The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 113 (112):7Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Raising up the needy from the earth, and lifting up the poor out of the dunghill:

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

מְקִֽימִ֣י מֵעָפָ֣ר דָּ֑ל מֵֽ֝אַשְׁפֹּ֗ת יָרִ֥ים אֶבְיֽוֹן׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

10 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Exalting those of humble status is the work of an immense and indescribable power. Conversely, it is noted that God brings down the proud, as seen in the scripture: ‘He causes the destruction of a fortress, and brings calamity upon a stronghold’ (Am. 5:9). It is emphasized here that He also has the capacity to elevate the lowly. This encapsulates the broader message being conveyed. Yet, for those who perceive it in a metaphorical light, it becomes evident that this has been realized among the Gentiles and continues to manifest in us, the people living at the advent of Christ. What could be more destitute than our human nature? Nevertheless, Christ has lifted it, integrating it along with our lineage into the heavenly realm and positioning it at the right hand of the Father.

Read more (46 words)

‘And from the pus He lifted up the wretched, that He might set him down with princes, with the princes of His people.’ Here, the term 'pus' denotes the fragility and constant transience that stems from it, implying that nothing is challenging or unmanageable for God.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

When you listen to the Psalms proclaiming, “Praise the Lord, O children” (Psalm 112:1), do not think that this call does not extend to you, whether you are flourishing in life's prime or experiencing the noble wisdom of old age. The Apostle reminds us, “Brethren, be not children in understanding; but in malice be children, but in understanding be men.” What type of malice is this but pride? It is pride, asserting a false sense of greatness, that hinders one from walking the narrow path and entering through the narrow gate; however, a child finds it easy to pass through that tight entrance. Thus, it is stated that none shall enter the kingdom of heaven except those who are like children. Praise the Name of the Lord.

Read more (842 words)

Therefore, let it be continually declared: “Blessed be the Name of the Lord, from henceforth and forever” (Psalm 111:2). Let this praise resound everywhere: “From the rising of the sun to its setting, praise the Name of the Lord” (Psalm 111:3).

If any of the holy children rejoicing in the Name of the Lord were to ask me, “Why is the Name of the Lord not blessed before all ages?” I would respond to the humble inquirer. It is said to you, both teachers and learners, “Praise the Name of the Lord; blessed be His Name.” You start to praise, and your praises should be unceasing. Furthermore, this passage may emphasize humility over childhood; the proud, who possess a false sense of grandeur, lack the ability to genuinely exalt the Lord. Hence, let the elderly embody childlike humility and your childhood reflect the wisdom of age; ensure your pride does not accompany wisdom, nor your humility lack understanding, so that you may forever offer praises to the Lord. Wherever the Church of Christ exists among her innocent saints, may we praise the Name of the Lord, from dawn to dusk.

The Lord is exalted above all nations (Psalm 111:4). The nations represent humanity, and is it any surprise that the Lord is higher than all men? They look worshipfully to the celestial bodies—the sun, moon, and stars, neglecting their Creator. Not only is the Lord above all the nations, but His glory surpasses even the heavens. The heavens gaze upon Him, recognizing His sovereignty, while those who humble themselves find Him residing with them, not worshipping the heavens as substitutes.

Who is like the Lord our God, who inhabits such heights, yet considers the humble? (Psalm 111:5). Some might perceive that He resides in the lofty heavens to observe the lowly on earth, yet He pays attention to the humble of both heaven and earth (Psalm 112:6). Is His lofty dwelling a place where He observes these humble beings? He elevates the humble to prevent them from becoming proud. Thus, He resides in those who He lifts high, making them His dwelling. He sees the humble not only as they remain submissive but also acknowledges them as He dwells on high. As stated through Isaiah, “Thus saith the Most High, who dwelleth on high, who dwelleth in eternity; the Lord Most High, who dwelleth in the holy.” This clarifies His high dwelling, emphasizing His presence in the holy.

We also find it appropriate to question whether the Lord our God perceives the same humility in both heaven and earth, or if there exists a distinct humility in heaven. If He observes a different quality of humility above and below, perhaps He sees in heaven those He has called and among whom He dwells, while on earth, He sees those whom He invites to welcome Him within. Some meditate on heavenly aspirations, while others remain caught up in earthly desires. Yet it is challenging to consider those yet to submit to Christ as humble. The sacred writings frequently urge us to understand the holy through the concept of humility.

