The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 50 (49):15Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And call upon me in the day of trouble: I will deliver thee, and thou shalt glorify me.

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

וּ֭קְרָאֵנִי בְּי֣וֹם צָרָ֑ה אֲ֝חַלֶּצְךָ֗ וּֽתְכַבְּדֵֽנִי׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

10 Church Fathers comment on this verse · 12 commentaries

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Have you witnessed the immense overflow of reward? What can match this kind of humanity when God bestows blessings for virtue itself, blessings far beyond mere labor, and at the most opportune moment? Why does He urge us to ‘Call upon Me’? What does He anticipate from our calling? It is to cultivate within us a deeper affection, a more fervent love for Him through His generosity, alongside our longing and receiving of Him. Truly, virtue fosters affection for God, while rewards do the same, with prayer further reinforcing this love. Hence, He declares, “Give unto Me, and I will give unto thee.” In the very act of giving, you receive, for He lacks nothing.

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Thus, if you possess meekness, temperance, and purity, you add nothing to God, yet you achieve the utmost purity for yourself—nonetheless, He grants the greatest rewards and crowns for your efforts, as if you had benefited Him. Even before receiving those crowns, you find joy in peace of conscience and are filled with hopeful aspirations. The prophet refers to ‘the day of affliction’ not as days of misfortune or difficulty but as the moment when sin attacks you, when the adversary besieges you, instilling sinful desires; in that time, he promises, you shall receive great aid. “And I will deliver you, and you shall glorify Me.” God expresses this not because He requires our glorification—how could the God of glory need it?—but because when we lift our voices in praise, we recall His grace, stirring our deepest affections for Him, and ultimately, we attain the highest joy. It is accurate to say that the prophet names the future day ‘the day of tribulation’; tribulation will be unceasing. Here, death can end tribulation, while comforting friends or the hope of changing circumstances can ease the soul's sufferings as well as those of our neighbors, since sharing in tribulation and witnessing others' similar experiences can bring great comfort to many. However, there is nothing of that sort there; no one offers consolation, and all are bereft of friends; neither does the passage of time alleviate suffering, especially when the flame of affliction burns relentlessly; hope for rescue is futile because this punishment is eternal; and the anticipation of death is meaningless since torment is infinite, and the bodies that endure it are immortal. Additionally, what some may view as solace—witnessing others in suffering—is impossible; the darkness acts as a barrier, obscuring sight, and the intensity of suffering denies any sense of comfort. Thus, the rich man found no relief, nor did those who gnashed their teeth.

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

Adding to the significance of these offerings, He proclaims: “Sacrifice praise to God, and fulfill your vows to the Most High; when you call upon Me in the day of distress, I will rescue you, and you shall honor Me” (Psalm 49:14-15). Likewise, through another prophet, He queries: “How can I come before the Lord and bow before the God of heaven? Should I approach Him with burnt offerings or with year-old calves? Will the Lord be pleased with thousands of rams or with endless rivers of oil? Should I give my firstborn for my transgressions, the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul?” He answers mankind clearly about what is good and what the Lord demands: to act justly, show mercy, and walk humbly with your God” (Micah 6:6-8).

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This prophet's message delineates the true intent behind sacrifices, emphasizing that God seeks not merely the acts of sacrifice but the deeper meaning they represent. In the letter known as ‘To the Hebrews,’ the apostle reminds us: “Do not neglect to do good and to share what you have, for such sacrifices are pleasing to God” (Hebrews 13:16). Furthermore, when He declares, “I desire mercy, and not sacrifice” (Hos. 6:6), it indicates that genuine sacrifice is rooted in mercy—that which is commonly recognized as a sacrifice serves as a sign of true sacrifice. Indeed, grace exemplifies this true offering, which is reflected in the previous quote, “such sacrifices are pleasing to God” (Matt. 22:40). Therefore, every commandment pertaining to sacrifices within the tabernacle or temple ultimately points to love for God and one’s neighbor; for “on these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets” (Matt. 22:40).

