The Church Fathers on this verse

Isaiah 66:22Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

For as the new heavens, and the new earth, which I will make to stand before me, saith the Lord: so shall your seed stand, and your name.

Douay-Rheims

כִּ֣י כַאֲשֶׁ֣ר הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם הַ֠חֳדָשִׁים וְהָאָ֨רֶץ הַחֲדָשָׁ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֥י עֹשֶׂ֛ה עֹמְדִ֥ים לְפָנַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה כֵּ֛ן יַעֲמֹ֥ד זַרְעֲכֶ֖ם וְשִׁמְכֶֽם׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

5 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

As the Lord declares, the newly created heavens and earth shall remain in His presence, so shall your descendants and your name endure. Month after month, and Sabbath after Sabbath, all humanity will gather to worship before Him in Jerusalem. Christ assures those who love Him and await His return of an unwavering hope for every good gift: “As I,” He states, “having transformed the heavens and the earth, will sustain them.” This promise signifies that, like your offspring and your name, they shall stand before Me, for we shall receive the new heavens and the new earth, as affirmed by the Scriptures (2 Pet. 3:13). The enduring hope of the saints is validated by the wisdom of Paul, who teaches that God's gifts and calling are irrevocable (Rom. 11:29). Consequently, the blessed descendants brought to God by the holy apostles will be eternally preserved and will neither perish nor fade, but will coexist alongside the renewed heavens and earth, upheld by Christ, our Redeemer.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

For just as the new heavens and the new earth, which I establish to endure before Me, says the Lord, your descendants and your name will endure. There shall be month after month, and Sabbath after Sabbath; all flesh will come to worship before My presence, declares the Lord. The same is stated in the Greek version: just as the new heavens and the new earth, which I create to remain before Me, says the Lord, your seed shall stand, and your name will endure. From month to month, and from Sabbath to Sabbath, all flesh will appear to worship before My presence in Jerusalem unto the Lord. When He proclaims, I will select some of them to serve as priests and Levites, He signals that the former priesthood, which was assigned to the tribe of Levi, has been abolished.