Possibly, when referencing heaven, it pertains to those who shall reign on twelve thrones alongside the Lord (Matthew 19:28), while earth refers to the greater multitude of the blessed who will stand on His right side, receiving eternal glory through acts of mercy, establishing friendships through the wealth of unrighteousness in this life (Luke 16:9). He raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the ashes (Psalm 112:7), positioning them alongside princes and the leaders of His people (Psalm 111:8). Thus, let not the lofty overlook their need for humility beneath the Lord’s mighty hand.

Although the faithful steward may find himself destined to judge angels (Matthew 19:28) seated among the princes, he too is lifted out of the dust by the beggar and elevated from the grime of sin. Have we indeed heard of the humble whom the Lord respects on earth in light of the humble lifted to royalty in heaven? While those who will rule with the Lord might be few, countless others shall receive His eternal abode. Though a grain pile may seem small in comparison to the individual tares, it results in a bountiful harvest when viewed in its entirety.

The Church expresses this sentiment, not indicating a lack of offspring from those who have relinquished everything to follow Christ to their thrones (Matthew 19:28), but rather acknowledging the many who, while making friends out of unjust wealth (Luke 16:9), stand ready to serve others with love. Therefore, He elevates the one who was lowly to sit among the nobility of His people and transforms the barren woman into a joyful mother of children (Psalm 111:9). The One who dwells on high witnesses both the humble in heaven and earth, the descendants of Abraham as numerous as the stars in the sky, rising in holiness in the eternal abode, and as countless as the sands on the seashore, graciously gathered from the tumultuous waves of iniquity.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

Though the psalmist earnestly adheres to the truth, he recognizes that it is not his own merits that draw Christ's presence, but rather the boundless mercy of Heaven. Thus, he continuously implores, “Do not forsake me, O Lord my God, do not depart from me” (Psalms 37:22). In other words, while humanity has abandoned him, his friends have turned against him, and his neighbors distance themselves as though he were dead. They have fled from him and harbored hatred towards him because he longs to confess his sins to You, surrendering himself to be chastised; he has chosen the marks of suffering over earthly banquets or the pride of the powerful. You are the only one who remains by my side; You are with Your servant, lifting the needy from the dust (See: Psalm 112:7).

Read more (916 words)

Strengthened by You, I feel mightier than the nations that surround me. My wounds are decayed (See: Psalm 37:6). Yet, I still desire the scars of Your discipline, which, once healed, leave no trace of sores behind. The marks of triumph are beautiful—so splendid are the victors of worldly confrontations! However, even more glorious are the injuries endured for the truth and for the honor of Your name. Such wounds open the gates of Heaven, secure the Kingdom, and grant eternal life. Hence, dear brethren, such wounds are blessed, as are those who have cleansed their garments in blood. Thus, this mortal body begins to transform into a robe of glory, where Paul, the chosen servant of God, was exposed until he requested deliverance from this body of death (See: Rom. 7:24). Therefore, while we inhabit this body of mortality, we beseech the beloved Healer not to abandon us. Patriarch David pleaded for His presence, and we ourselves, already seeking healing, surrender to the remedies He provides. One does not instruct a physician on how to treat ailments; the healer understands which remedies are appropriate for various conditions. The physician knows when to surgically remove a festering wound to prevent a dire affliction from spreading throughout the body. If the doctor prescribes a treatment and the patient dismisses it in disdain, the doctor will step away, leaving the patient to their fate. Observe the individual yearning for restoration: they willingly accept whatever course of action the doctor deems fit, heeding every instruction; they first reveal their wounds and implore, “Cure me, but I humbly ask that you not be wrathful, for I am frail and may not withstand harsh treatment.” Christ heals through reproof, for the Lord confronts those He seeks to redeem. Thus, Paul instructs the physician to “reprove, rebuke, and exhort” (2 Tim. 4:2). One who wishes to be corrected does not shy away from treatment (See: Psalm 37:2) but rather seeks to lessen the severity of the judgment—to avoid condemnation in anger or scorn in wrath.

