The Church Fathers on this verse

Zechariah 13:2Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord of hosts, that I will destroy the names of idols out of the earth, and they shall be remembered no more: and I will take away the false prophets, and the unclean spirit out of the earth.

Douay-Rheims

וְהָיָה֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַה֜וּא נְאֻ֣ם ׀ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת אַכְרִ֞ית אֶת־שְׁמ֤וֹת הָֽעֲצַבִּים֙ מִן־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְלֹ֥א יִזָּכְר֖וּ ע֑וֹד וְגַ֧ם אֶת־הַנְּבִיאִ֛ים וְאֶת־ר֥וּחַ הַטֻּמְאָ֖ה אַעֲבִ֥יר מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

6 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

In Christ, all things have been transformed for the good, shedding the shame of original sin, and becoming a new creation (2 Cor. 5:17). Prior to His arrival, before the Incarnation of the Only Begotten and His divine illumination of all creation, the hearts of the nations were enshrouded in darkness. They worshipped idols and, in their folly, honored mere trees and stones, attributing divine reverence to unclean spirits. Such was the depth of their misguided ignorance. In contrast, Israel, although chosen and identified as "part of the Lord, and already of His inheritance" as per the scriptures (Deuteronomy 32:9), experienced a significant moral decline.

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They paid scant attention to the law given for their benefit, which was a valuable guide for righteous living, becoming instead easily swayed by the delusions of the Gentiles and the superstitions surrounding them. Tragically, they were excessively drawn to the prophecies of false prophets. Some idol-worshippers, residing in unclean groves, engaged in deceitful divination. Others, with the pretense of piety and claiming, "The Lord lives," concealed their wickedness under a façade of righteousness while improperly claiming the prophetic title, misappropriating the honor due to God, showcasing their own musings as divine revelation. The prophet Jeremiah addressed these brazen actions speaking to the Almighty: "This Lord, behold their prophets prophesy and say, 'You shall not see the sword, neither shall there be plague upon you, but truth and peace I will give on earth and in this place'" (Jeremiah 14:13). To this God remarked, "The prophets prophesy falsely in my name: I have not sent them, nor commanded them, neither have I spoken unto them: for visions are false, and divination, and enchantments, and sorceries, and the works of their own heart, these prophets prophesy unto you" (Jer. 14:14). Their declarations were deceitful, often fueled by disgraceful bribes to speak narratives "from their heart, and not from the mouth of the Lord" (Jer. 23:16). Rather than rejecting these false voices, the Jews glorified them, honoring them with the highest accolades. However, when the only-begotten Word of God manifested among us, the senseless trinkets of idolatry vanished completely, along with the wicked pursuits of false prophets filled with unclean spirits, who, together with the ministers of idols, faced rightful condemnation for their shared delusions—since Satan stands as the instigator of evil in both cases. Therefore, as prophesied, "I will destroy... the names of idols from the earth, and there shall be no remembrance of them"—referring to the time when the divine light will illuminate the world, and "in the hearts of them that are astray the spiritual day shall shine forth, according to that which is written, and shall light up the day" (2 Pet. 1:19), dispelling the previous darkness and its deeds. With the departure of old impurities, the devoted ascetics and true worshippers will finally embrace virtuous conduct, becoming fervent advocates for life in Christ.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

In that day, declares the Lord of Hosts, I will eliminate the names of idols from the earth, and they will no longer be remembered. I will also cast out the false prophets and the unclean spirit from the land. The LXX confirms that during that time, the Lord will eradicate all idol names, ensuring their memory is lost, along with the false prophets and unclean spirits. This day, often referenced, signifies a time when all idols will be banished, including those of which the Psalmist states, The idols of the nations are silver and gold, the works of human hands (Psalms 134:15); thus, the faith of the Christian people stands alone.

