The Church Fathers on this verse

Daniel 7:24Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And the ten horns of the same kingdom, shall be ten kings: and another shall rise up after them, and he shall be mightier than the former, and he shall bring down three kings.

Douay-Rheims

וְקַרְנַיָּ֣א עֲשַׂ֔ר מִנַּהּ֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔ה עַשְׂרָ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין יְקֻמ֑וּן וְאָחֳרָ֞ן יְק֣וּם אַחֲרֵיה֗וֹן וְה֤וּא יִשְׁנֵא֙ מִן־קַדְמָיֵ֔א וּתְלָתָ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין יְהַשְׁפִּֽל׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Why did you not express this word, O man? It did not pertain to the Jews in any capacity; rather, God imparted it privately, holding it within the heart of the prophet. Consequently, the prophet concludes, These words are concealed and sealed until the time of the end (Dan. 12:9), wishing for them to remain obscure. Christ himself does a similar thing by speaking in parables. Observe how the prophet magnifies this kingdom in every manner, ensuring that nothing human can be understood. Even though humans may possess the entirety of the earth, they cannot hold onto it perpetually. Let no one suggest that the prophet is referring to a brief period. What do the words mean, ‘This kingdom shall not be given to another nation’ (Dan. 2:44)?

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Consider what transpired under Darius and the Macedonians. For whom did it occur? For the Jews. This is why Alexander is reported to have honored the temple upon seeing the book of Daniel, and the Gentiles were astonished by the accuracy of his prophecy. No one except this prophet spoke of it.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

It is stated that ten kings will emerge, represented by his ten horns. This is confirmed by the phrase that follows: after them, another king shall arise, one who will excel in wickedness beyond all those who came before him, and he will bring low three of the kings. If they did not reign simultaneously but rather in succession, how could he simultaneously subdue three of those who preceded him? Thus, it becomes clear that the prophecy indicates that ten kings will appear together at the end. The Antichrist will ascend last and will contend against them, overpowering three. However, his triumph over these rulers will not suffice, as it is written:

Cyrill of Jerusalem

4th centuryChurch Father

What is to occur following this is further articulated: 'When you see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place: let the reader understand' (Matt. 24:15). Again, it is stated: 'Then if anyone says to you, “Look, here is the Christ! or There!” do not believe it' (Matthew 24:23). Hatred among brethren is already giving way to the Antichrist. The devil will incite division among the people so that when the Antichrist appears, they might more readily accept him.

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Before His Incarnation, when it was anticipated that God would be born of a Virgin, the adversary maliciously twisted this truth through the false teachings of idolaters, suggesting that false gods are born of women, with the hope that people would fall for this deception and not recognize the truth. Similarly, prior to the return of the true Christ, the enemy will take advantage of the expectations of the people, particularly those of the Jewish faith, by unveiling a certain sorcerer, adept in deceitful and nefarious magical arts. This impostor will claim the title of Christ, misleading the Jews longing for the Messiah and deceiving Gentiles through illusions of sorcery.

The foretold Antichrist will arise at the conclusion of the Roman empire's reign, coinciding with the end of the world. Ten kings of Rome will rule simultaneously, albeit in different locations. Subsequently, the eleventh will emerge as the Antichrist, who will seize control of the Roman kingdoms through wicked sorcery. He will overthrow three of these kings, while maintaining dominion over the remaining seven. Initially, he will present himself with the virtue and wisdom befitting a notable leader, deceiving the Jews as the anticipated Christ through miraculous signs and flattering enchantments. Eventually, however, he will reveal himself through profound inhumanity and wickedness, surpassing all who preceded him in malice. He will harbor murderous and cruel intentions against all, especially Christians, revealing his nature in various ways. This period of deception will last for three years and six months, after which he will be consumed at the glorious return of the only begotten Son of God, our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. He will vanquish the Antichrist 'by the Spirit of his mouth' (2 Thess. 2:8) and cast him into the fires of Gehenna.

We derive this not from mere speculation, but from the Holy Scriptures read within the Church, particularly from the recently addressed prophecy of Daniel, as explained by the Archangel Gabriel, who stated: 'The fourth beast will be a fourth kingdom on earth, which will exceed all other kingdoms' (Dan. 7:23). Church interpreters regard this kingdom as the Roman kingdom. The first notable kingdom is Assyria, followed by Media and Persia as the second, then the third being Macedonia; the fourth kingdom is the existing Roman kingdom. Daniel also states that not only ten kings will arise, but all who came before. 'And three kings shall he humble' clearly refers to a portion of these ten. Following the overthrow of three of the ten, the eighth will ascend to power. 'And he shall speak words' that are 'against the Most High' (Dan. 7:23), denoting a blasphemer and lawbreaker who will usurp the kingdom not through heritage but through sorcery.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.