The Church Fathers on this verse

Numbers 5:15Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

He shall bring her to the priest, and shall offer an oblation for her, the tenth part of a measure of barley meal: he shall not pour oil thereon, nor put frankincense upon it: because it is a sacrifice of jealousy, and an oblation searching out adultery.

Douay-Rheims

וְהֵבִ֨יא הָאִ֣ישׁ אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ֮ אֶל־הַכֹּהֵן֒ וְהֵבִ֤יא אֶת־קָרְבָּנָהּ֙ עָלֶ֔יהָ עֲשִׂירִ֥ת הָאֵיפָ֖ה קֶ֣מַח שְׂעֹרִ֑ים לֹֽא־יִצֹ֨ק עָלָ֜יו שֶׁ֗מֶן וְלֹֽא־יִתֵּ֤ן עָלָיו֙ לְבֹנָ֔ה כִּֽי־מִנְחַ֤ת קְנָאֹת֙ ה֔וּא מִנְחַ֥ת זִכָּר֖וֹן מַזְכֶּ֥רֶת עָוֺֽן׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

The one who harbored jealousy towards his spouse was given a task involving sensuality. The soul, attached to the physical form and unfamiliar with anything spiritual, deeply immersed in sensual pleasures, was intended to be guided from the tangible to the intangible.

Why was barley chosen instead of coarse grains or wheat? Just as the circumstances involved trouble, blame, and the insinuation of wrongdoing, the outward appearance of the offering reflected the household's misfortune.

Cyrill of Alexandria

5th centuryChurch Father

This is the decree. However, the extensive discussion presented here is aptly summarized in a few key insights by the inspired Paul, who states, ‘For we must all appear before the judgement of Christ, that each one may receive accordingly what he did while he lived in the body, whether good or bad’ (2 Cor. 5:10). Palladius. This is indeed a true observation; still, please elaborate on the specifics of each of the mandates. Cyril. It was instructed that a wife, who is suspected of infidelity and faces unfounded accusations, should be presented before a priest, laid bare before the Lord. This implies that all will ultimately be revealed before Christ.

Read more (226 words)

Subsequently, it was decreed that an offering be made on her behalf, consisting of barley flour, not enriched with Lebanon or saturated with oil; for this signifies a sacrifice of jealousy, which serves as a reminder of transgression. Thus, it is clear that each person's life ascends to God as a sort of foul odor; for those who have indulged in carelessness, their numerous wrongdoings are laid bare, while those striving for righteousness present a testament to their virtue. Therefore, it is rightly stated that the offerings of the innocent are composed of wheat flour, enhanced with Lebanon and accompanied by oil; for any life deemed worthy—of which wheat flour is a fitting symbol—will be viewed by the loving God as pleasant and joyful. On the other hand, barley flour serves as a clear indication of a disordered life, more suited for beasts than for humans; it reflects a lack of restraint in lust and an unchecked yearning for sinful pleasures. Therefore, the wife, charged with immoral conduct, offered barley flour unto God, devoid of Lebanon and oil, which signifies the absence of joy and fragrance; this is a sacrificial act that underscores sin. And where sin is brought to remembrance, joy cannot exist, for the one being judged exists not in the hope of receiving crowns, but rather in the dread of condemnation and fire.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

Why was fine flour presented for those suspected of infidelity? The Lord Himself provided clarification. For He stated: ‘The offering associated with jealousy represents a memorial offering, one that brings sin to remembrance.’ Thus, He instructed that no oil or water should accompany it, for this offering lacks the aroma and illumination of righteousness. The Lord God has ordained it in this manner, aware of humanity's inclination toward violence. To prevent them from harming their partners based on mere suspicion, He mandated that the accused be brought before Him, for He possesses the wisdom to know all matters, even those concealed from sight.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.