The Church Fathers on this verse

Psalm 91 (90):9Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Because thou, O Lord, art my hope: thou hast made the most High thy refuge.

Douay-Rheims · Hebrew numbering, Septuagint numbering in brackets.

כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה יְהוָ֣ה מַחְסִ֑י עֶ֝לְי֗וֹן שַׂ֣מְתָּ מְעוֹנֶֽךָ׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

8 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Augustine of Hippo

5th centuryChurch Father

This psalm serves as the basis for the devil's temptation of our Lord Jesus Christ. We should therefore remain vigilant, equipping ourselves with its teachings so that we can effectively resist the tempter. Our strength comes not from ourselves but from Him who has faced temptation before us. If we listen attentively to His responses to the devil, we can likewise respond when we ourselves are tested. We can enter through the gate described in the Gospel, which signifies coming to God through Christ, who declared, “I am the door” (John 10:7). Entering through Him means following His example. He calls us to emulate Him in ways that were only made possible through His incarnation; for how could He have endured suffering had He not been made flesh?

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Without His humanity, how could He have faced death, crucifixion, and humiliation?

When facing the trials of this world, inflicted on us either directly by the devil through others or indirectly, as seen with Job, we must remain steadfast and patient. True protection under the Most High is promised to those who endure, for straying from such divine assistance leaves one vulnerable to downfall. Many demonstrate courage in the face of human persecution, believing they imitate Christ’s sufferings; yet when confronted with the hidden assaults of the devil, they doubt their worthiness of His glory. Fear not, for when the devil tempted our Lord, he did so in solitude, yet He triumphed both in secret and when openly attacked.

We must address the secret assaults of the enemy—a subtle urge towards harm manifesting in physical ailments or sicknesses reminiscent of Job’s trials. He discerned that the devil’s power was granted only by God and thus attributed all glory to the Almighty. Likewise, those who faithfully imitate Christ, bearing the troubles of this life while placing all hope in God, will not succumb to panic or despair. In doing so, they dwell in the safety of the Most High, as this psalm expresses—"He that dwells in the secret place of the Most High shall abide under the shadow of the Almighty" (Psalm 91:1).

When difficulties arise, trust that the Lord is your refuge and fortress. The one who dwells near Him, unlike those who fell into sin as Adam did, will find protection. The proud, who sought to elevate themselves, indeed lost their place. Cast your trust solely upon Him. As the psalm advises, “Surely He shall deliver you from the snare of the fowler” (Psalm 91:3). He promises to remove you from traps set by the hunter, the snares of harsh words, and public insults that bring shame. The devil, like a hunter, lays traps for the unsuspecting, but those who walk in Christ remain safe, as the net can only catch the unwary.

Many have stumbled into traps due to harsh words from those who mock their faith. The enemy may spread nets for believers, but remember that vigilance in Christ provides strength against such declarations. Know that if you remain true to your faith, these words cannot touch you. You may encounter scorn, yet do not yield, as this only draws you further into the traps set by your adversary.

Whenever you face scorn, recall that even Christ faced accusations, yet He did not falter. When the devils send forth their taunts, remind yourself that you stand for righteousness. “He will cover you with His feathers, and under His wings you will find refuge” (Psalm 91:4) serves to assure you that your defense is not your own, but comes from God’s safeguarding. His wings provide shelter, positioning you between His shoulders—shielded from harm.

Trust in His divine protection, for nothing shall befall you while you remain steadfast in faith. The psalm assures us that, devoid of fear, we can tread upon the lion and the serpent (Psalm 91:13) for we resonate with the courageous heart of the Church, navigating trials with the knowledge that we are upheld by God's providence.

To those who exhibit love for Him, God promises deliverance (Psalm 91:14). Even amidst trials, God is ever present in times of trouble (Psalm 91:15), urging us to call upon Him confidently. Like a ship on choppy waters with Christ seemingly asleep, do not despair; awaken your faith as you might rouse Him from slumber. Remember, trials are not signs of abandonment, but opportunities to witness His faithfulness.

With the assurance of enduring life to come, we must dedicate ourselves to seeking the eternal reward. Yearn not for temporary gain but for the everlasting promises that come from God. This is the essence of our hope: to experience and behold salvation in its fullness through Christ, who offers us eternity (Psalm 91:16). Thus, let us aspire to see Him as He truly is, through faith, until the day we witness Him face to face. As we journey through life, let our devotion lead us towards the heavenly, leaving all fears behind. "For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also" (Matthew 6:21).