Do not place your trust in your own abilities, for all who assist you may prove to be deceptive. In moments of distress, turn to Me; I will rescue you, and you will glorify My name. This is why I have allowed difficulties to come your way: without these challenges, you may not have called upon Me. When you reach out to Me, I will respond to you; once I deliver you, you will honor My name and remain with Me.

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A certain individual, feeling spiritually numb during his prayers, expressed, "I have encountered sorrow and grief, yet I have called upon the Lord." He recognized sorrow as something beneficial; he had sunk deep in the mire of his transgressions, and now, in his despondency, he felt a profound pain burdening his spirit. Indeed, beloved, sorrows are a universal experience. Observe the many trials that afflict humanity: one mourns for a lost loved one, another weeps for a different loss, and yet another, forced into exile, longs for home, burdened by distress. One man watches his vineyard in ruin, seeing all his efforts go to waste. When does a person find themselves without sadness? A trusted friend may become an adversary, which is a fate worse than any other. All people grieve for such misfortunes; these moments of sorrow lead them to call upon the Lord, and in doing so, they act righteously. They may cry out to God, who is able to teach them the endurance required or bring healing from the outset. He knows how to safeguard us from trials that exceed our capacity (1 Cor. 10:13). Let us likewise seek God in our hardships; yet trials will inevitably come upon us. As another psalm states, ‘A helper in tribulations that overtake us,’ we encounter burdens that are meant for us. Some sorrows are to be sought after, such as the fleeting joys of this life—these do not constitute true sorrow; they merely provide temporary solace.

The sorrow we should seek is that which stems from our earthly pilgrimage, knowing we are not yet united with God. We live surrounded by challenges and struggles, filled with fear, and this creates sorrow, for we lack the promised peace. Whoever does not experience this sorrow during their earthly journey may not contemplate returning to their true home. This is true sorrow, dear friends. Even now, we perform good deeds, sharing sustenance with the hungry and sheltering the stranger, which brings its own form of tribulation. We encounter those in dire situations that evoke our compassion. How much better it would be for you in that glorious place where no one is hungry, where there are no strangers to welcome, no naked who need clothing, no sick in need of care, and no adversaries to confront! For all in that place is supreme, pure, holy, and everlasting. Our nourishment there is righteousness, our refreshment wisdom, our garments immortality, our dwelling eternal in the heavens; our strength is everlasting: is there sickness? Does fatigue rob us of rest? No death, no strife: there is tranquility, peace, joy, and truth. There is no intrusion from foes, nor retreat from friends. What is the stillness of that place? When we reflect on our current realities and the promises made to us by Him who cannot deceive, we recognize the tribulations we face. This tribulation will not be discovered by anyone who does not seek it out. Consider your well-being and ascertain whether you are truly in need; it is easy for one who is unwell to feel miserable. When you are healthy, recognize your longing; it reveals that you are not yet with God. I have experienced grief and sorrow, and in the Name of the Lord, I have called out.

Therefore, present to God a sacrifice of praise. Praise Him who promises, Him who beckons, Him who encourages, and Him who aids: and understand the tribulation you are enduring. Call upon Him; you will receive a response, you will bring Him glory, and you will abide in His presence.

But observe what follows, dear friends. For some, upon hearing God say, ‘Offer to God a sacrifice of praise,’ ponder, ‘I will rise each day, go to the Church, sing a hymn at Matins, another at Vespers, and yet another in my home, daily making a sacrifice of praise to my God.' It is commendable to do this, yet be cautious of complacency; your tongue may bless God, while your life may curse Him. "My people," says the Divine Lord, who calls the earth from the rising to the setting of the sun, though you currently find yourselves among the tares (Matt. 13:25), offer your praise unto your God and present your prayers; ensure that you do not merely go through the motions without sincerity. Why is this critical? For the sinner, God questions, "Why do you proclaim My decrees and take My covenant on your lips?" (Psalm 49:16).

