The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 86 (85):13Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

For thy mercy is great towards me: and thou hast delivered my soul out of the lower hell.

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

כִּֽי־חַ֭סְדְּךָ גָּד֣וֹל עָלָ֑י וְהִצַּ֥לְתָּ נַ֝פְשִׁ֗י מִשְּׁא֥וֹל תַּחְתִּיּֽ͏ָה׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

8 Church Fathers comment on this verse · 9 commentaries

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

God's greatest gift to humanity is the manifestation of His Word, through which He brought forth all of creation and established a connection between Himself and His creation, allowing the Son of God to also take on the nature of humanity. With Christ, we find a seamless unity—one Divine with the Father and one human with us. Thus, in our supplications for mercy, we can be assured that we are addressing God without distancing the Son. When the Body of Christ intercedes, He remains united with His Head. Our sole Redeemer is our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who intercedes for us, prays within us, and advocates on our behalf. He acts in three capacities: praying for us as our High Priest, praying within us as our Head, and to Him we direct our prayers as our Sovereign.

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Therefore, let us see our own speech in Him, just as we hear His voice in us.

When discussing our Lord Jesus Christ and His humility, as often foretold in Scripture, let us not hesitate to acknowledge Him, who willingly embraced our condition. He prays in the likeness of a servant, bridging the gap between Creator and creation, uniting Himself with us as one Man—Head and Body. Our prayers ascend to Him through Him, and He speaks through us, fulfilling the supplications found within the Psalms, particularly ‘The Prayer of David.’ In His earthly form, Jesus is a descendant of David, yet in His divine essence, He is the sovereign Lord and Creator. Thus, when we hear these proclamations, let no one claim that Christ is silent, nor should they say they do not speak; rather, let us affirm: Christ speaks, and I speak. No thoughts should arise devoid of His influence, nor does He utter anything absent from us.

Hear my prayer, O Lord, and listen to my plea. He speaks in the guise of a servant, inviting us to echo this call: incline Your ear, O Lord. This acknowledgment also entails humility, drawing Him closer while distancing from the haughty. It is through our low state that He draws near to us, for He is elevated and we are in a position of need—yet not hopelessly so. For while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Rarely will someone die for the righteous, but for the morally good, perhaps some would take the risk; but our Lord willingly offered His life for the ungodly. Our unworthiness did not deter His mercy, for the depths of His compassion are far greater than our poverty. His promise stands firm: that for the righteous, He preserves life, while for the unrighteous, He willingly dies. As I acknowledge my wretchedness, I find that He inclines His ear towards those in need. To those who are humble and confess their transgressions, He bends His ear, but to the self-satisfied, He remains distant.

It is important, beloved, to clarify that the rich are not dismissed by God because of their wealth, but rather, they must heed the apostolic counsel to not place their trust in riches. For the ungodly, in God, are in spiritual poverty while the truly impoverished in spirit receive His attentive ear. Those who recognize their dependence on Him and their need for mercy are the ones who matter, while those who boast of their abundance and self-sufficiency fail to grasp the true essence of virtue. Charity is the true measure of wealth, whether it is executed by the affluent or merely conceived in the heart of the poor. The man who regards all that elevates him with disdain is indeed counted amongst the humble of God, and he will be listened to because he acknowledges the brokenness of his heart.

Consider the poor man carried away by angels; it is not his poverty itself that brought him honor but the humility that adorned him. In contrast, the rich man who feasted and enjoyed luxury faced torment—a judgment not due to his wealth but his hubris. Abraham, a man of considerable riches, was deemed poor in spirit—obedient and humble, exemplifying true wealth through his readiness to follow God's command. Therefore, recognize the call to humility, irrespective of material possessions.

