THEOSISWlastow G.K.
In verses 10 to 13, there are important guidelines for herdsmen, which, as indicated by Jacob’s words to Laban (Gen. 31:39), are ancient regulations that have long governed the relationship between large herd owners and those who entrusted their smaller herds to them for safekeeping. These guidelines specifically outline the interactions between the herd owner and the shepherds or caretakers of the herds. In the event of disputes, an oath referencing Jehovah resolved the issue; however, this only applied to secret thefts involving cattle entrusted to the herds.
Read more (109 words)
The carcasses or injured animals were to be presented to the owner, who could not claim compensation for the loss of deceased animals, as such instances were common in the life of a shepherd and could not be foreseen by either the shepherd or the owner. When theft was not overt (v. 12), meaning if the shepherd was aware of the thief and had the ability to either prevent the theft or identify the wrongdoer, the owner or shepherd who had loaned the cattle was to receive restitution. The shepherd, in turn, was entitled to receive double from the thief, with known instances warranting quadruple or even quintuple restitution.