Athanasius the Great

4th centuryChurch Father

The Spirit of the servant of the Lord and the Spirit of the prophet, responding to each other, reveal the profound benefits of placing one’s trust in God.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

This is a discourse delivered by God to the faithful. As the countenance shifts, the righteous one mentally responds, "For You, O Lord, are my trust" (Psalm 90:9). Only those who are pure can express such sentiments. "You have made the Most High your dwelling place." Once more, the countenance alters. The Psalms can appear somber because the faces shift so frequently. While the righteous is engaged in prayer, proclaiming, "For You, O Lord, are my hope," he receives the assurance from the Lord, "The Most High you have made your refuge." Thus, the verse takes shape, aligning with Your declaration, "Evil shall not befall you, nor shall any plague come near your dwelling" (Psalm 90:10).

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

You will be able to fulfill this divine plan, as the Prophet declares, by placing your faith in God and making Him your sanctuary. The discourse appears incomplete for it states, "O Lord, my trust," which is a distinctive feature of prophetic literature, particularly in the Psalms. However, the continuity of thought reveals this lack. It is conveyed that if you place your trust in God and seek His assistance, you will be graced with His protection.

Euthymios Zigabenos

11th centuryCommentator

The one who resides in the shelter of the Most High, upon hearing the pledges declared to him by David, joyfully calls out to God, proclaiming, “Thou, O Lord, art my hope.” Some suggest that the phrase "thou hast said" is absent in this context, which could provide clearer understanding: “Thou hast said, ‘O Lord, my trust! Thou hast established your refuge in the Highest.’” See Commentary on Psalm 90:10.

Hesychius of Jerusalem

5th centuryChurch Father

In these statements, the prophet offers gratitude to God while revealing a profound truth: we have triumphed over the forces, powers, and rulers of darkness (Eph. 6:12) through our hope in the Lord, as the physical cannot vanquish the spiritual. “Thou hast chosen the Most High as thy refuge. Evil shall not come to thee, nor plague come near thy dwelling” (vv. 9, 10). The prophet paints a vivid image, acknowledging that the victorious man credits his success to God. He aims to uplift him with these words, assuring him that adversities will not only fail to conquer him but will not even draw near, due to his reverence for God’s presence and protection—whom he has chosen as his shelter, or as some translations express it, his dwelling place. This exemplifies the immense benefit of turning to God. Therefore, Jeremiah remarks, “Blessed is the man that trusteth in the Lord, and whose hope is the Lord” (Jeremiah 17:7). Truly, how fortunate is the one untouched by calamity!

Irenaeus (Klementjewsky)

18th centuryCommentator

The prophet proclaims the message of God's divine care, encouraging individuals to abandon worldly dependencies and to rely solely on God. Within this psalm, he frequently shifts perspectives; in this passage, he first addresses God, referring to Him as his hope, in order to inspire other believers to look to Him as well. He then reflects on himself to gain insight into his own spiritual state. The genuine measure of faith is demonstrated when a person introspectively evaluates their heart to determine if it is inclined towards God and if His presence resides within it. This is why he refers to God as his refuge, as He provides protection from all forms of harm, as stated in Psalm 89: "Lord, you have been a refuge for us in generation and generation" (Psalm 89:2).

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From this assurance, it follows that evil will not befall the faithful. Why is this so? It is because we find safety and security under God's divine shield. The prophet, when mentioning evil, signifies the fierce assaults of wicked individuals, against whom God raises His hand to safeguard the faithful from being overwhelmed. This divine protection also encompasses the households of the righteous, for God, who bestows His fatherly grace upon His servants, grants protection to their children as well.

Palladios (Pjankov)

19th centuryCommentator

Bl. Theod. suggests that the phrase should include the words: "You, Lord, are my trust." This reflects how deeply the Lord cares for you; by declaring, "You, Lord, are my trust," you have committed yourself entirely to God's will, placing your faith solely in Him and making the Most High your sole sanctuary. St. Athanasius indicates that "the spirit of the man of God and the prophetic Spirit, responding to one another, demonstrate the great value of placing one’s faith in God." The Scriptures affirm this with the words, "For thou hast said, The Lord is my trust; the Most High thou hast chosen as thy refuge." Aquila, Symmachus, and several other interpreters interpret the concluding statement as indicating that 'in the highest place He has established His dwelling.'

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.