Notice the sequence: first, they request to be shown their failings, and more significantly—they ask for correction. Additionally, they not only acknowledge their wrongdoings but enumerate them, openly confessing to avoid concealing their sins. This occurs with a serious illness: when a fever takes hold, one cannot be cured instantly; however, realization of the ailment provides hope for recovery. Sin behaves similarly: while concealed, it torments, but once confessed, it dissipates. Thus, a righteous person acknowledges their guilt at the outset (Proverbs 18:18), before the infection reaches deeper; unexamined sin burdens the conscience if no remedy is sought. If the physician hesitates, the afflicted should promptly approach them. In this manner, David placed himself under divine correction, saying, “Recompense me double for my transgressions” (See: Isaiah 40:2). While You absolve sins in this life, do not forsake me; do not turn Your face from me (Psalms 26:9), reject me not, nor be disheartened by the stench of my transgressions! And Job, Your servant, endured sores from head to foot (See: Job 2:7) but found a path to salvation even though his afflictions stemmed from righteousness, while mine arise from sin. His sores were festering, beyond the reach of earthly healers. You, O Lord, unveiled the mysteries of Your salvation, exposed the venom of the serpent, and through Your word alone healed the wounds of Your servant Job, for You did not abandon him. “Forsake me not, O Lord my God, forsake me not” (Psalm 37:22)! Humanity has abandoned me because of my revolting wounds; I willingly reveal these sores to Your loving care. People say, “Depart from us because you are a sinner; do not defile us!” But You, O Lord, heal without contamination, assist without becoming tainted, for You are the God of salvation, O Lord, and Your right hand delivers and does not destroy.

We concluded the psalm with an interpretation of this section not found in some Greek and Latin manuscripts. Prior to the next responsory, recite the line: “They cast me away like a loathsome corpse” (Psalm 37:21b). This phrase is retained only in the Arabic version, signifying they have repaid me with malice for my goodwill. Yet You do not abandon me, O Lord my God, do not depart from me (Psalm 37:22), which means: You do not forsake me; Your care extends even to the lifeless and the decomposed. We read in the Gospel how, when He approached Lazarus's tomb, He commanded, “Take away the stone.” Martha responded, “He already stinks, for he has been dead four days.” Jesus replied, “Did I not tell you that if you believed, you would see the glory of God?” (John 11:39-40). He called Lazarus, and he emerged unharmed. Let us also have faith and apply to our wounds the healing of salvation and future glory!

Our prayers and pleas, accompanied by pain and tears, should seek repentance so that we may be honored to witness this glory of God. And do not be troubled by the affliction, pain, and decay that the body undergoes, causing intense suffering. Though they may appear grave, such trials are inconsequential compared to the glory that is to come, of which the apostle Paul testifies (See: Rom. 8:18). Let us not be ashamed to endure lighter burdens on Earth that we may receive full praise and glory in Heaven, achieving eternal rewards through the Lord Jesus. To Him be praise, glory, honor, and everlasting dominion, now and forevermore. Amen.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

The blessed Anna expressed her gratitude to God with a song of praise, as recorded in 1 Samuel 2:8. Evidently, the Almighty continues to act in remarkable ways for all humanity; He elevated the shepherd David to the throne of kingship. Likewise, Joseph, who experienced the depths of servitude, was brought to the heights of royalty. Moses, initially a caretaker of sheep, was appointed as the leader of His people and became like a divine figure to Pharaoh. Moreover, God transformed nations trapped in the despair of sin, allowing them to partake in the blessings granted to Israel.

Read more (43 words)

He lifted and exalted human nature, which had sunk to the lowest state of mortality, ‘above every rule and authority and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age, but also in that which is to come’ (Eph. 1:21).

Maximus the Confessor

7th centuryChurch Father

From the dust, He elevates the humble; from the brightness, He uplifts the afflicted. This refers to those burdened by worldly desires and impurities. He exalts the spiritually poor, lacking moral decay and proficiency in it, or, conversely, those ensnared by the passions and the fleshly law, thus finding themselves destitute in grace regarding virtue and understanding. Mystagogy.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

Through the use of earth and refuse, David references what is deemed insignificant and extols the might of God, who effortlessly transforms things according to His will, as Theodoret articulates. He elevates the humble and the lowly, turning them into individuals of wealth and importance, and grants glory and renown to those once deemed insignificant and poor.