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Concerning these idols, the prophet laments: Weep, you images in Jerusalem and Samaria; for just as I have dealt with Samaria and its images, so will I deal with your idols (Isaiah 10:11). The prophet further warns of those who will stray from true faith in later times, succumbing to deceiving spirits and teachings of demons, speaking lies hypocritically, with their consciences seared (1 Timothy 4:1-2). Indeed, as artisans create idols with their hands, so too can the corrupt teachings of heretics become idols that lead people to worship something other than Christ—the Antichrist. While the Hebrew text refers simply to prophets, the term nebim (נביאים) also applies to idol priests among the Gentiles.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Let the demons flee from the brilliance of the eternal Light and dread the punishments ordained for them ahead of time! They lack knowledge of what is to come but are aware of the foretold signs. Zechariah proclaimed: And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord will destroy the names of idols from the earth, and they shall no longer be mentioned... And I will remove the unclean spirit from the earth. From this, we glean that the demons will not endure indefinitely, and their malice will not persist forever.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

It is clear that such actions were carried out by those who had faith in Christ. The Lord declares not only will I eliminate the falsehoods of idols, but I will also rescue those who engage in prophecy and are influenced by malevolent spirits from their misguided beliefs. Righteousness will dominate the world to the point that neither parent will show mercy to a child who attempts to prophesy; rather, they will bind him, scourge him, and threaten him with death. Those who dare to prophesy falsely, recognizing the dominance of holiness, will suffer a pitiable fate.

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This is reflected in the phrase, “and they shall be clothed in a skin of wool.” They will be overwhelmed with dread, turning away from immorality and instead embracing agriculture, proclaiming, “I was scarcely born when I learned this trade from my forefathers.”

Nicephorus of Constantinople

9th centuryChurch Father

Assist me, O most courageous and blessed prophet, by calling upon God in a loud voice for all to hear what the Spirit, who inspires from on high, commands you to proclaim. Speak to me and divinely declare the truth, for you are destined to express the sacred word. Indeed, the Almighty has proclaimed that the day will come when I will erase the names of idols from the earth, ensuring they will be completely forgotten. As God’s messenger, you have been purified in body, soul, and mind, making it effortless for you to learn these truths from God, share them with others, and preserve them in writing for future generations regarding the essence and mysteries of faith. Yet we, here present, find ourselves perplexed, grappling with what to address first and what to defer. What shall we say?