Athanasius the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

When you accomplish this, as someone who has upheld the divine law, you shall be rewarded with the assurance that your cries will be answered immediately.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

provides an advance glimpse of the new covenant and ordains a sacrifice pleasing to Him. You shall partake in a sacrifice of thanksgiving to God and lift your prayers to the Most High: And you shall call upon Me in your time of trouble, and I will elevate you, and you shall glorify Me. The Prophet also timely unveiled the sacred number of the Holy Trinity, associating it with the New Testament; for through this we gained insight into the Holy Trinity. However, the prophet delineates this number not to isolate the actions of the indivisible and Sacred Trinity, but to convey this truth prophetically to future generations. Therefore, he proclaims: Offer to God a sacrifice of thanksgiving, lift your prayers to the Most High, and call upon Me in your day of distress.

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From this, we discern three Persons, not in a way that suggests that it is solely God, or the Most High, or the One who receives the sacrifice of praise that grants requests. Each Person is indeed both God and the Most High, as well as the Source of blessings. The Prophet refers to the sacrifice of praise as the hymns fitting for the righteous, and their vows as their prayers. For he also states in Psalm 21:26, I will present my prayers before those who revere Him. Yet, since he declared, I will not rebuke you for your sacrifices, he ultimately reveals the grounds for his rebuke.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

He invites us to bring our offerings, to fulfill our obligations to Him, and then to approach Him confidently in prayer, promising that He will rescue us from our trials—whether they arise from others or from spiritual forces—and that we will then honor Him as our reliable and swift protector. It is essential, dear readers, to observe how the Lord, while disclosing the profound nature of worship in line with the Gospel, swiftly instructs us about the knowledge of the Holy Trinity.

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We are instructed to "Eat, it is said, to God," followed by, "And give to the Highest," and then, "And call upon Me." These statements teach us that we should not summon only God the Father, or God the Son, or God the Holy Spirit in our prayers alone, but rather recognize the unique distinctions among the persons of the Most Holy Trinity, highlighting their distinct divine identities.

John Cassian

5th centuryChurch Father

Many ponder the question: When does the grace of God become active in our lives? Is it when we possess a good disposition, or does that disposition arise only when we receive God's grace? In tackling this matter, many have crossed into confusion, leading to contradictions and misunderstandings. If we assert that our virtuous disposition comes before the grace of God is revealed, one might inquire: What was commendable in Saul and Matthew, the tax collector? The former was called while pursuing the destruction of the innocent, and the latter was amidst social turmoil and exploitation.

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Conversely, if we claim that God's grace inherently cultivates a good disposition from the start, we contradict the reality that the faith of Zacchaeus and the criminal who repented on the cross came before their individual callings. If we are capable of following God's commandments and achieving virtue on our own, why then do we invoke, “establish, O God, what Thou hast done for us” (Psalms 67:29), and pray, “and in the work of our hands hasten us” (Psalms 89:17)? Balaam was hired to curse Israel but was prevented from doing so despite his desires. Abimelech was warned against touching Rebekah to avoid sinning against God. Joseph was betrayed by his brothers out of jealousy; yet this event was permitted so that the Israelites could move to Egypt, where Joseph, in a time of famine, would provide for them. He explained this to his brothers, saying, “but now do not grieve, nor regret that you sold me here... God sent me before you to preserve life by a great deliverance. So it was not you who sent me here, but God, who also made me a father to Pharaoh and lord over all his house” (Genesis 45:5, 7-8). After their father’s death, when his brothers feared retribution, Joseph reassured them, “Fear not, for I fear God: behold, ye have plotted evil against me: but God hath turned it to good, to preserve that which now is: to preserve the life of a great number of men” (Genesis 50:19-20). Of this divine providence, David remarks in the one hundred and fourth psalm: “and called a famine upon the land; every stalk of bread destroyed. He sent a man before them: Joseph was sold as a slave” (Psalm 104:16-17). Therefore, even though it seems that the grace of God and the freedom of man may be at odds, they both function together, each being essential for our salvation, provided we adhere to the tenets of genuine faith. When God observes our inclination toward goodness, He guides and fortifies our willingness. He promptly responds to our plea, “Call upon Me in the day of trouble; I will deliver thee, and thou shalt glorify Me” (Psalm 49:15). However, if we resist goodness or become indifferent, He offers us wise counsel that shapes or renews our disposition toward the good.