Keep my spirit, for I am sanctified. I do not presume to declare holiness as my own, but recognize that true sanctity belongs to the One who traversed the world untouched by sin, granting forgiveness rather than engaging in wrongdoing. This is the voice that cries out for salvation: ‘Save my soul, for I am holy.’ This acknowledgment speaks not exclusively of His righteousness, but also encompasses the entirety of His Body. Dare we assert, ‘I am holy’? If we claim sanctification without it being conferred upon us through Him, we deceive ourselves. Yet if we humbly profess that we are sanctified through Him—“Be holy, for I am holy”—then as members of Christ’s Body, we can rightly proclaim, ‘For I am holy,’ having received the grace of holiness through baptism and the absolution of sins.

Let us then declare, "I am holy," acknowledging our sanctification bestowed upon us—not of our own effort, but through divine grace. Should we affirm otherwise, we risk diminishing the glory of Christ, who, through baptism, has made us His own, equally possessing His holiness while being part of His Body. Therein lies the truth: we have been removed from darkness and into the light of the Lord. As His children, we rejoice in the hope of salvation without being reduced to despair over our limitations. As we continue to suffer, remember: together as His Body, we call out to Him, ‘Save my soul, for I am holy,’ and ‘O God, rescue Your servant who places faith in You.’

Be merciful to me, O Lord, for I have cried out to You throughout the day. This prayer reflects the continual groaning of the Church's Body through tribulation until the return of Christ, expressing our collective yearning in varied circumstances. Each member contributes to this symphonic cry, whether in mourning or in preparation for rest. Thus, we unite as we call upon Him, interceding for one another. Our Lord at the Father's right hand advocates for us—all through Christ’s divine orchestration of healing, discipline, comfort, and restoration.

Revive the spirit of Your servant, for to You, O Lord, I have entrusted my soul. In bringing this to God, we are reminded that true joy is found in Him alone, contrasting with the world. It is vital that we anchor our hearts towards God, lifting them higher to avoid decay caused by earthly burdens. Seek to elevate your spirit to God, embracing joy and recognizing that the heart of man, when steadfast in Him, transcends earthly attachment.

For You, O Lord, are good and compassionate. Within our prayers, we confront distractions—a struggle to keep our focus on God amidst the clamor of daily life. Ah, how often do we rely on mere words without engaging our hearts fully before God? Let us take heed of David’s expression: ‘When I found my heart to pray to You, O Lord.’ This struggle reveals the grace of God, who patiently endures our imperfections and desires our heartfelt connection.

So, dear brethren, as we navigate through life’s uncertainties, may we remind ourselves of God’s enduring mercy and the hope He offers in His response to our cries. Let us together, with faith, petition God: ‘To You, O Lord, I lift my soul.’ Draw upon our weaknesses, and strengthen our resolve, for we are sustained by His constant support. Though trials may burden us, we hold fast to our hope in God's infinite mercy.

Each day presents the opportunity to witness God’s goodness, especially towards those who do not believe. Even the wicked receive blessings while running from the righteous. If such grace is poured upon the defiant, imagine what lavish gifts await those who earnestly seek Him. God reserves His very self for those faithful to Him.

When the Psalmist expresses, "Put my prayer in your ears, O Lord," he emphasizes earnestness in prayer. His desire is for his supplications to resonate with God. Such sincerity urges us to align our hearts with Him, for only through His directive can our prayers reflect His true intentions.

When in distress, my voice is raised to You, for You hear me. Affliction is a common experience; still, even resting amid health can bear the weight of turmoil, longing for communion with the Lord. This earthly pilgrimage, though rich in blessings, always craves the everlasting homeland awaiting us.

Let us acknowledge that our joy lies not in temporal prosperity but in the everlasting security of God’s presence. Our trials may tempt us toward fleeting enjoyments, but true contentment arises from the awaiting joy in Christ. The heart's infinite capacity for joy through faith remains unshakeable against worldly trials and tribulations.

The Psalmist continues affirming God’s unmatched greatness among all that exists. This proclamation dismisses false idols and emphasizes our devotion solely to the One true God. Angels, despite their exalted status, bow to Him alone, reinforcing our call to worship Him who deserves all honor and reverence.