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Who among us can adequately extol the infinite and transcendent nature of the Spirit or Truth and truly reveal the purity and clarity of His divine revelation? Who can rightly unveil the folly and impudence of the ungodly? For there is nothing clearer and simpler than these declarations, nothing more illuminating than the light of truth that exceeds the brightness of the sun—there is no need for elaborate interpretations or convoluted reflections, nor for intricate expressions to elucidate the quoted words. The simplicity, honesty, and evident nature of the prophet's speech resist multiple interpretations, and yet many, after rigorous inquiry, twist the meaning, abandoning truth in their pursuit of personal gain, which is the behavior of those ensnared by worldly desires and the malign influence of evil spirits. What will those who have closed their spiritual eyes and deafened their ears to the voice of the Divine Spirit comprehend? Those afflicted by such blindness and apathy are indeed foolish and ignorant; the blind can see, and the deaf can hear. Who is so lost in their corruption that they cannot discern the divine brilliance of the words that have shone forth to us? Who would ignore the voices of God that resound powerfully and clearly proclaim the complete downfall of idols, save for those enveloped in the darkness of worldly insensitivity? Even if people chose silence, the very stones, moved by the undeniable truth, would cry out. Yet it seems that moral insensitivity has taken such hold of them that it surpasses even the hardness of stone. How will they defend their stance? Will they cling to their opinions, or in their futile attempt to resist, contrive a clever opposition to the truth? But who would even consider engaging in such a contest? Where would they seek a tribunal to present their case? What skill could those adept in oratory display that would quickly surface evidence? What arguments woven with deceitful charm and intent could sway the discerning? What force could logical proofs, which draw necessary conclusions from acknowledged premises, possess? Who among astute mediators or judges, equipped to thoughtfully examine arguments, would adjudicate favorably towards their ungodly fabrications? No one would be so naive as to defend clear words when the unfolding events vividly affirm their authenticity. No assistance will come from anywhere to uphold their erroneous and godless positions. By choosing the fleeting pleasures of this life over a righteous existence, they have foolishly condemned themselves to everlasting disgrace. Anyone determined to live a godly life would reject such reasoning and dismiss entirely such thoughts. Let them first listen to the Gospel pronouncements regarding when, how, and with whom the obliteration of idolatry was achieved, provided they are willing to embrace them. The one who abolished idols, vanquished error, liberated us from darkness, and granted us the knowledge of truth—Christ our Lord and God—speaks in prayer to the Father, saying: “Father, the hour is come; glorify thy Son, that thy Son also may glorify Thee: as Thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as Thou hast given him. And this is eternal life, that they might know Thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom Thou hast sent” (John 17:1-3). Furthermore, He declares, “I have manifested Thy name unto the men which Thou gavest me out of the world” (John 17:6). And again: “Neither pray I for these alone, but for them also which shall believe on me through their word; that they all may be one; as Thou, Father, art in me, and I in Thee, that they also may be one in Us: that the world may believe that Thou hast sent me” (John 17:20-21). What can be clearer than these sacred utterances concerning the knowledge of God? Has the illusion not been dispelled? Has the reign of demons not been brought to an end? Is the deception of idols not eradicated? Has the power of evil not been dissolved? Who could possibly be so blind and foolish as not to acknowledge this truth? “That they may know You the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom You have sent.” This voice has rejuvenated human nature, purified the atmosphere, opened heaven’s gates, granted us access to the divine sanctuary, made humanity companions of angels, and reconciled us, who were once estranged from God due to sin, to the Father. He will manifest God’s name through man. To this, we must also add: “I will consume the idols from the earth, and they shall not be remembered.” If indeed the words of the Savior ring true, revealing the knowledge of God and His name and marking the demise of idols—because Truth cannot deceive—it is apparent that those who oppose Him are inspired by a contrary spirit. Consequently, let the minister of the Gospel, who resonates with this prophet inspired by the same Spirit, affirm the rejection of idolatry as he writes to the Corinthians: “We know that an idol is nothing in the world, and that there is none other God but one” (1 Cor. 8:4). This assertion he continuously seeks to assert. However, to avoid conflicting with observable realities, particularly since godless individuals and lunatics possess images they miscall gods, he adds: “For though there be that are called gods, whether in heaven or in earth, (as there be gods many, and lords many), but to us there is but one God, the Father” (1 Cor. 8:5). They possess no true power; they are mere stones, wood, and depictions of demons. People, amazed not only by the majesty of celestial bodies but also foolishly venerating the sun, moon, and stars, as well as some infamous men and demons on earth, were led astray by the superstitions of pagans and barbarians. We, however, with unwavering faith, recognize the one true God in essence: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit—the Honorable and Life-giving Trinity, adored and exalted. Apart from these, no other God exists, nor will ever exist. Consequently, we affirm that an idol is nothing, just as we declare that idol sacrifices are nothing in the world. Hence, the names of idols are consequently eradicated from the earth, as a wise saying from ancient times proclaims, “For idols were of old, and shall be for ever” (Prem. 14:13). But now, when He who liberated us from idols