The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 76 (75):11Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

For the thought of man shall give praise to thee: and the remainders of the thought shall keep holiday to thee.

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

כִּֽי־חֲמַ֣ת אָדָ֣ם תּוֹדֶ֑ךָּ שְׁאֵרִ֖ית חֵמֹ֣ת תַּחְגֹּֽר׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

9 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

The initial concept represents a thought, while the second reflects the echoes of that thought. What is this original thought? It serves as the foundation for our confession, a positive thought intended to guide us. Confession joins us with Christ. However, this primary thought then generates the remnants of thought within us, which in turn leads to triumphs directed towards You. What thought should we confess? It is that which condemns our previous way of living, rejecting what was, so that it may transform into what it ought to be; this constitutes the original thought. Consequently, you should distance yourself from your sins with this first thought following your confession before God, ensuring that you do not forget the reality of your sinfulness.

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As a sinner, you offer praises before God. It is also essential to understand this: the first thought involves confessing and turning away from the old life. If you forget the sins from which you have been rescued, you fail to give thanks to the Redeemer and do not celebrate victories before your God.

Consider the first confessional thought of the Apostle Saul, later known as Paul. Initially, Saul encountered a voice from Heaven. He expressed the first obedient thought upon hearing, I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom thou persecutest. Lord, he asked, what do You wish for me to do? (Acts 9:5-6) This illustrates the act of confessing, as he now calls out to the Lord he once persecuted. The remnants of thought will manifest as triumphs, as you witness in the writings of Paul when he declares, Remember that Christ Jesus is risen from the dead, of the seed of David, according to my gospel. (2 Tim. 2:8) What does it mean to be mindful? Even if the thought to which you first confessed has faded from your memory, let that remnant of thought linger in your mind.

Once, Christ was sacrificed for us upon our belief; that initially sparked a thought; now there exists a remnant of thought when we recall Who came to us and what He has forgiven. Through this very remnant of thought, that is, through remembrance itself, He is perpetually sacrificed for us, renewing us daily, just as He initially transformed us through His grace. The Lord has revived us in Baptism, making us new creations, and we rejoice in hope that we may endure tribulation with patience (Rom. 12:12). However, the gifts granted to us must not fade from our memory. If your thoughts no longer reflect what they used to—since the original thought was to turn from sin—yet now you do not turn away, remember to keep the remnant of that thought present, lest it entirely vanish from the mind of Him who has escaped from it all completely.

Athanasius the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

As humanity's thoughts are revealed to You, we shall stand before that fearsome throne to answer not only for our actions but also for our intentions. Each word, every thought, and every mental movement will be laid bare before the Lord during the judgment when concealed matters will be exposed. The cessation of thought honors You, for this cessation represents thought refined to its purest state, in alignment with the remaining grace of election. Thus, if at that moment our thoughts are pure, they will be invited to share in Your feast.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

"For the thoughts of man shall confess to Thee" (Psalm 75:11). This is echoed elsewhere: "From my secret things purify me, and from strangers preserve Thy servant" (Psalm 18:13-14). These strangers, sent by the adversary. And what follows? "If they do not prevail against me, then I shall be blameless." If I am not defeated by wicked thoughts, then I will stand pure before You. And what comes next? "And I will be clean from the greatest iniquity." Observe what the psalmist articulates. If no sinful thought overcomes me or leads me to action, I shall be free from severe transgression. "For the thoughts of man shall confess to Thee." "No man is clean before God, even though he live one day" (Job 14:4-5).

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"The stars are unclean in His sight" (Job 15:15), and "in His angels He has seen faults" (Job 4:18). Why do I mention this? If the stars are deemed impure and imperfections are found among the angels, how much more true is it for the thoughts of humanity? Where are those who claim, "Depart from me, for I am clean" (Isaiah 65:5)? When we examine our thoughts, we recognize and are ashamed to admit the truth. Many may refrain from committing evil acts, and others may hold their tongues. Yet, there is no person who does not sin in their thoughts. Thus, the psalmist asserts, "For the thoughts of man shall confess to Thee."

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

As we partake in these blessings, our minds are focused on praise, dedicating our attention fully to worship rather than allowing it to be divided by other matters.

Maximus the Confessor

7th centuryChurch Father

What is conveyed in Psalm LXXV: "As the thought of man shall be confessed unto Thee, and the remnant of the thought shall feast before Thee" indicates that celebration belongs to those who find joy, while confession pertains to those who endure trials. The former is marked by happiness, whereas the latter is defined by grief. Thus, this passage suggests that during the Judgment, a fleeting and imperfect good thought, when measured against a fully formed evil thought, will be found lacking, as the one is tested and the other is invited to partake in joy and festivity.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

The intentions of humanity are laid bare before You. This speaks of the fear experienced by those who are hard-hearted and unfeeling. At the final judgement, every intention of humanity shall be unveiled in Your presence, O righteous Judge. Consider the words of the Apostle Paul, who notes that the thoughts of individuals will either accuse or defend one another when God judges the hidden deeds of men (Rom. 2:15, 16). The remnant of thoughts rejoices before You. By referencing this remnant, David signifies that even the slightest fragment of thought will be revealed, as this feast refers to the revelation of those things for which a celebration is meant. Therefore, the term "will celebrate" should be interpreted synonymous with "will be unveiled" or "will be disclosed."

