The Church Fathers on this verse

Ezekiel 13:18Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And say: Thus saith the Lord God: Woe to them that sew cushions under every elbow: and make pillows for the heads of persons of every age to catch souls: and when they caught the souls of my people, they gave life to their souls.

Douay-Rheims

וְאָמַרְתָּ֞ כֹּה־אָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה הוֹי֩ לִֽמְתַפְּר֨וֹת כְּסָת֜וֹת עַ֣ל ׀ כָּל־אַצִּילֵ֣י יָדַ֗י וְעֹשׂ֧וֹת הַמִּסְפָּח֛וֹת עַל־רֹ֥אשׁ כָּל־קוֹמָ֖ה לְצוֹדֵ֣ד נְפָשׁ֑וֹת הַנְּפָשׁוֹת֙ תְּצוֹדֵ֣דְנָה לְעַמִּ֔י וּנְפָשׁ֖וֹת לָכֶ֥נָה תְחַיֶּֽינָה׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

3 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Ephraem the Syrian

4th centuryChurch Father

The Prophet denounces the false prophets who claimed their divinations were genuine, stating, “Woe unto them that sew the heads under every hand.” These referred to sorcerer’s pouches attached to the hands, used for divining as soothsayers and magicians do, providing responses to those seeking guidance. “And to them that make coverings over every head of every age, to corrupt the souls,” preventing the misled from recognizing the truth or themselves. “The souls...of my people you catch, and you supply your own souls.” You nourish your own existence while leading them into defilement.

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

It can be acknowledged that some heretics, despite their erroneous beliefs, inadvertently convey elements of truth. Among these figures are Pythagoras and Zeno, who are the originators of the Stoic philosophy, alongside the Bramans of India and the Hymnosophists of Ethiopia, who credit their compatriots with miraculous occurrences attributed to their practice of abstaining from food. They are aptly identified as those who fortify the wall and promise a degree of resilience, yet without the essence of Christ, their efforts are fruitless, and their constructions will crumble. For unless the Lord builds the abode, they toil in vain (Psalm 126:1).

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Conversely, there are those who promote indulgence and sensuality, likened to those who polish cushions and place them under every arm, such as the Epicureans and Pyrrhonians. We also encounter Jovinian and Eunomius, who assert, "Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die" (1 Corinthians 15:32).

Consequently, the prophet is instructed to turn his face toward the daughters of his people. It is essential to clarify the significance of turning and directing one’s face: it mirrors what is stated regarding the Lord's gaze upon those who do wickedness, to erase their memory from the earth (Psalm 33:17). Just as wax melts when exposed to fire, so do sinners perish in the presence of God (Psalm 67:3). In this context, the same prophet proclaims, "Son of man, set your face toward Thebes, and the south, and the Negev" (Ezekiel 20:46); and further, "The word of the Lord came to me, saying, Son of man, set your face toward the children of Jerusalem" (Ezekiel 21:2); later, "The word of the Lord came to me, saying, Set your face toward the children of Ammon" (Ezekiel 25:2); and again, "Set your face against Pharaoh, king of Egypt" (Ezekiel 29:2); and once more, "Son of man, set your face against Gog and Magog" (Ezekiel 38:2); and elsewhere, "I will set My face against that man, and I will bring him to ruin and destruction, and I will remove him from among the people, as I am the Lord" (Ezekiel 14:8).

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

Simmachus expressed this more clearly, lamenting the fate of those who sew cushions for every arm and craft pillows for the heads of people of all ages, enticing souls. Yet God imparted these words to signify comforting and reassuring discourses; for cushions and pillows provide rest and solace to those they support, and similarly, deceptive words, albeit momentarily pleasing to the ears, lead to all sorts of temptations within the souls. Thus, the false prophetesses, declaring seemingly favorable prophecies, ultimately brought harm to the people while seeking gain for themselves. God granted insight into this, proclaiming, ‘The souls have corrupted my people, and the souls have been supplied; and by leading the people astray from God, they drew attention to themselves.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.