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This priesthood was based on natural descent rather than selection. As the priesthood transitioned, it became essential to also transfer the law, expanding the election to those who would receive the priesthood not through lineage but through merit and virtue, coming from the islands of the nations to proclaim the glory of the Lord. They shall come in on chariots, horses, strollers, mules, and carts. Similarly, as there will be a new heaven and a new earth, it cannot be asserted that ‘Heaven and earth shall pass away’ (Matt. 24:35), nor can it be said that ‘the heavens shall be rolled up like a scroll, and the earth shall be made desolate through corruption’ (Rev. 6). In all these new aspects, there will be a new people of God as Scriptures declare, ‘The old has passed away; behold, the new has come’ (2 Cor. 5:17); and in another instance: ‘If anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation’ (2 Cor. 5:17). A new nation shall also arise, beginning with Christ, followed by those who belong to Him at His coming (1 Cor. 15:23), and a new heaven and earth, encapsulated in the beatitudes: Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven; blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth (Matt. 5:3-5). The entire creation now groans in anticipation, subjected to futility in hope because of Him who subjected it (Rom. 8). They shall be liberated from the bondage of decay, sharing in the glory of the children of God, who will become His children and stand eternally before His presence, with their names enduring forever to prevent another nation from taking their place, as happened with the Jews. He affirms that there will be a month from month and a Sabbath from Sabbath, where from the physical Sabbaths and months will emerge a spiritual Sabbath, observed by the people of God, and a spiritual month, where the moon, from its beginning to its full state, will flow according to its designated order, marking out a month, referred to in Greek as νεοιχηνίαι, meaning the start of a new month. The Greeks did not align the start of the month with the sun's cycle but with the moon's transitions. This moon has been praised in the context of the true Solomon, ‘And it shall be with the sun, and before the moon of generations’ (Psalm 71:5). In the Song of Songs, it is described as the chosen one: who shines as bright as morning, good as the moon, chosen as the sun attracting wonder (Song of Songs 6:9). Scientists, particularly those exploring the celestial realm, affirm that the moon does not possess its own light but shines with the sun's rays. On the side closest to the sun, it remains perpetually illuminated and unshaded by the earth’s shadow, as the poet observes: And also its moon rises, borrowing its light from its brother. If this holds truth, then we can figuratively deduce that the Church, which traverses the world and endures persecution, and when emerged from the darkness of temptation, receives its light anew from the Sun of Righteousness. This aligns with the words, ‘And the light of the moon will be as the light of the sun’ (Isaiah 30:26), and the righteous among its inhabitants will radiate like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. According to these months, the eternally restored seed of David arrives at its festivals, which the holy one declared with mysterious utterance: ‘I have thought of eternal summers and have learned’ (Ps. 76:6). Regarding the Sabbath, which symbolizes rest, we have elaborated on in the prophecy regarding the coming of the eunuchs. Now, briefly, we acknowledge that they gather during the New Months and Sabbaths, hastening towards the seventh day, which represents true rest. Concerning these festivals, the apostle Paul exhorted the believers, stating, ‘For the law has a shadow of the good things to come’ (Hebrews 10:1). Again, he advises, ‘Let no one judge you in food or drink, or regarding a festival or a new moon or Sabbaths, which are a shadow of things to come’ (Col. 2:16). Since this was a precursor, a mere reflection of the greater benefits to come, the entirety of the law ought to be interpreted spiritually; as Apostle Paul noted, ‘For we know that the law is spiritual’ (Rom. 7:14), which is also what David sought to comprehend, pleading, ‘Open my eyes, that I may behold wondrous things from Your law’ (Ps. 118:18). The visible realm is fleeting, while the invisible is eternal (2 Cor. 4:18). A brief exploration of all this is not the focus for the present. For what eye has not seen, nor ear heard, nor have entered into the heart of man the things God has prepared for those who love Him (1 Cor. 2:9), can we venture to summarize the full scope of the law as if it were a depiction of the entire world on a compact tablet? Regarding the assertion that all flesh shall come to worship before My presence, it’s pivotal to note that in the Hebrew text, it merely states before Me, rather than in Jerusalem, to counteract the arrogance of the Jews, affirming instead the Lord’s proclamation in the Gospel: ‘Truly, truly, I say to you, an hour is coming when neither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem will you worship the Father’ (John 4:21). And again, it is stated: ‘God is Spirit, and those who worship Him must worship in spirit and truth’ (John 4:24). The Apostle also proclaimed: ‘I desire therefore that the men pray everywhere, lifting up holy hands’ (1 Tim. 2:8). When we say that all flesh signifies not just the Jewish people but all of humanity, it resonates with the scripture once again: ‘All flesh shall see the salvation of God’ (Is. 40:5). Furthermore, as noted in Joel, ‘I will pour out My Spirit upon all flesh, and your sons and daughters shall prophesy’ (Joel 2:28). In Zechariah, it states, ‘Let all flesh be silent before the Lord’ (Zech. 2:13), and in the Psalms, we hear, ‘To You, all flesh shall come’ (Psalm 64:2). In another Psalm, it is expressed: ‘All the nations You have made shall come and worship before You, O Lord, and shall glorify Your name’ (Psalm 85:9). The phrase month of month and Sabbath of Sabbath, within which all flesh will gather to worship God, is misinterpreted by those who hold a chiliastic view—known as millenarians—believing that those who are near will visit Jerusalem every Sabbath; those further away, every month; and the very distant will come once a year, on Passover or Feast of Tabernacles, in line with Zechariah stating: ‘They shall come up yearly to worship the King, the Lord of Hosts, and keep the Feast of Tabernacles’ (Zechariah 14:16). Furthermore, to elicit laughter from audiences, they misinterpret the concluding claim of Zechariah’s book, ‘And there shall no longer be any merchant in the house of the Lord of Hosts on that day’ (Zechariah 14:21), to suggest that in a thousand years, merchants will cease to exist altogether, as everything will be available everywhere, eliminating the need for trade.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

In urging us to remain firm in our faith, God proclaims that just as He will transform all of creation and usher in a new existence, He will safeguard your lineage forever, not only you but also those who come to believe through your witness. The prophet spoke of the heavenly order and the diverse beings dwelling there, of whom the Lord declared, "Many are the abodes of my Father" (Jn 14:2), signifying a distinction among the worthy. This pertains to those who perpetually celebrate, rejoice, and engage in joyful dances. Through these observations, He illustrated the reality of perpetual punishment, wherein there exists an unquenchable flame and a ceaseless worm. This warning of judgment is intended not solely for them but for all who disregard His divine ordinances. In order to escape their doom and turn away from wickedness, we must strive to be among those who are filled with joy and partake in the festivities.

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

Scripture... (Ezekiel 1:18) reveals the Lord's promise of His closeness, stating, ‘As the heavens are new, and the earth new, which I create, remain before Me, saith the Lord, so shall your seed become, and your name.’ Those who genuinely stand in the presence of the Lord are those who do not squander their lives in unrighteousness.

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

The concept of the new heavens and new earth refers to the New Testament Church (Isaiah 65:17), which will radiate in the world like the stars, thriving and producing fruit akin to a bountiful land. This New Testament Church remains in the presence of the Lord, meaning it will endure until the culmination of the age, unlike the Old Testament Church, which was established only until Christ's first advent. Thus, the Lord declares to the leaders of the New Testament Church, "your seed and your name shall continue until the end of the age." This promise is directed towards the leadership in the New Testament Church, which will persist seamlessly through their successors (seed) of the Apostolic ministry and their associates until the age concludes. Their roles, designated as bishops, priests, and deacons, will last eternally, enduring until the return of Christ.

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