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Moreover, it can be understood that not only will human thoughts become known, but if someone, for instance, has been influenced by the adversary to contemplate something wicked, yet, in resisting and rejecting that thought, they forget it, this abandonment still will be brought before God, the Judge. Such a Judge is so formidable that nothing remains concealed before Him.

According to Divine Maximus, the remnant of thought signifies thoughts that have been cleansed from every evil proposal, akin to the remnant chosen through grace; and the phrase "will celebrate" denotes that deeply considered, chosen thoughts will bring delight to God. The feast is reserved for those who rejoice, while confession pertains to those who are examined; the latter brings sorrow, while the former engenders joy. Thus, I will acknowledge the thought during judgement, even if it has not been acted upon, as it holds a superior place when juxtaposed with an accomplished evil thought, which will lead to torment. In contrast, the former produces a celebration of joy. The individual who has renounced any evil thought that surfaced within them will celebrate without the threat of punishment.

Theodoret remarks that having received these blessings, we dedicate our thoughts to praise, ensuring that even the smallest part is not diverted by other distractions. Athanasius indicates that the remnant of thought is one purified by the grace of election. Therefore, when one’s thought is discovered to be pure at that time, it shall partake in Your joyous feast. Eusebius further observes that we are not only called to purity in thought and deed, but we must also confess even the most trivial of thoughts. The remnant of thought, being cleansed from sin, shall indeed be celebrated.

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

These events will unfold following the dreadful judgment, when all the humble will be freed from the comfort afforded by their oppressors. In reflecting on the immense goodness of God, they will rejoice and offer continual praise, celebrating radiant feasts in heaven while commemorating the greatness of God revealed to them. The term ubo, kako, does not provide a rationale in this context; instead, it is employed as a concluding phrase: ubo, or for this reason.

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This frames the mindset in this way: Because of this, the thoughts of humankind, who have been rescued from countless afflictions and blessed with abundant gifts, will offer praises before You; or the awareness of such immense blessings will serve as perpetual and essential worship, ensuring that even the briefest pause in thought is dedicated solely to the solemn remembrance of these countless mercies.

Psalter with Commentaries (Cave Monastery in Kiew)

19th centuryCommentator

Ultimately, in Christ, the Fulfillers of all goodness, who is exalted and forever worthy of praise, we find our hope. This Psalm, inspired by the Holy Spirit and entrusted to David and then to Asaph, the leader of the musicians, foretells a message of joy for the Jewish people, celebrating the future triumph over Sennacherib, the king of Assyria (4 Sam. 19:35). This also symbolizes the victory of the Holy Church over all her adversaries, a gift bestowed by God through our Lord Jesus Christ (1 Cor. 15:57). It is important to note how the Holy Spirit intertwines the truths of Christian faith with the narratives of Jewish history. This serves as a source of comfort for the Jew who embraces these words in their simplest form, while simultaneously providing joy to the Christian who appreciates their deeper significance (Theodoret, Euthymius).

Sergius Ternowski

19th centuryCommentator

In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen. Many of us frequently encounter this phrase during church services or while reading the Psalms, yet few grasp its profound significance. Hence, I aim in this discourse to provide a concise exposition of it. This expression holds substantial meaning and encompasses more than one guiding principle for salvation. To confess to the Lord signifies, first and foremost, to glorify God. "Confess unto the Lord, how good He is, for His mercy is everlasting" (Psalm 135:1) — thus speaks the holy prophet elsewhere. Secondly, it involves recognizing the truth of His commandments and adhering to them, undeterred by temptations.

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In this context, it is also written, "Whoever confesses Me before men, I will confess him before the angels of God." Thirdly, it means to acknowledge one’s sins before the Lord. As the Wise One notes, “Do not be ashamed to confess your sins” (Sir. 4:20). David spoke these words when he envisioned God rising in judgment to rescue the humble of the earth.

We often observe that the righteous are weighed down in this world, those who strive to emulate the meekness of the Lamb, the humble Lord Jesus, are sometimes fearful of offending both their Lord and their neighbors. They traverse a narrow path, enduring scorn, loss, hardship, and affronts, while the wicked thrive, flourishing in apparent happiness. The trials and tribulations faced by the pious seem arduous and perilous; doubts and troubling thoughts assail their souls: why such severe hardships, such an overwhelming tide of misfortunes — these are the restless musings, as the Wise One indicates, of a troubled spirit (Proverbs 12:26). In such moments, the justice of Providence and the truth of God’s promises may falter within their hearts amid the storm of despair. Yet, within them remains the thought that turns to the Lord in confession. In every trial, their faith shines like a lamp, cloaked in the innocence of childlike faith, reminding them that it is folly for mortals to gauge the unfathomable plans of God. Trust in the Word of God, which declares, "All the paths of the Lord are mercy and truth." Thus, a singular duty remains for humanity: to bless the Lord, embracing His fatherly hand even under the weight of chastisement.

