Genesis 14:7Meaning & Commentary from the Church Fathers

Beloved, let us not overlook the importance of what has been conveyed, assuming this account lacks significance. Sacred Scripture provides us with a thorough depiction precisely to help us understand the might of these warriors and the bravery they displayed, alongside their swift charge into combat that even felled mighty men—those robust in physique—and vanquished all the nations that dwelled there. Just as a powerful current draws and annihilates all in its path, these warriors, having assailed numerous nations, nearly obliterated them all, including the rulers of the Amalekites and others. Yet, some may question, what benefit do I gain from recognizing the strength of these warriors?

The name Kadesh was established later, yet it is referred to in advance in this context. It is identified as the location near the rock, known as the springs of judgment, because it was there that God rendered decisions regarding the people. "And they struck down all the territory of the Amalekites and the Amorites who resided in Asason-famar." This city is currently referred to as En-gaddi, noted for its abundance of balsam and dates.

Regarding the kings who united for battle, as described in the 14th chapter of Genesis, it is important to understand that they were not sovereigns ruling over vast empires and cities. Instead, each was the ruler of a singular city, comparable to local princes, yet collectively they were subjects of the Assyrian monarchy. This is why the Jewish historian Josephus refers to the conflict involving the Sodomites as an Assyrian war. Prior to the complete destruction of the Sodomites, the Lord allowed their adversaries to invade and take captives, giving them a chance to turn from their sinful ways and seek repentance. The compassionate God, who does not desire the demise and ruin of sinners—despite their deserving judgment—first permits them to experience various trials.

To the Source of Judgment, identified as the Cadet, these titles signify: Fountain of Justice and Consecration. The basis for these names, as some interpret, is rooted in the account of Moses (Num. 20:10-13). The territory of the Amalekites is referenced. As Amalek is related to Esau (Gen. 36:12), this may imply that the field of Amalek refers to the ancient dwellers of Amalek’s land, or it could suggest an alternate ancient lineage for the Amalekites. This latter hypothesis finds some support in the animosity of the Jews towards the Amalekites, which is affirmed by God Himself (Ex. 17:14, 1 Sam. 15:2), while He commanded against engaging in conflict with the descendants of Esau (Deut. 2:5). In Hatzatzon-Tamar, a site later known as En Gedi (2 Chr. 20:2).