The Church Fathers on this verse

Amos 2:10Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

It is I that brought you up out of the land of Egypt, and I led you forty years through the wilderness, that you might possess the land of the Amorrhite.

Douay-Rheims

וְאָנֹכִ֛י הֶעֱלֵ֥יתִי אֶתְכֶ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וָאוֹלֵ֨ךְ אֶתְכֶ֤ם בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה לָרֶ֖שֶׁת אֶת־אֶ֥רֶץ הָאֱמֹרִֽי׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

He clearly explains his previous statements and, as if retracing the prophetic narrative, briefly highlights the events that unfolded from beginning to end. "I," he declares, "rescued you from slavery and liberated you from the Egyptians’ deprivation. I sustained you in the wilderness by sending down manna from heaven, providing flowing waters, as is fitting for God, and giving forth unexpected streams from the rocky heights." Their arduous journey was not for trivial reasons; rather, it was so they might inherit the land of the Amorites, a promise made to their forefathers. Yet, they showed such folly that they seemed unable to recognize My love for them or My humanity.

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We, who are in Christ through faith, must bear in mind that we too have been freed from bondage, as if we have journeyed from Egypt to the wilderness, that is, into the pure and expansive gospel life, untouched by evil. We have received the bread from heaven, which brings life to the world (John 6:33). In Christ, we find strength and possess sources of pure water—the writings of the holy Apostles. This is what Isaiah referred to when he said, "draw water with gladness from the fountain of salvation" (Isaiah 12:3), for indeed they are the springs of salvation, imparting to us the saving and life-giving word and proclaiming the mystery of Christ and the mystery of creation.

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

You dwelled in the desert for forty years. I protected you from hunger, thirst, and heat during that time, providing you with all the comforts found in the land of the Amorites.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

I brought devastation upon the Amorites before your very eyes. They were as tall as cedars and as robust as oaks; I eradicated their fruit from above and their roots from below. I led you out of Egypt and guided you through the wilderness for forty years, to grant you the inheritance of the land of the Amorites. From your sons, I appointed prophets, and from your youthful men, I chose Nazarenes. I vanquished the Amorite whose stature was like that of a cedar and whose strength was akin to that of an oak; I desiccated his fruit above and his roots below. After journeying for forty years, I led you into the holy land to take possession of the Amorites' territory, which was subsequently divided among the descendants of Reuben, Gad, and half of the tribe of Manasseh.

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Additionally, I called forth prophets from your sons and made Nazoreans from your chosen ones, the term ‘sanctified’ being used in the Greek translation.

When speaking of the glory of God, the order of historical events is often disregarded. This can lead to instances where earlier events are mentioned later in the narrative. For example, in the Psalms, the miracles are presented based on their importance rather than their chronological sequence. In the book of Kings, we learn about Doeg the Edomite, which relates to the title of the fifty-first Psalm, before the account of Absalom’s rebellion, which is referenced in the title of the third Psalm. Thus, the annihilation of the Amorites is placed at the forefront of the narrative, while the exodus from Egypt and the forty-year journey in the desert, which are traditionally first, are talked about later.

Before your deliverance from Egypt, which was like a furnace of iron, I brought ruin upon the Amorites, whose name signifies ‘bitter’ or ‘one who speaks frequently.’ This Amorite king, known as Seon, is like a barren tree, not due to a lack of fruit, but because the fruit produced is bad. It is stated, ‘Every tree that does not produce good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire’ (Matthew 7:19). Concerning false prophets, it is written, ‘They come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravenous wolves; by their fruits, you will know them’ (Matthew 7:15-16). Therefore, a tree can be regarded as fruitless if it either yields no fruit or produces only bad fruit. Seon is about whom it is noted, ‘The axe is already at the root of the trees’ (Luke 3:9); being a tree that bore no good fruit, it was cut down by the Lord, its stature compared to that of the cedars. The psalmist reflects, ‘I have seen the wicked in great power and spreading himself like a native green tree, yet I passed by, and behold, he was no more’ (Psalms 36:35-36). Thus, before the Almighty, who transcends this age, all arrogance vanishes, and no trace of pride remains.

The Amorite king was as strong as an oak, known for its robustness and resilience. The renowned philosopher Philo suggests that Esau derived his name from the Greek word for ‘oak,’ but this name may also denote ‘doing,’ especially relating to sinful actions. In scripture, it is written that a strong man guards his possessions in peace, yet a stronger one overcomes him, seizing his armor and distributing his spoils (Luke 11:21-22).

God granted us the opportunity to obliterate this fruitless Amorite Seon, whose barrenness signifies a lack of prosperity, ensuring that none would consume the worthless fruit and face destruction. The Lord also uprooted and eliminated the roots to thwart any future growth of this poor tree. He led us out from this age, and through a period marked by suffering, we journeyed for forty years, signifying trials and tribulations, until we arrived at the holy land. There, we would take possession of the Amorites' land and choose prophets from among our sons, holy men filled with the spirit of prophecy, as detailed in the letter to the Corinthians (1 Cor. 14). From our youthful men, we selected Nazoreans and the sanctified, who, offering themselves as living sacrifices to God, abstain from intoxicating beverages, that we might inherit the strength and victory symbolized by the hair of Samson, for the man’s head is Christ.

Cross references

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