The Church Fathers on this verse

Revelation 2:5Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Be mindful therefore from whence thou art fallen: and do penance and do the first works. Or else I come to thee and will move thy candlestick out of its place, except thou do penance.

Douay-Rheims

μνημονευε ουν ποθεν πεπτωκας εκπεπτωκας και μετανοησον και τα πρωτα εργα ποιησον ει δε μη ερχομαι σοι ταχυ και κινησω την λυχνιαν σου εκ του τοπου αυτης εαν μη μετανοησης

Greek (Byzantine text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

9 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Cyprian of Carthage

3rd centuryChurch Father

I marvel that some are so stubborn that they do not acknowledge repentance as necessary for the fallen. Others think forgiveness must be denied to those who repent, although it is written: "Remember from where thou hast fallen, and repent, and do the former works."

In any case, this is said to one who is known to have fallen, and whom the Lord calls to rise again through works. For it is written: "Almsgiving delivers from death" (Tob 4:10).

Yet it does not deliver from that death which the blood of Christ once destroyed, and from which the grace of saving baptism and of our Redeemer freed us.

Rather, it delivers from that death which later crept in secretly through sins.

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In another place of Scripture, time is also given for repentance, and the Lord threatens those who refuse to repent: "But I have a few things against thee, because thou allowest the woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess, to teach and lead My servants astray, to commit fornication and to eat things sacrificed to idols.

I gave her time to repent of her fornication, and she did not repent. Behold, I cast her upon a bed, and those who commit adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of their works" (Rev 2:20-22).

In any case, the Lord would not call to repentance unless He promised forgiveness to those who repent.

Andrew of Caesarea

6th centuryChurch Father

Verse 5b. The movement of the lampstand, or church, signifies deprivation of divine grace, when it is subjected to turmoil and wavering by spirits of malice and by evil men, their accomplices.

By this same movement, some understand the transfer of the primatial throne from Ephesus to Constantinople.

Aprinigius

6th centuryChurch Father

Although the Lord wishes us to remember the situations in which we sank into sin, He exhorts us not to fall again. To cleanse the vices into which we have fallen, He shows the path by which mercy is obtained when He says, "Repent." That is, wash away your transgressions with tears. So did that harlot, and in her image the Church, who wet the feet of Jesus with tears and wiped them with her hair. He urges and reminds us what must be done after repentance: "Do the former works." That is, the same things must be done either with extraordinary reverence or with the fervor of one's first conversion.

Caesarius of Arles

6th centuryChurch Father

You see that the Lord did not say He would remove it, but move it. For the lampstand signifies the one Christian people, and He says that He will move the lampstand itself, not remove it. By this is meant that in one and the same Church the evil are moved, while the good are strengthened. By the hidden yet just judgment of God, evil is destroyed and good increases, so that what is written may be fulfilled: "To him who has, more will be given; but from him who has not, even what he has will be taken away" (cf. Mt 25:29).

Oecumenius

6th centuryChurch Father

Here no movement of God from place to place is shown, for He fills all things. Rather, there is a kind of change from longsuffering to the infliction of punishment. By the moving of the lampstand, that is, of the church, is meant that He will abandon her. When this is fulfilled against sinners, He will bring upon them every shaking and confusion, as it is said: "My eye is troubled because of wrath" (Ps 30:10), and, "My heart is troubled within me" (Ps 54:5).

Borodin P.M.

19th centuryChurch Father

Fervent love for God and neighbor is the soul of Christianity. Christ and His disciples preached love without ceasing, and all their words and deeds breathed love.

This holy, heavenly virtue so ruled among the first Christians that a good heart is moved even now when reading the history of that time.

But little by little, when the Apostles were no longer present and Christians multiplied everywhere, this love began to grow cold. At the time John wrote this, the spirit of the Church had already cooled so much that the Lord threatened to move the lampstand from its place.

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The Nicolaitans were people who called themselves Gnostics, that is, rational ones, while Christians called them Borborians, that is, marshy or miry ones. The founder of the Nicolaitans was Nicholas the deacon, a proselyte from Antioch.

They speculated much about wisdom and virtue. They thought one should be affable, courteous to all, and try to please others, even while dealing with pagans.

Why then, to please them, should one not eat things sacrificed to idols? Why be so strict regarding the female sex?

Nature herself, they said, by planting in us various inclinations and impulses, thereby imposed on us the law of enjoying their fruits, so long as strength and health allow.

Why, these unfortunate men cried, blinded by the marsh lights of natural reason, yet imagining themselves great minds, should sensuality not be counted a consequence of age?

Why not pardon this vice in youth, as though there were a lawful season for passions and disorders?

This false teaching is an abomination before the Lord. Whoever wishes to be a true Christian must deny himself even many permitted things, so that he may subdue his passions and become master over flesh and blood.

It remains for each of us to consider whether there are Nicolaitans even now, perhaps under another name. He must ask whether he himself loves these heretics or hates them, not them, of course, but their works.

