewish community and has been endowed with significant ordinances. Isychius mentions that David calls the church great not solely due to its vast membership but primarily because it is capable of embracing a myriad of profound theological truths. The church can truly be seen as a representative voice under a different name. The apostles and their successors serve as this voice, as they are neither restrained from sharing the gospel of Christ nor are they discouraged but rather supported by the broader church.

"I will not keep these things from my lips; O Lord, You know these matters." The Father assures, "I will not prevent my mouth from delivering the saving message to humanity: you know my inclination to preach, for you see me as your true Son, just as I recognize you as my true Father." Some explanations suggest that, as Origen notes, Christ communicates through the holy evangelists and occasional teachers, who can therefore be referred to as His voice, much like Paul questions, "Seek ye proof whether Christ speaketh by me?" The phrase "thou hast understood" implies that one has received this truth with faith and willingly embraces it.

He aims to demonstrate that his glorification of God’s name stemmed from a pure and sincere heart. While many may preach God's name, their motivations often derive from the prospect of gain or the absence of threat; when hope fades or danger looms, they tend to hide the truth in their hearts. David, however, was free from such vices and through his example, guided us to follow in the same way.

One noteworthy aspect here is the array of names that convey a similar essence. Why does he link God’s truth to the concept of truth if not to exalt God's goodness with the highest praise? Additionally, he distinguishes between terms like grace, truth, and salvation; if one chooses to prioritize them, mercy should be first, as it reflects God’s inclination to regard us with favor. In this context, truth aligns with faithfulness, conveying that God justly rewards each individual according to their actions. To dispel any doubt regarding the uniformity of this process, the idea of truth is introduced, indicating that God remains steadfast in His nature, consistently eager to assist us and blessed with a bounty of rewards. Salvation results as a natural outcome of righteousness, illustrating how God sustains His mercy, extended beyond time, to His servants, continually providing them assistance until their complete redemption is achieved.