The Church Fathers on this verse

2 Peter 2:3Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And through covetousness shall they with feigned words make merchandise of you. Whose judgment now of a long time lingereth not: and their perdition slumbereth not.

Douay-Rheims

και εν πλεονεξια πλαστοις λογοις υμας εμπορευσονται οις το κριμα εκπαλαι ουκ αργει και η απωλεια αυτων ου νυσταξει

Greek (Byzantine text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

7 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Theophylact of Bulgaria

11th centuryChurch Father

By the word "covetousness" he shows that they acquire in a shameful way. For covetousness sometimes means injustice, and sometimes the foulness of acquisition in general. Therefore the word "exploit" is fittingly used. To show that they are utterly alien to divine teaching, he says that they use flattering words. But, he says, they will receive what is due for their impiety, namely death. The word "long ago" denotes God's foreknowledge. For according to foreknowledge, God prepared good things for the good, and for the wicked the place proper to them. For judgment has long been ready.

Hilary of Arles

5th centuryChurch Father

For the Lord, who keeps Israel, does not slumber, that is, He keeps those who have seen God, as the prophet says: "He who keeps Israel neither slumbers nor sleeps" (Ps 120:4). Thus He keeps the lost for destruction.

Andrew the Monk

6th centuryChurch Father

Covetousness sometimes speaks of injustice, and sometimes of profit. Therefore Peter naturally applied the word "deceive." But, he says, as the reward for impiety they will receive death. "Of old" means the foreknowledge of God. For He, foreknowing the good, prepared heavenly good things for them. Likewise, knowing the wicked beforehand, He prepared the opposite place for them. In the Synodal translation the word is "exploit"; in the Greek original (2 Pet 2:3) it is έμπορεύσονται, meaning deceive or cheat.

Ivanov A.V.

19th centuryChurch Father

"Through an abundance of flattering words they will exploit you," ε̉μπορεύσονται, meaning, they will trade in you. The image is taken from merchants who, wishing to entice inexperienced buyers, multiply flattering words about their goods.

Michail (Lusin)

19th centuryChurch Father

“Through covetousness they will exploit,” and so forth. The inner motive of the false-teaching activity of these teachers will be covetousness. This is not simply enrichment, but a greedy passion for enrichment.

It is the chief aim of their action, while everything else is only a means. One such means is ensnaring by flattering words. As the Apostle Paul says, by flattery and eloquence they deceive the hearts of the simple (Rom 16:18).

“Flattering words” is an expression found only in the Apostle Peter. It signifies sweet speech, smooth talking, soft and insinuating eloquence.

“To exploit” more precisely means to trade upon someone, in the sense of deceiving in buying and selling. The whole expression means: from greed for enrichment, to deceive by flattering speeches.

Read more (248 words)

“By the word covetousness,” says the apostle, “he shows that they acquire shamefully. For covetousness sometimes means injustice, and sometimes the baseness of acquisition in general. Therefore he fittingly uses the word exploit. To show that they are wholly alien to divine teaching, he says that they use flattering words” (Theophylact).

Their judgment, as the unchangeable decree of God founded on their impenitence, as condemnation to eternal destruction, has long been ready. More precisely, the judgment appointed for them long ago will not delay.

The judgment for them was predestined from eternity according to God’s foreknowledge. It was indicated and foretold long ago in the Old Testament by the prophets, and foretold by Christ Himself. It does not delay and will not fail to come to pass in its time.

“Their destruction” (2 Pet 2:1) “does not slumber.” This is an original expression, found only in the Apostle Peter. Destruction is personified, as death sometimes is, as though slumbering and half asleep at times, and at other times acting in wakefulness.

When destruction is in a drowsy state, the ungodly, here the false teachers, behave lawlessly. They do not expect destruction to strike them and send them into outer darkness.

But let them know that destruction does not always slumber. When it does not slumber, it swiftly swallows up the ungodly and their false teachers in due time.

Thus the whole expression means that the false teachers who introduce destructive heresies will undergo eternal torment (2 Pet 2:9).

Michail Cheraskov

19th centuryChurch Father

The second chapter is a warning concerning false teachers. It concerns the dogmatic side of the coming false teachings (2 Pet 2:1-3).

The holy Apostle Peter warns that, as in former times there were false prophets among the people along with true prophets (3 Kgs 22:6; Ezek 13:2; 22:25-28), so afterward there will be destructive and scandalous false teachers.

He defines the dogmatic side of their false teachings by saying that they will “deny the Master who bought them.” That is, they will reject the dogma of the Incarnation of the Son of God. They will refuse to confess the Lord Jesus Christ as the incarnate Son of God.

These are the most impious and destructive heretics. “Their judgment has long been ready, and their destruction does not slumber.”

Nikanor (Kamenski)

19th centuryChurch Father

The Apostle points to covetousness as a special trait of heretics. Having no aim except personal pleasures, they must inevitably be covetous, so that they may have the means to satisfy their lusts. By their personal life, and by their harmful influence on the world and on the welfare of Christianity, eternal destruction is inevitable for heretics. But to affect Christians, the Apostle convinces them of this by three fearful examples of God's judgment upon the proud and impious.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.

The original text

Greek text, 19 words with lemma, transliteration and Strong’s number. Tap to expand.

  1. καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  2. ἐν
    en
    in
    G1722 · ἐν
  3. πλεονεξίᾳ
    pleonexia
    covetousness
    G4124 · πλεονεξία
  4. πλαστοῖς
    plastois
    formed
    G4112 · πλαστός
  5. λόγοις
    logois
    a word
    G3056 · λόγος
  6. ὑμᾶς
    hymas
    you
    G4771 · σύ
  7. ἐμπορεύσονται
    emporeusontai
    I travel as a merchant
    G1710 · ἐμπορεύομαι
  8. οἷς
    hois
    who
    G3739 · ὅς, ἥ
  9. τὸ
    to
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  10. κρίμα
    krima
    a judgment
    G2917 · κρίμα
  11. ἔκπαλαι
    ekpalai
    from of old
    G1597 · ἔκπαλαι
  12. οὐκ
    ouk
    no
    G3756 · οὐ
  13. ἀργεῖ
    argei
    I linger
    G691 · ἀργέω
  14. καὶ
    kai
    and
    G2532 · καί
  15. ἡ
    hē
    the
    G3588 · ὁ
  16. ἀπώλεια
    apōleia
    destruction
    G684 · ἀπώλεια
  17. αὐτῶν
    autōn
    he
    G846 · αὐτός
  18. οὐ
    ou
    no
    G3756 · οὐ
  19. νυστάζει
    nystazei
    I nod in sleep
    G3573 · νυστάζω