For the more a Christian sees the falsehood of their belief, the more he must be contrite. He must have more love for his erring brothers and more zeal to draw them from the mire of errors.

He must do this more by the example of his life than by disputes and debates at numerous conferences.

Ivanov A.V.

19th centuryChurch Father

"I will move your lampstand." According to the explanation of Arethas, Andrew of Caesarea, and Oecumenius, the moving of the lampstand, that is, of the Church herself, means deprivation of divine grace. Therefore the Church will be shaken and storm-tossed by spirits of malice and by evil men. Yet this moving was to follow only if the Ephesians did not repent. We know from history that both the city of Ephesus and the Church of Ephesus continued to exist for a long time. Even now there remain ruins of the church of Saint John the Theologian, on the site of the house where the holy Apostle John the Theologian lived with the Most Holy Theotokos. There are also ruins of the church of the Theotokos, where the Third Ecumenical Council was held.

Michail Cheraskov

19th centuryChurch Father

What did the Lord command to be written to the angel, or presiding shepherd, of the Church of Ephesus? Rev 2:1-7.

He commanded that it be written that his former praiseworthy qualities are known and remembered by the Lord: patience and diligence in preaching the Lord's name, aversion toward corrupt people, and penetrating discernment regarding false apostles.

Yet it is not praiseworthy that he left his first love. If he does not again do his former works, the Lord, who walks among the lampstands of the churches, that is, who governs the Church, will come to him.

He will move the lampstand of the Church of Ephesus entirely from its place. Nevertheless, even to this day, it is good in the bishop of Ephesus that he hates the works of the Nicolaitans.

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To those who overcome temptations and passions, the Lord promises to grant the eating of the fruit from the tree of life.

"But this thou hast, that thou hatest the works of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate" (Rev 2:6). The Nicolaitans were heretics of the apostolic age. They were a branch of the Gnostics, marked in practical life by corruption.

Besides St. John the Theologian, the Apostles Peter and Jude also rebuke the Nicolaitans for corruption (2 Pet 2:1 ff.; Jude 4).

"To him who overcomes I will give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the midst of the paradise of God" (Rev 2:7). This tree in the heavenly paradise of God is the Lord Jesus Christ.

To eat the fruit of this tree is communion with the Godhead, or, what is the same, eternal blessedness. Eden's paradise with the tree of life (Gen 2:9; 3:22) served only as a type of the heavenly paradise (Lk 23:43).

Theophan the Recluse

19th centuryChurch Father

"Remember from where you have fallen!" Thus the Lord speaks to the Angel of the Church of Ephesus in the Revelation of John the Theologian. But remember not lightly and indifferently. Remember so that in this you may find an impulse toward repentance and a return to the former good works.

"Remember from where you have fallen, and repent, and do the former works." This is the commandment that ought to be instilled unceasingly in every man and in all fallen mankind. Remember the original blessedness of the first-formed, great and indescribable, which was lost through the fall. By this, stir up in yourself zeal and care to rise again and recover what was lost.

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So a sick man, remembering the pleasant state of health, more earnestly desires recovery. A captive, remembering the delight of freedom, seeks release. A poor man, remembering the peace of sufficiency, uses every means to become rich again.

I think there would not be a single man careless and negligent about his salvation if this memory did not grow poor: how good it was before the fall, and how bad it became after the fall. Of course, this memory could cast us into despair if we did not have at hand the means to set our condition right.

But behold, the solicitous goodness of God has established on earth a form of rising again and brought it near to us. It is a form of rising again full of good hope, already tested by many, and it has shown its wondrous power in them.

In such a condition, remembering from where we have fallen is like stirring up thirst when a pure spring of water is before one's eyes. Or it is like stirring up hunger when an abundant table is before one's eyes.

This is the intention with which the history of the fall of our forefathers is set before us every year, before the beginning of the holy fast. Through it we are told: "Remember what you were before, what you have become now, and be zealous to rise again. Behold, now is the acceptable time; behold, now is the day of salvation" (2 Cor 6:2).

But behold, as if in defiance of God's care for us, among all saving truths that are little remembered, our fall in the persons of our forefathers is remembered least of all. It is as though everything must be just as it is. What a pitiable forgetfulness!

Suppose a king's daughter were drawn into lowly deeds, and for this were deprived of the favor of her royal father and fell into a low condition. If she became so insensible that she forgot that she was not in her proper place and not in her proper form, this would be pitiable. And it would be still more so because the royal house was in sight, the means of appeasing the king existed, and the king's readiness to receive his daughter again and restore everything to her was known and declared.

In precisely this condition is our soul, created according to the image and likeness of God, when it does not keep in thought what it was originally and what it has become now. It does not wish to use the means granted to it for returning to its first dignity.

