Proverbs 5:18Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Here is the paraphrased text:

This is what he expresses concerning a wife in a sacred union: Why abandon your partner and seek the one who stands against you? Why turn from the companion in your journey and give satisfaction to the one who disturbs your peace? The former is your ally and flesh, while the latter is a dangerous weapon. Therefore, dear ones, avoid infidelity, both for the troubles it brings now and for the consequences that await.

Many have expressed concern over the fragility of human existence, yet among the finest are St. Job and St. David. Job is characterized by his intense emotions, unyielding spirit, and a fierce demeanor, as the weight of his profound agony appears to elevate him to the heights of divine contemplation. In contrast, David exemplifies gentleness and tranquility; his demeanor reflects that of the graceful deer he chose to emulate (cf. Ps. 41:2). It should not be surprising to find such a significant prophet likened to an animal, as the apostle teaches, "Be wise as serpents, and innocent as doves" (Matt. 10:16).

It can be observed that certain passages of Sacred Scripture require a historical understanding, such as the declaration: ‘In the beginning God created heaven and earth.’ Conversely, other passages are to be interpreted analogically, for instance: ‘the fountain of thy water shall be thine alone.’ If we choose not to seek a specific, deeper significance in this context, we would, in effect, be attributing a distressing aspect to God’s nature, suggesting that He denies anyone the chance to access the life-giving water that a known spring provides. Therefore, it is evident that this imagery pertains to a lawful wife, who is meant to be delightful to her rightful husband, reflecting the essence of spring water—pure and free from any illicit associations.

The teacher imparts to his youthful followers the insightful legacy of his parents, cautioning them against the allure of foreign women, and encouraging them to seek joy and affection within their own households. He emphasizes the importance of doing so without hesitation, for all paths of humanity are known to God, and any divergence from His commandments is met with severe consequences.

The source of your joy shall come from within, and you shall delight in the companionship of your wife, who has been with you since your youth. This counsel mirrors the earlier verse's guidance, emphasizing the importance of happiness with the wife of your youth. It encourages you to cherish the relationship you established in your younger days and to cultivate a partnership that allows you to experience comfort and joy, even as you grow older alongside her. Your wellspring of joy shall be yours, and you will find delight in the company of your wife, your companion since youth. The essence of this message is consistent with previous teachings, urging you to nurture the bond formed in youth and to strive to foster a relationship that brings solace and joy throughout the years.