The Church Fathers on this verse

Ezekiel 2:4Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

And they to whom I send thee are children of a hard face, and of an obstinate heart: and thou shalt say to them: Thus saith the Lord God:

Douay-Rheims

וְהַבָּנִ֗ים קְשֵׁ֤י פָנִים֙ וְחִזְקֵי־לֵ֔ב אֲנִ֛י שׁוֹלֵ֥חַ אוֹתְךָ֖ אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהֹוִֽה׃

Hebrew (Masoretic text)

The Church Fathers on this verse

4 Church Fathers comment on this verse

Jerome of Stridon

4th centuryChurch Father

These sons, marked by hardened faces and unwavering spirits, are the ones to whom I am sending you. The Seventy do not possess this quality. It is a testament to divine goodness that God reaches out to such individuals and does not lose hope in their redemption, showcasing the bravery of the prophet who boldly approaches them. We must interpret the phrases describing a hardened heart and calloused face in light of what is conveyed to the sinner, “Thy heart is iron, and thy forehead is brass” (Isaiah 48:4). These individuals are further condemned as having hearts of stone, regarding which God declares He will remove and replace with hearts of flesh, enabling them to embrace His commandments due to their newfound tenderness. Additionally, refer to verse 5.

Theodoret of Cyrus

5th centuryChurch Father

The descendants of those with hardened hearts: I will send you to them, meaning they are defiant, lacking in shame, resistant to compassion, unresponsive to guidance, and impervious to discipline. You shall convey to them, Thus says the Lord Adonai. The term Adonai itself signifies Lord, yet it carries a trace of expressive meaning. The prophet proclaims: Thus says the Lord my Lord.

Gregory the Great

6th centuryChurch Father

Shamelessness is a significant flaw in the wrongdoing of the wicked; their hearts are hardened, and they no longer feel shame for their deeds. They do not turn to repentance after committing offenses due to their callousness. The Prophet is sent to such a sinful and obstinate people, illustrating the extent to which the figure of the Prophet may be disregarded by those so deeply corrupt. However, the authority of the messenger is assured when it is stated, "And thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith Adonai the Lord." This implies that, although you may face scorn personally, it is essential for you to speak with the authority of the Lord. To avoid being looked down upon by those whom you are sent to, proclaim My words so that they may recognize the One who sent you.

Vissarion (Nechaev)

19th centuryCommentator

The audience to whom the prophet is sent is characterized as having hard faces and hardened hearts. This description indicates their deep-seated shamelessness, as their expressions remain unmoved regardless of the counsel provided to them. Their insensitivity stems from within; their hearts are so unyielding to righteousness that they remain impervious to warnings, promises, kindness, or discipline. Nonetheless, the longsuffering Lord, who does not wish for anyone’s ruin, continues to engage with them and instructs the prophet to approach them for their enlightenment. The prophet’s mission is not to convey his own understanding but to deliver a message from God, responding to the Lord’s guidance.

Read more (280 words)

Thus, he is to proclaim, “Thus saith the Lord Adonai.” The term Adonai, which translates to "my Lord," signifies the prophet's absolute reliance on the Lord as His servant.

The Lord, aware of the challenges associated with commanding the prophet to confront and counsel the unrighteous, understands how difficult it is to achieve success in this endeavor. Nevertheless, the prophet is obliged to follow through on the Lord’s command, for it is possible that those who receive rebuke and guidance might indeed listen attentively to his prophetic words or exhibit fear—though such a response is difficult to anticipate from the nation of Israel, described metaphorically as the house of the afflictor. They may acknowledge that a true prophet is among them, recognizing the honor associated with the prophet sent from the Lord, and respond with respect to his message.

The all-knowing Lord undoubtedly understands whether the prophet will be heeded. So why does He communicate this in a tentative manner, suggesting uncertainty? Blessed Theodoret offers this explanation: “To prevent anyone from attributing His foreknowledge as the cause of a specific occurrence, He employs expressions of uncertainty to illustrate human free will, thereby preserving His justification on the Day of Judgment.” Consequently, while foreseeing potential disobedience, the Lord utilizes every means possible to turn them away from their shortcomings. Therefore, when it is stated that they might hear or instill fear, this reflects not God’s lack of awareness but a call for repentance. God, who was fully aware of Pharaoh's obstinacy—as evidenced by His declaration, “I know that Pharaoh will not let you go, except by a strong hand and a high muscle” (Exod. III: 19; VI: 1)—remained patient and enduring.

Cross references

Passages read together with this verse.