It was placed in the light of knowledge, but now it is surrounded by the darkness of ignorance, doubt, and error. It was filled with the peace of thoughts, desires, and conscience. But now there is in it a struggle of thoughts with desires, and of thoughts and desires with conscience. From this struggle come wound after wound.

There was in it sweet rest and complete contentment. But now one passion after another strikes the heart, at the very time when, through satisfying passion, it hopes to obtain self-delight. From this inward disorder come outward sorrows, needs, illnesses, failures, and disorders. Is this the paradise of delight in which you, O soul, should dwell according to your origin and calling? Remember, then, from where you have fallen, and repent.

It would seem that everyone should feel the unnaturalness of our present condition, suffering hardship through his whole life and experiencing every kind of inconvenience and deprivation. Yet this does not happen. Some become so accustomed to their fallen condition that they do not even think that it ought not to be so. They even prove that it cannot be otherwise. What misery!

Pitiable are all who do not feel the fall and do not seek to rise again. Still more pitiable are Christians, and those who live before the face of Christianity. Before us stands the house of salvation, and within it we have already partaken of the healing powers at work there.

It is pitiable if we have gone out of it after tasting the foods that had healed us. But it is still more pitiable if, standing outside, we look indifferently upon the loss and in carelessness do not hasten to enter again within, and there delight in its good things.

Awaken, then, brethren, your souls, if they have fallen asleep. Awaken them, saying: "Arise, O soul sleeping and benumbed in sins. Arise, and Christ will enlighten you. You have already been enlightened, and you know how great is the blessedness of the enlightened. Be zealous again for the same thing, and arise. Behold, now is the acceptable time; behold, now is the day of salvation."

We fell by tasting. Let us compel ourselves to rise by fasting. We fell by self-conceit. Let us rise by self-abasement. We fell by impenitence. Let us rise by tears of contrition. We fell by carelessness and forgetfulness of God. Let us rise by care for salvation and by the fear of God.

We fell by surrendering ourselves to comforts. Let us rise by hardness of life and voluntary deprivations. We fell by estrangement from the Church. Let us rise by cleaving to the house of God. We fell by listening to shameful songs and allowing ourselves dances. Let us rise by listening to Church hymns and by frequent prostrations.

We fell by much speaking. Let us rise by silence. We fell by distraction. Let us rise by solitude and the guarding of attention. We fell by listening to empty talk and reading empty books. Let us rise by listening to the word of God and reading books that save the soul.

A few more hours, and the saving time of the fast will begin, inviting us to rise again. Let us use it according to the guidance of our wise and solicitous mother, the Holy Church. Let us use it, for we do not know whether such a time will be given to us again. Who would wish to remain in the fall and pass fallen into the other life?

Perhaps this is already our last year in which we have been left alive, to test whether we will bring forth the fruit of repentance and amend ourselves. Therefore, if even now we do not amend ourselves, we shall be cut down and cast into the fire.

Keeping this in mind, let us from this moment set our intention. As we enter the fast, let us also enter upon the struggles of rising from our falls. This the Lord requires of us. This the Holy Church expects. This all the saints of God desire, as they think of us with care and look with sympathy upon the deviations of our paths. Amen.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.

The original text

Greek text, 28 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.

  1. μνημόνευε
    mnēmoneue
    I remember
    G3421 · μνημονεύω
  2. οὖν
    oun
    therefore
    G3767 · οὖν
  3. πόθεν
    pothen
    whence
    G4159 · πόθεν
  4. πέπτωκας
    peptōkas
    I fall
    G4098 · πίπτω
  5. καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  6. μετανόησον
    metanoēson
    I repent
    G3340 · μετανοέω
  7. καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  8. τὰ
    ta
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  9. πρῶτα
    prōta
    first
    G4413 · πρῶτος
  10. ἔργα
    erga
    work
    G2041 · ἔργον
  11. ποίησον
    poiēson
    I do
    G4160 · ποιέω
  12. εἰ
    ei
    if
    G1487 · εἰ
  13. δὲ
    de
    but
    G1161 · δέ
  14. μή
    mē
    not
    G3361 · μή
  15. ἔρχομαί
    erchomai
    I come
    G2064 · ἔρχομαι
  16. σοι
    soi
    you
    G4771 · σύ
  17. καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  18. κινήσω
    kinēsō
    I move
    G2795 · κινέω
  19. τὴν
    tēn
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  20. λυχνίαν
    lychnian
    a lamp-stand
    G3087 · λυχνία
  21. σου
    sou
    you
    G4771 · σύ
  22. ἐκ
    ek
    from out
    G1537 · ἐκ
  23. τοῦ
    tou
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  24. τόπου
    topou
    a place
    G5117 · τόπος
  25. αὐτῆς
    autēs
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  26. ἐὰν
    ean
    if
    G1437 · ἐάν
  27. μὴ
    mē
    not
    G3361 · μή
  28. μετανοήσῃς
    metanoēsēs
    I repent
    G3340 · μετανοέω