Barsanuphius the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

A brother inquired of the elder, “When a fervent thought assaults me, how can I fend it off? Should I confront it verbally, chastise it, and act as if I am angered by it? Or should I turn to God and lay my frailty before Him?” The elder responded, “Brother, the Lord has not eliminated the trials of affliction, but He has instructed us: Call upon Me in the day of trouble; I will deliver thee, and thou shalt glorify Me (Psalm 49:15). There is no other means to conquer a passion than to invoke the name of God. Resisting is not the task for everyone, but only for those fortified in God, to whom the demons yield.”

Philaret of Moscow (Drosdow)

19th centuryChurch Father

Offer to God a sacrifice of praise and present your prayers to the Most High; call upon Me in the time of your distress, and I will deliver you, and you will glorify Me (Psalm 49:14-15). At this moment, I turn to you, O Saint Alexios, not in my own words, but in the decree of the Sovereign. I come as an envoy of the devout Emperor Nicholas Pavlovich, who has sent His token of respect to you as evidence of His reverence. He urges you to accept this offering of beauty and majesty, not because you need earthly coverings—being already cloaked in heavenly light—but to signify that the Emperor recognizes the sacred shield of your prayers and blessings. Accept this token of remembrance and honor, this ‘denarius’ commemorating the battles of Persia, a struggle that demanded both sweat and blood. The Giver believes that you were not a passive observer in this conflict but, in your unseen way, fervently interceded before God for the faithful sons of Russia against the deceitful followers of a false prophet, just as you valiantly defended the Church and the homeland against foes in your earthly life, either through miraculous supplication or through stern words of urging. Although you can perceive the King’s heart in the divine light without words, I hasten to address those who need a herald to speak to them and a guide to help them understand. The endeavors of the King, visibly sealed with solemn signs before you, O faithful citizens of the ancient Capital, represent in essence a royal obedience to the command given by the King of kings through His Prophet: ‘Call upon Me in the day of your affliction, and I will bring you out, and you shall glorify Me.’ There was a sorrowful day, a day whose memory continues to cast shadows over the soul of the Russian, even after the sun of peace and joy has returned—a day that threatened to cloud the future of Russia, if not for the elevated spirit of Nicholas the First, which shone brighter than the darkness of despair. With the passing of Alexander the Blessed, those who harbored wicked thoughts assumed that the blessings had departed from Russia. The neighbor, who posed no threat, believed that his lack of fear made him dangerous. In response to our peace delegation, he invaded our territory with an army and initiated a devastating conflict. Consider the burden placed upon the new Tsar, who faced grief at a time when the strength of the soul was already stretched thin by efforts to alleviate and heal the myriad sorrows of the homeland. This war was not only forced upon Russia but brought into her midst without justification, amidst friendly relations and without prior warning, trampling upon the rights of the people and insulting the dignity of the Empire—with attacks from an adversary who delights in preying upon the defenseless—fighting in an area that made it hard to send in reinforcements, necessitating the dispatch of a commander from afar. It is difficult for an outsider to recount such trials apathetically; one can only imagine the Emperor's turmoil. Initially, He struggled to accept the unfolding reality, for a pure heart struggles to believe in the existence of such injustice. Then, with resolve and urgency, He moved to mobilize His forces and calmly turned to God, the Source of strength, seeking His blessing upon the new reign, as well as His aid against all adversities.