This act of confession is no easy task; external circumstances, personal grief, and the nefarious provocations of the devil seem to conspire against it, attempting to silence all praise. Yet the righteous remain steadfast, humbled, and they do not cease to worship and bless the Lord. Eventually, the moment of divine judgment arrives; the arrogant wicked crumble like giant trees, their once magnificent structures of false security are laid waste, and their souls tremble at the thought of death, like scavengers in search of spoils, as their own offspring scatter their wealth. In contrast, the lineage of the righteous is blessed. With tranquility, the faithful approach the end of life, leaving behind pious children filled with hope. They find solace in the joyous thought that even amidst trials, their hearts are at peace, their minds quieted, and filled with joy. Likewise, the law of the Gospel guides us through narrow and challenging terrains. Frequently it demands self-denial, distance from indulgences, and even the crucifixion of our flesh through reverential fear of God.

Yet, there are those among us who seek pleasure over divine law. They question, "What benefit do you derive from denying yourselves, laboring tirelessly, fasting, praying, and refraining from actions that could yield tangible rewards? Go, enjoy yourselves!" Others, masquerading as advocates of the law, incite us to indulge in sinful desires. They sometimes invite us to partake in false peace offerings, leading us toward destruction, as the Wise One relates (Proverbs 7:14, 27). You may feel unable to challenge them or extricate yourself from their influence, silently hearing their bold claims and flattering remarks. Nevertheless, you must remain steadfast within, preferring God’s commandments over the paths of hedonism and sin. Then will your thoughts be laid bare before the Lord. This mirrors the experience of the holy prophet, who stated, “The transgressors of the law tell the story of mockery, but not as Your law, O Lord” (Psalm 118:65). St. David did not constantly refute or respond to the scoffs of the wicked; at times, he listened quietly, comparing the divine commandment to fleeting desires for ease, confessing inwardly the immeasurable superiority of God’s law.

To the flatterers, he remained mute, resembling one who is deaf, who does not open his eyes (Psalm 37:13). So likewise, you can become a silent confessor of God, striving to cast aside any distracting feelings or thoughts that oppose the Gospel. This signifies your acknowledgment that the law is holy, and the commandment is holy, just, and good (Rom. 7:12). This acknowledgment is as challenging as the initial confession because: 1) the fallen soul harbors an innate inclination toward sin, 2) the flesh perpetually resists the spirit, seeking to muffle its holy confession, and 3) the devil perpetually incites sinful desires in our hearts. However, the season of temptations will ultimately pass, and if you steadfastly maintain this confession, as the Apostle encourages (Hebrews 10:23), and through its influence reach the end of your days, your thoughts will celebrate the Lord.

Even if passions persist, they shall be calmed, and the wisdom gained over a lifetime will vindicate your inner confession. You will emerge from moments of temptation, and peace and joy will be the fruit of your life-long acknowledgment of God’s commandments. In this peace and joy, you will exalt the Lord at the conclusion of your days. Just as soldiers rejoice after a long-fought victory, so too will your soul rejoice for not succumbing to the enticing greetings of the wicked, for adhering to God’s law, for traveling the path of righteousness instead of surrendering to greed, and for avoiding the ways of immorality. As the Holy Altar radiates with light on the glorious feast of the Resurrection of Christ, so will your thoughts celebrate before the conclusion of this life, having achieved through unceasing confession a radiant hope in the resurrection to eternal life.

Living in the world, it is inevitable to grapple with sin, and a righteous person may stumble repeatedly, as Scripture attests. What then does a devout and righteous person do upon recognizing their repeated faults or encountering actions, words, or thoughts that contradict God’s holiness? They continually confess their sins to the Lord. Yet, it can be challenging to seek the counsel of a confessor, often feeling isolated without a spiritual companion to voice their repentance. Thus, they make their sacramental confession before God in their hearts and souls. Consequently, the thoughts of the pious are in constant dialogue with the Lord. Strive to emulate their example, remaining vigilant in your life’s external and internal movements, and being mindful not only of actions but also of thoughts and intentions. You will undoubtedly perceive sin not just in your deeds but also within your thoughts. Purify your soul through repentance, ensuring that no thought or feeling enters eternity unadorned by the light of Christ's truth through sincere contrition. Wherever you may be—whether on the road, at work, in society, or in seclusion—let your thoughts be continually confessed to the Lord. The Lord will receive these confessions graciously, and when you encounter your spiritual guide, He will recall your confessions and cleanse your sins. This ongoing confession of thought will bear fruit, allowing you to glorify God in your later years. Just as we set aside our labors for a feast, so shall your soul find rest at the end of life, having humbly confessed to God throughout your journey. Amen.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.