Finally, the promise is made: all nations created by God will worship and glorify Him. This assurance speaks loudly of His sovereignty, inviting every individual into the fold of grace, illustrating that every soul belongs to Him, beckoning us to partake in His glory.

His greatness is unmatched; men may seek power and recognition, yet ultimately, there is none who can claim greatness except our God. Let us cherish the truth that we have been brought into His family, extending that unity as we journey together in faith, becoming the collective body of Christ, lifting our hearts in joyful reverence to He who alone is worthy of our praise.

Guide me, O Lord, in Your ways that I might walk in Your truth; for Christ is the Way, the Truth, and the Life. May Your direction prove steadfast, allowing us to navigate our paths without straying, securing us in the assurance of Your grace. Let our hearts rejoice, even in reverence, knowing that joy and fear coexist in our pursuit of holiness, as we serve the Lord with awe and thanksgiving.

Athanasius the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

For Your immense compassion is upon Me. As though the prayer were approaching its conclusion, he declares his intention to proclaim the vast mercy of God in future generations, for He has also rescued their souls from the grasp of the abyss.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

Your abundant mercy surrounds me. See v. 12 You have rescued my soul from the depths of despair. In this way, the Prophet illustrated the severity of his perils; for even the exalted David faced grave threats, notably when Saul sought his life in battle and during the persecution by Absalom. The imminent danger from the Assyrians also posed a significant threat to his life. Thus, he described these trials as the ultimate death and the abyss of despair.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

Your immense compassion surrounds me. Vast instead of immense. You have rescued my spirit from the depths of despair. When speaking of David, the depths refer to sin, adultery, and the slaying of Uriah. In the context of Hezekiah, it pertains to his impending death, from which he was divinely saved. The depths can also signify any peril posed by seen or unseen adversaries.

Hesychius of Jerusalem

5th centuryChurch Father

Therefore, he states that I have taken the bold step of admitting my sins, even though it would be understandable to feel fear and shame in doing so, for Your mercy towards me, and humanity as a whole, is immense. Thus, the one who acknowledges their transgressions not only receives grace and absolution but also anticipates a divine reward. What is this reward? It is the salvation of the soul from the abyss of ‘hell,’ which refers to Gehenna and the darkness that lies beyond, the designated realm for the unrepentant. Hell is rightly termed the underworld, as one who plunges into it, as we have noted, cannot escape its grasp.

Tichon of Zadonsk

18th centuryChurch Father

The fish that fails to evade the fisherman’s net ends up ensnared. Likewise, those who do not escape the devil’s grasp find themselves caught. The fornicators and adulterers fall into his trap, as do the slanderers and those who speak ill of others, along with the intoxicated. The shepherd who neglects both his own salvation and that of Christ's flock becomes ensnared in this web. The ruler, who prioritizes his own interests over the welfare of others, is also caught. Judges who are compromised by bribes and favors find themselves ensnared, as do lords who impose harsh burdens on their subjects through excessive taxation. In essence, every unrepentant sinner who disregards their own salvation becomes trapped. They are all ‘caught by him into his will’ (2 Tim. 2:26).