has come, when will there be idols? What do those who invoke idols today think? If they argue that these prophetic words were fulfilled in the Jews, they should realize they have been fulfilled even more in the Christians. Just as the Jewish faith surpassed the pagans' superstitions, our faith exceeds theirs in nobility and grandeur. The law stands as a bridge between our spiritual worship and the idolatry of the unfaithful. If the pagans and barbarians, devoid of God’s illuminating knowledge and steeped in the worship of foul spirits, truly believed in their crazed thoughts, then countless virtuous martyrs of Christ endured immeasurable sufferings battling against idol delusions—struggles that, absent divine intervention, would have overwhelmed human nature. With divine grace and strength, they triumphed, raising the victorious banners of glory over the enemy, boldly dismantling altars and temples effortlessly, thereby justly receiving imperishable crowns from God, the giver of rewards. What shall we say of these remarkable and glorious figures, who, embracing asceticism, found such pursuits more gratifying than worldly pleasures and comforts, achieving extraordinary signs and miracles? How many retreated to remote places, distancing themselves from worldly distractions, enduring the harshness of the desert, living as if incorporeal and striving valiantly for the angelic lifestyle, illuminating the world with their deeds? By whose name did they heal ailments beyond human capacity for curing? By whose name did they expel demons effortlessly? Was it by offering sacrifices to idols, or rather by invoking the one true God, beseeching Him for support in their endeavors? It is clear they accomplished these feats by the power and grace of Him who acts, who bestows authority, and who instructed His disciples: “The kingdom of heaven is at hand; heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, cast out devils” (Mt. 10:7); and “In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues” (Mk. 16:17). The objections from those opposing the truth are predictable. It isn't difficult for these individuals, who foolishly attempt to discredit the Son and adopt the same mindset as the Pharisees, to assert that the saints performed miracles in the name of the prince of demons. Since they, possessing unfathomable minds (Rom. 1:28) and speaking against what ought not to be spoken, are mired in absurd reasoning, they shall justly hear: “O generation of vipers, how can ye, being evil, speak good things?” (Mt. 12:34). If Beelzebub is the master of the house, how much more so his household (Matt. 10:25), as the Savior proclaimed. How can the same individuals be honored as masters and simultaneously persecuted and reviled as unworthy slaves? Truly, thus should the kingdom of darkness turn upon itself. Their rejection of the Gospel narrative illustrates their denial of the truth of divine life and the accounts of the saints chronicled in holy scriptures. Yet, if they consider the prophetic assertions credible—something even the Devil would not dispute—they must provide proof of when and where such prophecies were fulfilled. Should they fixate on the future, envisioning another Christ to come, they will find themselves misled and in despair. With the arrival of the God of all creation, who proclaimed the kingdom of heaven, the delusion of polytheism has been dismantled, and one Lord, God, and King is worshiped and glorified above all, as this divine prophet states, and none of sound mind would challenge him: “And the Lord shall be King over all the earth: in that day shall there be one Lord, and his name one” (Zechariah 14:9). Idolatry has been thoroughly extinguished, and it is clear how and why: through the advent of Him who foretold, “I will consume the names of idols from the earth, and they shall be no more remembered,” when the grace of the saving cross shone forth and divine proclamation spread everywhere. Have not all idols been evicted, vanquished, and consigned to oblivion? If they persist, let them show themselves—where are they, who possesses them? If they do not exist—and they certainly do not—why do the detractors and false accusers unjustly blame Christians for things they never did or thought? But if these detractors are indeed consumed by delusion and superstition, let the unrighteous shame themselves, for the Church of God remains pure and above reproach. The idols lie silent, and verily, silence and deep obscurity are what they rightfully deserve. O, if only these impious individuals would remain mute like those idols!

Tertullian

3rd centuryTeacher of the Church

The necessity of education is apparent to us, yet we recognize that it should be approached with caution. For a Christian, the priority should be on learning rather than teaching, as these are distinct pursuits. If a Christian were to instruct others in secular literature that includes references to idols, they inadvertently support such beliefs by perpetuating them, affirm them with their mentions, and bear witness to their existence. They may even refer to idols as gods, despite the sacred law, which we have discussed, clearly prohibiting the use of the term God in reference to anyone else or invoking His name carelessly. Therefore, from the outset of education, the foundation of idolatry begins to take shape. It is evident that one who teaches about idol worship is participating in it.

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Conversely, when a Christian engages with this subject, if they already comprehend the nature of idolatry, they do not embrace it, nor allow it to influence them, especially if this understanding is longstanding. If they are only beginning to grasp these concepts, it is vital that they first reinforce their knowledge of God and faith. Only then will they be equipped to reject false teachings, remaining unscathed much like a person who knowingly refrains from drinking poison offered by someone unaware of its danger. While it may be claimed that teaching must occur in a certain manner, it is certainly more attainable to avoid instructing than to forego learning. Additionally, it is easier for a Christian learner than for an educator to steer clear of involvement in detestable sacred practices, both public and private.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.