The Church Fathers on this verse

Judges 6:19Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

So Gedeon went in, and boiled a kid, and made unleavened loaves of a measure of flour: and putting the flesh in a basket, and the broth of the flesh into a pot, he carried all under the oak, and presented to him.

Douay-Rheims

וְגִדְע֣וֹן בָּ֗א וַיַּ֤עַשׂ גְּדִֽי־עִזִּים֙ וְאֵיפַת־קֶ֣מַח מַצּ֔וֹת הַבָּשָׂר֙ שָׂ֣ם בַּסַּ֔ל וְהַמָּרַ֖ק שָׂ֣ם בַּפָּר֑וּר וַיּוֹצֵ֥א אֵלָ֛יו אֶל־תַּ֥חַת הָאֵלָ֖ה וַיַּגַּֽשׁ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

2 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

Jerabalus, also known as Gideon, encountered the angel while he was threshing wheat in the grinder. Obeying the angel’s command, he quickly prepared a goat, placed the meat and unleavened bread on a stone, and poured out the broth. The angel then touched the offering with his staff, and fire emerged from the stone, consuming the sacrifice. This act of winnowing wheat symbolizes the distinction between the grain of virtue and the chaff of vice through divine judgment. The angel embodies this separation, as those who earnestly cleanse themselves of outer distractions receive deeper revelations of inner truths from the Lord. The directive to sacrifice a goat signifies the need to relinquish all fleshly desires, presenting the meat upon the stone and pouring the broth over it.

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The stone represents Christ, as Paul notes, “But the stone was Christ” (1 Cor. 10:4). By placing the meat on the stone, we emulate Christ through the crucifixion of our bodies. The act of pouring out the broth reflects the one who, following Christ's example, renounces even the carnal thoughts. It illustrates how when the mind liberates itself from the flow of worldly thoughts, the broth is transferred from flesh to the stone. Immediately, the angel touches us with his staff, signifying that God's assistance accompanies our efforts. Then fire arises from the stone to consume the broth and meat; this represents the Spirit, sent by the Redeemer, igniting within our hearts a fire of repentance that devours all unrighteousness in our actions and thoughts.

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

Gideon, after leaving the angel beneath the oak tree, returned home where he slaughtered a goat, prepared its meat, and baked some unleavened bread using an ephah of flour. He arranged the meat and bread in a basket and poured the broth into a pot before taking everything to his guest under the oak. It is clear from this that he intended to offer a meal rather than a sacrifice, since meat for sacrifices is presented raw rather than cooked. However, how should we interpret Gideon's promise of a sacrifice instead of a simple meal? Gideon may have reasoned that here was a stranger who had come to visit him, and in accordance with the tradition of hospitality, he ought to provide for him, similar to how Abraham hosted his travelers. Yet, his visitor spoke in a manner befitting only God.

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It wasn’t food that should honor God, but rather a sacrifice. However, how could he offer a sacrifice to his guest as though he were God, given that he had not yet received any clear sign of the visitor's divine nature? Would it not be a sin to treat him as God through a sacrifice if he might merely be a man? Therefore, Gideon decided to offer him a meal as he would any guest. Yet, he added that if his guest were indeed the Lord God, then He should transform the meal into a sacrifice and provide a sign to indicate that the offering was pleasing to Him, thereby confirming His divinity, which alone deserves offerings. Gideon contemplated this as he presented the prepared food before his guest, perhaps saying, if you are merely human, enjoy my bread and salt. But if you are indeed God, grant me a sign, so that I may know that you accept my food as a fitting sacrifice for the divine. Thus, while Gideon prepared a meal for his visitor, he held a deeper intention of making a sacrifice.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.