Observe how in these very occurrences ‘the Lord is faithful in all His words’ and how He is ‘near to all those who call upon Him in truth’ (Psalm 144:13-18). Immediately after the holy rite of His crowning, the devout Emperor ‘offered to the Most High’ His first special ‘prayer’ (Ps. 49:14) as the Anointed One, solidified by His pious pilgrimage into the sacred wilderness and the fellowship of faith with the venerable Sergius, who stands as a powerful intercessor. Almost immediately, the Most High revealed His salvation, sending the first messenger of victory in His reign. With reverence, He bowed His exalted head and knees before the King of kings and glorified the ‘Exorciser’ of sorrows, having Sergius beside Him as a fellow director of thanksgiving, just as Sergius had been an advocate for His petitions. It is clear that this communion (Psalms 103:35) ‘pleased the Lord’; the King found his heart uplifted through this dialogue with God, receiving renewed hope: from that moment on, God granted Him triumph after triumph, sending confirmations of these victories into this very temple where He extolled God for the first of them. Look upon how His army, steadfast in faithfulness and righteous deeds, tirelessly overcame adversaries and the challenges of nature—be it swift rivers, rocky fortifications, the chill of the Caucasus, the heat of Transcaucasus, and the heights of forbidding mountains. When ‘the enemy’s weapons were exhausted in the end’ (Psalm 9:7), not only was peace restored, but also the security of our broadened borders was established; honoring the bravery of His soldiers, the Pious Sovereign seized the opportunity to offer again a ‘sacrifice of praise’ (Psalm 49:14-23) to the Lord of Hosts. Oh sons of Russia, do you not ‘rejoice in your Tsar,’ especially when ‘the Tsar rejoices in God’? Your joy is evident, and I share in it as one among you; I rejoice in your joy, for in your gladness for your King, love for him shines forth. Yet, I dare not be too insistent if I assert that this is not the full extent of what this moment summons you to do. It is well to regard the pious deeds of the Tsar with reverent joy, but it is far greater to embrace these deeds as your own, not merely in outward appearances and signs, but in spirit and substance—how?—by becoming not only onlookers to the noble efforts but also imitators of his virtuous example. Let the command of the King of kings be inscribed upon your hearts: ‘Call upon Me in the day of your affliction, and I will take you out, and you shall glorify Me’; in every distress, be it public or private, approach God with your prayers, and when He has alleviated your troubles, remember to return to Him in gratitude.

It might seem unnecessary to remind a beggar to ask for alms, or a needy man to beseech God’s favor. But indeed, such reminders are often needed; it is not sufficient that men encourage each other in this universal human necessity, for God Himself deemed it vital to speak through His prophet, demanding prayer from humanity in His ultimatum, ‘Call upon Me in the day of thy affliction.’ There are unwitting beggars, desolate from misfortune, who require nudging and guidance to seek refuge; there are proud souls who, refusing to lower their heads before their benefactors, desire instead that their benefactors bow in deference to their wants: these represent individuals before God who either refuse or fail to acknowledge their need for divine intervention in times of despair. Some, in their desolation, only mourn, saturating their days in grief. Have mercy on yourself, beloved! If you find yourself drowning, is it better to resign to despair than to cry for help? Others exhaust themselves seeking human assistance, forgetting God, ‘the helper in tribulation, who has found us greatly’ (Psalm 45:2). Reflect, if you are not utterly indifferent: is it better for you to chase after a man who frequently dismisses you—‘don’t ask me, I cannot assist you; seek another’? Or shall you go to God, who does not send you onward to another helper, who does not delay His aid, or waver in His promises? He remains constantly nearby, inviting you to pray and reassuring you with His omnipotent support: ‘Call upon Me in the day of your affliction, and I will deliver you.’