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The fisherman hauls the caught fish towards himself, and similarly, the devil pulls the sinner, ensnared in his destructive net, towards the same doom that he faces. Oh, how he drags them along, and unless they extricate themselves from his snare, he will continue to do so. O wretched sinner! Prithee, lament and call out from the depths of your heart to Jesus, the Redeemer of our souls. Cry out from this desolation, as Jonah did from the belly of the great fish, or as Manasseh did from his chains, to the Almighty Jesus, that He may send you His aid so that, empowered by Him, you may escape this treacherous net. Take heed, dear ones, to act swiftly before it leads you to ruin. Start with sincerity and implore Him with all your heart. He, the Merciful and Compassionate One, will extend His mighty hand to you and free you from the clutches of the adversary. O Jesus, O Compassionate One! Show mercy to the work of Your hands, for it was for his sake that You entered the world and suffered. Do not allow our enemy to revel in our downfall. ‘If the Son therefore shall make you free, you shall be free indeed’ (John 8:36). When this grace is bestowed upon you, you will joyfully sing, ‘You have freed my bonds. To You I offer a sacrifice of praise’ (Psalm 115:7-8). Furthermore, ‘I will acknowledge You, O Lord my God, with all my heart, and I will honor Your name forever, for Your mercy toward me is great, and You have rescued my soul from the depths of the grave’ (Psalm 85:12-13). After receiving such grace, tread carefully and remain vigilant against the snares of the enemy, continually calling upon the Lord for assistance. ‘Be my Advocate, O God, for I traverse through many traps; rescue me from them, and save me, O Blessed One, who reigns over all humanity.’

I am filled with remorse and sorrow for having sinned against You, my benevolent and loving God, my Creator and Redeemer, my greatest Benefactor, the One whom the holy angels revere, sing praises to, and worship with awe and reverence. It is I, the lowest of the low, who have foolishly caused You offense. Every sin I have committed has been seen by You, and each time I have fallen short, You have patiently borne with me according to Your goodness. As often as You have shown me forbearance, You have also extended Your mercy toward me. If You had treated me solely according to Your most righteous judgment, my soul would have long since fallen into the abyss; yet, by Your goodness, humanity, and patience, You have preserved me, not allowing this wretched sinner to be lost.

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I owe You a great debt, O Lord, for the immense mercy You have shown me. Let me wholeheartedly confess my sins to You, my God, and I will extol Your name eternally, for Your great mercy has been bestowed upon me, and You have rescued my soul from destruction (Psalm 85:12-13).

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

In addition to prayer, he incorporates vows of gratitude, recognizing that recalling past blessings is invaluable when seeking new ones. Just as he previously sought the alignment of his heart with God and to reverence His name, he now commits to proclaiming His glory not only with his words but with his entire being, and to do so continually. He states the motivation behind these vows, noting that God has bestowed upon him a remarkable and unforgettable manifestation of His mercy through his deliverance. To highlight the magnitude of God's compassion, he refers to the dire situation from which he was rescued as a hell, as he was not merely on the brink of death but had plunged into the deepest depths, from which only God's intervention could bring salvation.

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Considering that we have been redeemed by the Savior from the infernal depths of death, can we justify our lack of gratitude if we fail to proclaim our salvation with our whole heart and strength? If David so honored God for preserving his life for a brief time, what praise is appropriate for this extraordinary liberation that elevates us from hell to heaven? The attempts by some to use this passage to support the notion of purgatory, suggesting the existence of a higher hell, are merely fabrications that need no further argument.

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

This Psalm, authored by David under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, is recognized as a prayer due to its nature as an appeal to God amid the profound anguish within the prophet's heart, brought on by severe persecution. This prayer notably reflects the supplications of Christ the Lord directed to God the Father during His intense trials at the hands of the Jews. No one can justly refer to themselves as a Monk in the presence of God, apart from Christ the Lord, who is the true Monk in all His deeds. Throughout His passion, this beggar raised his cries, and the Lord attended to him. This impoverished man, who offers wealth to the needy, allows all to be enriched by His own state of poverty, as stated in the scriptures (Rev. 5:2; Ps. 144:10; 2 Cor. 8:9).

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It echoes the voice of Adam, who suffered a loss of divine favor due to his sin; the voice of Christ to God the Father, who became poor for Adam's benefit to grant him riches through His own humility; and the voice of all believers. God desires not the demise of the sinner but awaits their transformation through repentance. Prayer functions as a weapon, a sanctuary, and a gateway to salvation. The day of anguish during Christ's Passion is marked by His words: My soul is sorrowful unto death. Likewise, it is a day of solemnity when an individual reflects on their salvation.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.