The Church Fathers on this verse

Revelation 2:16Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

In like manner do penance. If not, I will come to thee quickly and will fight against them with the sword of my mouth.

Douay-Rheims

μετανοησον ουν OMIT ουν ει δε μη ερχομαι σοι ταχυ και πολεμησω μετ αυτων εν τη ρομφαια του στοματος μου

Greek (Byzantine text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

6 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

As for the men whom we have mentioned, it is clear from the Apocalypse that heretics who are without baptism must do penance. The angel of Ephesus is blamed because he left love. In the angel of Pergamum it is condemned that he ate things sacrificed to idols and held the teaching of the Nicolaitans.

In like manner, the angel of Thyatira is reproached for the prophetess Jezebel, for things sacrificed to idols, and for fornication. Yet the Lord calls them all to repentance and threatens future punishment if they do not turn.

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He would not have threatened them with punishment if He did not intend to forgive those subject to punishment. For He did not say that those baptized in the faith of the Nicolaitans must be baptized again. Nor did He say that hands must be laid upon those who believed in Pergamum while holding the teaching of Balaam.

He said: "Repent; or else I will come to you quickly and will fight against you with the sword of My mouth."

Andrew of Caesarea

6th centuryChurch Father

The threat is softened by love for mankind, for He says: I will not make war against you, but against those who are sick beyond hope of healing.

Primasius of Hadrumetum

6th centuryChurch Father

The Lord says: "Likewise you also have those who keep the teaching of the Nicolaitans; likewise repent, or else I will come to you quickly and fight against you with the rhomphaia," that is, with the sword. As I have understood according to the preceding mode of interpretation, this part refers to the Church. The rhomphaia means the commandments sent down, by which the proud are overcome according to God's will. "Those who have sinned under the law will be judged by the law" (Rom 2:12). Among non-Roman peoples, the rhomphaia was a long sword with a broad two-edged blade.

Borodin P.M.

19th centuryChurch Father

The elder Balaam, who was honored as a prophet, taught Balak, king of Moab and Midian, to send Moabite and Midianite women into the Hebrew camp. They were to seduce the people of God and incline them to idolatry.

Balak followed this counsel, and many Hebrews fell into transgression, carried away by fornication and sensual pleasure. This indicates here the essence of the corrupt teaching of the Nicolaitans, which the Lord hates.

The heretic is not the one who deceives himself, for a man may blaspheme God unconsciously, being deceived by others. He will not be condemned for such blasphemy (see Mt 12:31-32).

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Heresy begins where the spiritual growth of one's own ego takes place, which is called pride. For the one who insists precisely on his own understanding of truth, even an Ecumenical Council will carry no authority. Such men will even call Christ Beelzebul (see Mt 10:25).

Conscious resistance to the Truth is what is called blasphemy against the Holy Spirit. Filled with blasphemous names, they will be slain by the sword of God's mouth (see Rev 13:6; 17:3; 19:21).

Michail Cheraskov

19th centuryChurch Father

What did the Lord command to be written to the angel of the Church of Pergamum? Rev 2:12-17. The Lord sees the difficult position of the Church of Pergamum, situated where the throne of Satan himself is. He also looks with favor on the firmness of the Christians of Pergamum, who did not betray their faith even in the persecution that slew "the faithful witness of the Lord, Antipas."

Yet it is not good that within the community of Pergamum, which bears the high name of Christian, there are still certain members not alien to the Nicolaitan heresy. This heresy sanctions the fornications into which the Israelites were led by Balaam.

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For this reason the Lord calls the Pergamenes to repentance. Otherwise He will come and fight against the lawless with the sword of His mouth. To those who overcome He promises the hidden manna, a white stone, and a new name written upon it.

"I know your works, and where you dwell, where Satan's throne is" (Rev 2:13). What should be understood by this throne of Satan? Clearly this name here denotes one of the chief representative places of idolatry and pagan impiety. One could say that Satan had, as it were, established His dwelling there.

From historical accounts it is known that Pergamum was renowned for many pagan temples. Among them the most famous was the temple of Asclepius, the god of the medical art. Along with many medical superstitions, the priests of Asclepius possessed scientific medical knowledge. By this they drew many idolaters to Pergamum.

These priests, together with the pagans of Pergamum under their influence, both natives and those flocking there from many other cities, could only be fierce opponents of Christianity. Probably at their instigation the hieromartyr Antipas was killed. Not without reason he is considered bishop of Pergamum.

"To him who overcomes I will give to eat of the hidden manna, and I will give him a white stone, and on the stone a new name written, which no one knows except him who receives it" (Rev 2:17). What is the hidden manna?

It is that true bread from heaven by which the Lord Jesus Christ Himself names Himself (Jn 6:32). The manna kept in the Mosaic tabernacle served as its type (Ex 15:31, 32).

The heavenly sanctuary now conceals our Savior from our sight. Yet the unwaning day of the Kingdom of Heaven will one day come. Then we shall partake more truly of this heavenly bread and this hidden manna. That is, we shall be in living communion with Christ the Savior.

This is the reward promised to all in the person of the victors of Pergamum over sensual desires. By these desires the Nicolaitans there enticed and drew men into their company.

What is the white stone and the wondrous name upon it? The metaphor of the white stone has its basis in an ancient custom. Victors in public games and contests were given tablets of white stone. They later presented these to receive the rewards awarded them.

In the mouth of the holy seer John, the white stone symbolically signifies the purity and innocence of Christians. For this they will obtain an immeasurable and endless reward in the age to come.

The mysterious name written on the white stone is the name of children and heirs of God. So lofty a blessedness is joined to this name in the future that no one can yet comprehend it. Even now we have the right to be called children of God (Jn 1:12), but "it has not yet appeared what we shall be" (1 Jn 3:2).

Rosanow N.P.

19th centuryChurch Father

But the Lord does not approve the Church of Pergamum because there are adherents of the Nicolaitan sect within it. They exert on the rest of the faithful the same harmful influence that Balaam exerted on Israel when he gave counsel to Balak.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.

The original text

Greek text, 18 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.

  1. μετανόησον
    metanoēson
    I repent
    G3340 · μετανοέω
  2. οὖν
    oun
    therefore
    G3767 · οὖν
  3. εἰ
    ei
    if
    G1487 · εἰ
  4. δὲ
    de
    but
    G1161 · δέ
  5. μή
    mē
    not
    G3361 · μή
  6. ἔρχομαί
    erchomai
    I come
    G2064 · ἔρχομαι
  7. σοι
    soi
    you
    G4771 · σύ
  8. ταχύ
    tachy
    quickly
    G5035 · ταχύ
  9. καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  10. πολεμήσω
    polemēsō
    I make war
    G4170 · πολεμέω
  11. μετ᾽
    met
    with
    G3326 · μετά
  12. αὐτῶν
    autōn
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  13. ἐν
    en
    in
    G1722 · ἐν
  14. τῇ
    tē
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  15. ῥομφαίᾳ
    rhomphaia
    a sword
    G4501 · ῥομφαία
  16. τοῦ
    tou
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  17. στόματός
    stomatos
    the mouth
    G4750 · στόμα
  18. μου
    mou
    I
    G1473 · ἐγώ