One might say, ‘God knows my needs without my asking,’ thus feeling unnecessary to pray. This thought, though rooted in truth, can be twisted by a heart filled with doubt. Christ teaches us, ‘Your Father knows what you need before you ask Him’ (Matt. 6:8); however, He immediately continues, ‘This is how you should pray,’ providing us with the Lord’s Prayer (Matt. 6:9-13). Therefore, according to Christ’s own doctrine, the notion that God is aware of our needs does not imply that we need not pray at all, but rather that we should approach God with trust and sincerity, invoking Him as our Father, without the superstitions of paganism. To assert that God’s knowledge of our needs negates the necessity of prayer is akin to a beggar, shrouded in rags, declaring, ‘The wealthy man notices my plight, and thus I need not utter my plea or extend my hand.’ O you who are impoverished in spirit and wealthy in pride, do you truly wish for the rich man to scatter his treasures before you, woefully throwing breadcrumbs on the ground? Is it not more absurd and shameless to expect God to lavish His divine gifts and scatter the bread of heaven upon those indifferent to receiving His offerings? God, in His boundless kindness and mercy, stands ready to give abundantly, yet humanity often remains unprepared to accept His blessings. For a beggar to receive alms, one must reach out their hand; for a child to be fed, they must open their mouth; similarly, one must reach out to God to accept His grace, needing an open spirit to receive His gifts. Prayer signifies an outstretched hand to welcome God’s grace, an open mouth to partake of the heavenly food. As God declared, ‘Open your mouth wide, and I will fill it’ (Psalm 80:11). Grace is of a wholly spiritual nature and necessitates a pure spirit to receive it; prayer cleanses the spirit and calms the soul and its faculties. Thus, pray with your spirit to receive the Spirit of God; pray with your intellect to be filled with the Spirit of wisdom; pray with your heart to be endowed with the Spirit of devotion; convert all your faculties, both of soul and body, into tools of prayer, so that each part may become a blessed instrument of grace, healing and elevating the wounded and troubled nature.

Once you realize, either through external signs or inner conviction, that the pleas of the sorrowful are not disregarded by God, but that He alleviates your suffering or at least provides comfort, do not forget, ‘man of desires’ (Dan. 9:23), that you must also be a man of gratitude; as you witness God’s fidelity in fulfilling His promises, remain steadfast in honoring His command: ‘I will take you out, and you shall glorify Me’ (Psalm 49:15). Faithfulness in small matters cultivates trust in larger ones. He who sincerely thanks God for small gifts finds the courage to seek greater blessings. Indeed, you may experience personally that the heart which expresses gratitude opens wider and more willingly than the heart that merely petitions; thus, the more one is willing to receive abundant grace. When one neglects to call upon God during trials or forgets to glorify Him for His blessings, one’s connection to the Source of all goodness and wisdom is severed, leaving only despair and folly as humanity’s inheritance.

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Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

Until now, the Prophet instructed God's people not to place their trust in external offerings, for without a sincere heart and true love, they would merely seek to appease God. In contrast, he now reveals that the genuine and acceptable sacrifice to God, which can secure our salvation on the Day of Judgment, is rooted in the inner expressions of virtue. These include offering a sacrifice of praise, fulfilling vows, and continually honoring and glorifying God's name—not only during difficult times but also in moments of happiness and prosperity. He notes, "Eat, saith he, a sacrifice of praise unto God," meaning to praise the Lord not just with words but also from the depths of your heart.

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You are to pay your vows to the Most High; that is, after honoring God from the inner disposition of your heart, you should externally acknowledge Him as the source of all your blessings. You must give thanks to Him and fulfill the commitment of obedience, which is the primary vow among all others. These commitments were made when you were counted among His people, that is, as part of His Church; this He desires from you more than any other offering. Indeed, obedience is more valuable than a fine sacrifice, and obedience surpasses the best of offerings (1 Sam. 15:22). Ultimately, call upon Me in your times of distress. Just as in joyful moments you should recognize that every good gift comes from Me, the source of all goodness, so in your times of trouble, you should turn to Me, placing your full trust in Me. I will deliver you from all your afflictions, and together we will exalt My name with a sacrifice of praise and gratitude.

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

This psalm was inspired by the Holy Spirit through David and presented to Asaph, the leader of his singers, for performance. The prophet proclaims the return of Christ will be awe-inspiring and overwhelming. A torrent of fire surged forth from His presence—this is a vision that the prophet Daniel previously observed—His throne is engulfed in flames, and His wheels are a blazing fire (Dan. 7:9-10) (Theodoret). Here, he highlights that extraordinary shame towards which both celestial and terrestrial beings should converge in vast numbers to denounce both overt and hidden evil (Theodoret).

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.