The Church Fathers on this verse

Exodus 32:11Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

But Moses besought the Lord his God, saying: Why, O Lord, is thy indignation enkindled against thy people, whom thou hast brought out of the land of Egypt, with great power, and with a mighty hand?

Douay-Rheims

וַיְחַ֣ל מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֶת־פְּנֵ֖י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֑יו וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לָמָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ יֶחֱרֶ֤ה אַפְּךָ֙ בְּעַמֶּ֔ךָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הוֹצֵ֙אתָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּכֹ֥חַ גָּד֖וֹל וּבְיָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse

John Chrysostom

4th centuryChurch Father

Despite this strong assurance, we remain hopeful for the reward of our efforts, even when our endeavors for your salvation seem fruitless. In such moments, we resemble farmers who sigh, weep, and hide in embarrassment. Here, we see the joint responsibility of the educator and the nurturing spirit of a parent. Moses, despite having the option to distance himself from the ungrateful Israelites and thereby become an esteemed ancestor of a larger nation—'Leave Me,' God told him, 'and I will destroy them and raise up a great nation from you' (Exod. 32:10)—could not accept such a proposition. Rather than be saved alone, he chose to share in the fate of the people entrusted to his care. This exemplifies the true shepherd of souls.

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It would indeed be peculiar for someone to have wayward children yet prefer to be known as the father of others instead of his own; similarly, it would be odd for us to continuously transfer the disciples entrusted to us, assigning authority indiscriminately without genuine affection for any of them. Let us dismiss any such doubts about you. We firmly believe that you are overflowing with faith in our Lord Jesus Christ and love for one another and for all people. We share this to inspire you to enhance your fervor and further cultivate virtue in your lives.

When they committed wrongdoings, see how He disciplined them. God contemplated discarding them, but Moses interceded; it was in fact God's work. He issued warnings just as a father does, while Moses, in the role of teacher, implored Him, saying, "Take these people into my hands from this point forward." Thus, the wilderness became a genuine school of instruction.

Ambrose of Milan

4th centuryChurch Father

We have observed the value of respectful communication and warm expressions not only among ordinary individuals but also among rulers, as well as the detrimental impact of prideful and disdainful remarks, which can diminish authority and even threaten the very stability of kingdoms. If a person, through wise counsel, dedicated actions, or fulfilling their responsibilities, has gained the affection of the populace or has willingly faced peril for the benefit of the entire community, they are likely to earn such profound love from the people that their own survival and wellbeing will take precedence over their individual interests. Consider the numerous affronts Moses endured from his followers.

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Yet, each time the Lord intended to bring judgment upon the rebellious, Moses selflessly offered to bear the punishment in place of his fellow Israelites in order to protect them from divine wrath. Reflecting on the account in Exodus, we see how he compassionately reassured the people following their insults, comforted them during their struggles, provided encouragement through promises of better days, and uplifted them through his actions. Despite speaking directly with God on several occasions, Moses always addressed his people with humility and grace. He rightfully held a position of great honor, admired so deeply that they could hardly bear to look upon his face or believe that his grave could ever be discovered. His deep compassion for the souls of others rendered him more cherished for his gentleness than lauded for his accomplishments.

Cassiodorus the Senator

6th centuryChurch Father

Moses earnestly interceded with the Lord, saying, "Let not thy wrath be kindled, O Lord, against thy people." With heartfelt love and profound gratitude, he implores the Lord to balance His justice with mercy, so that those who have felt the weight of His righteous anger might find the courage to seek Him. It is essential to recognize that Moses does not ask the Lord to completely diminish His severity, but rather to temper it just enough. This slight urgency is often needed to guide us back to righteousness, allowing for a process of frequent encouragement through which we may ultimately attain forgiveness for our transgressions by turning to Him in a redemptive plea.

Wlastow G.K.

19th centuryCommentator

From the concluding verse, we observe that the Lord was indeed testing Moses. Yet, the prayer of Moses to God is profoundly beautiful; with heartfelt zeal for the glory of Jehovah, he intercedes for Israel, invoking God's mercy while recalling His promises. His words overflow with love and sorrow for the sins of Israel. While justice demands retribution for wrongdoing, mercy triumphs in judgment. In this moment, the righteousness of Moses is acknowledged by the Lord as a means of atonement for the sins of Israel. Thus, Moses serves as a precursor to the ultimate mediator, reconciling God's justice with fallen humanity. The final words from the Lord provide Moses with the peace and strength necessary to restore the broken covenant among the people.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.