Tichon of Zadonsk

18th centuryChurch Father

God possesses the power to elevate both the wealthy and the destitute, to bring down the exalted as well as to raise the lowly, as affirmed in Scripture: Out of the dust He lifts up the poor, out of the dust He exalts the poor, to set him with the princes, with the princes of his people (Psalm 112:7-8). What merit does a man find in the status he holds today, which may be deemed trivial tomorrow by another? Why look down upon a brother who seems lesser now, when he may soon rise above? Numerous instances of such shifts are evident in the world around us. Pride is continually brought low, while humility is consistently elevated. God stands against the proud, yet bestows grace upon the humble (1 Pet. 5:5). Reflect on the example of Christ's humility, follow in His footsteps, and you will always find yourself uplifted.

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

In this passage, the Prophet illustrates God's sovereign governance by highlighting the various transformations that occur in the world, often mistakenly attributed to mere chance. He asserts that these unexpected changes are entirely rooted in the divine will of God. If the natural order were unchanging, people might attribute occurrences to nature alone; however, the variations we observe serve as a reminder of the unseen Providence that governs our world. Due to mankind's tendency to overlook this truth, the Prophet urges us to marvel at God's Providence in remarkable events. When common folk, such as shepherds, rise to positions of honor, it profoundly affects our perception and stirs our senses with such surprising news.

Read more (62 words)

This illustrates the Prophet's intent: rather than presenting the creation of heaven and earth as he has elsewhere, he emphasizes that the divine hand is more clearly demonstrated in extraordinary acts. The significance of this miracle is heightened as he notes that God not only elevates the humble and insignificant but also elevates them to stand among the rulers of His people.

Ireneus (Orda)

19th centuryCommentator

In this hymn, whose author and date remain uncertain, the psalmist calls the Israelites, particularly the young men, to offer praise to the Lord (v.1), which should constantly (v.2) and universally (v.3) be proclaimed. "Otrots," in traditional contexts, refers to servants; here it denotes servants of the one true God, distinguishing them from idol worshippers. The divine name reveals God's nature, as He manifests Himself everywhere (including amongst Gentiles through His revelation in nature) as deserving of adoration. Thus, He is to be exalted in all places and at all times. God, who is infinitely glorious, rules over the entire cosmos (over all nations), and even the heavens cannot contain His majesty (v.4).

Read more (224 words)

However, in His remarkable grandeur, God also chooses to stoop down with His mercies to the most lowly of His creation (vv. 5-6), with the intention to elevate them and grant them joy (vv. 7-9). His sovereignty over nations may have recently been displayed as He defended His seemingly vulnerable people against those who sought to harm them. As the Creator, He surpasses the heavens and reigns over all (vv. 7-9). These verses illustrate the humble looking up; they demonstrate the effect of God's gracious humility toward those suffering (vv. 7-8) and those who are barren and faced with scorn, lacking solid support in their homes. Being situated in the dust and on the refuse heap signifies utmost poverty and helplessness. The barren woman faces an increased risk of being cast out through divorce, unlike her fruitful counterpart who secures a place in the family—a blessing from God, which brings her great happiness; see 1 Samuel 1 and 2 for reference. This psalm marks the beginning of what the Jews term the "Hallel," encompassing Psalms 112 to 117, which was recited eighteen times each year during worship in the second temple, particularly during the new month. During the Passover meal, it was divided into two parts: the first half was sung before the second cup and the latter after the fourth (see Mt. 26:30).

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

This psalm serves as an expression of gratitude to God, akin to the one that precedes it, sharing the same title. The prophet addresses all individuals as youthful, encouraging them to offer a song of joyful praise to God from a place of humility and innocence. He proclaims the magnificence and compassion of His humanity, rich in empathy, because from His infinite heights He shows care for those below, particularly the impoverished and vulnerable, who, in their humility, seek mercy for the sake of Christ. Christ, who embraced poverty and humiliated Himself for all, enables everyone to become enriched through His humility, thus elevating them to the glory of the heavenly realm.

Read more (65 words)

This includes youth, those newly illuminated by baptism, and those who possess a childlike disposition tainted by malice. It is crucial for individuals to honor God not only through their words but more so through their actions, as the Lord declared: ‘Let your light so shine before man, that they may see your good deeds and glorify your Father who is in Heaven’ (Matthew 5:16).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.